本文選題：客棧主 + 身份認(rèn)同��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：身份認(rèn)同作為社會(huì)學(xué)的重要概念,是目前旅游研究中的熱點(diǎn)之一。旅游發(fā)展過(guò)程中,不同利益主體在“自我”與“他者”的轉(zhuǎn)換與互動(dòng)中,動(dòng)態(tài)地建構(gòu)與表征著身份的認(rèn)同,并能動(dòng)地影響著旅游目的地系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展。作為諸如麗江、大理、陽(yáng)朔等旅游城市獨(dú)具特色的接待設(shè)施與城市符號(hào),客棧業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展使客棧主從實(shí)踐后場(chǎng)走上被研究前臺(tái),其作為經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的追逐者以及地方(place)組成的一部分,在“自我”與“他者”的視角中不斷建構(gòu)自己的身份。那么客棧主的身份認(rèn)同是如何建構(gòu)起來(lái)的?身份認(rèn)同有哪些維度?身份認(rèn)同的具體表征機(jī)制是什么?客棧主身份認(rèn)同的影響因素有哪些?客棧主在身份認(rèn)同建構(gòu)和重構(gòu)的過(guò)程中對(duì)目的地利益群體格局及目的地發(fā)展會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么影響?這些都是目前苛待研究的問(wèn)題。基于此,論文以陽(yáng)朔客棧主為例,在前人相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,經(jīng)由三次共計(jì)52天的實(shí)地調(diào)研,通過(guò)社會(huì)文化地理學(xué)視角和旅游管理學(xué)科視角,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析法、參與式觀(guān)察法、深度訪(fǎng)談法、內(nèi)容分析法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法,探討了旅游發(fā)展語(yǔ)境下在“自我”視域和“他者”視域共同作用下的客棧主身份認(rèn)同的動(dòng)態(tài)建構(gòu)過(guò)程,基于身份認(rèn)知、歸屬情感、身份評(píng)價(jià)和行為意向四個(gè)維度下共時(shí)態(tài)角度下的表征機(jī)制,從客棧主的社會(huì)人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)屬性和其他屬性?xún)蓚�(gè)方面的身份認(rèn)同的影響因素以及基于客棧主自身、客棧行業(yè)和旅游目的地三個(gè)方面的身份認(rèn)同的反饋機(jī)制,以期在理論上豐富身份認(rèn)同理論機(jī)制,深化身份認(rèn)同的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵、形成機(jī)制以及作用機(jī)制；在實(shí)踐上為陽(yáng)朔客棧業(yè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展提出建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)的同時(shí)對(duì)目的地的有序發(fā)展有所裨益。本研究的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于探索性的構(gòu)建了身份認(rèn)同的四個(gè)維度：身份認(rèn)知、歸屬情感、身份評(píng)價(jià)和行為意向,并且開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)身份認(rèn)同量表；引入身份認(rèn)同理論探索以客棧主為代表的旅游移民群體的身份認(rèn)知。通過(guò)本文的研究得出如下結(jié)論：1.客棧主身份認(rèn)同的建構(gòu)是“自我”與“他者”視域下的動(dòng)態(tài)建構(gòu)“自我”視域主要體現(xiàn)為對(duì)現(xiàn)代性的逃離,客棧主對(duì)“自我”身份的尋求就是一種對(duì)生活格調(diào)和生活方式的尋求；“他者”視域主要體現(xiàn)在不同相關(guān)利益群體間的互動(dòng)比較上,在旅游語(yǔ)境下,客棧主的互動(dòng)群體主要有游客、當(dāng)?shù)鼐用�、其他外�?lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)者、房東以及政府。在“自我”和“他者”的共同作用下客棧主的“客棧主”身份認(rèn)同建構(gòu)經(jīng)歷了開(kāi)客棧前的身份期望,到客棧正式營(yíng)業(yè)后的身份認(rèn)同正式形成,再到客棧經(jīng)營(yíng)穩(wěn)定之后的身份的反思、加固/身份認(rèn)同失敗重構(gòu)的過(guò)程。2.共時(shí)態(tài)下客棧主的身份認(rèn)同表征為身份認(rèn)知、歸屬情感、身份評(píng)價(jià)和行為意向四個(gè)維度結(jié)合質(zhì)性文本和問(wèn)卷探索性因子分析,身份認(rèn)知主要包括自由職業(yè)者、半自由職業(yè)者和客棧主；客棧主的歸屬情感存在積極和消極兩種狀態(tài),積極的情感體現(xiàn)為喜歡(喜歡客棧行業(yè)、喜歡與其他客棧主交流)、自豪感、實(shí)現(xiàn)人生價(jià)值方面,消極的情感集中體現(xiàn)為新鮮感過(guò)后的一種厭倦感；客棧主對(duì)自我身份的評(píng)價(jià)體現(xiàn)為開(kāi)客棧過(guò)程中的收獲以及對(duì)客棧行業(yè)的評(píng)價(jià),其中開(kāi)客棧過(guò)程中的收獲涉及到增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)、交朋友、過(guò)程艱辛、經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)有限四個(gè)方面,對(duì)客棧行業(yè)的評(píng)價(jià)體現(xiàn)為客棧業(yè)在陽(yáng)朔旅游發(fā)展中的貢獻(xiàn),包括提供住宿,拉動(dòng)消費(fèi)、維護(hù)陽(yáng)朔旅游形象等方面；行為意向主要有為了客棧主是否愿意將其身份延續(xù)下去,是否對(duì)客棧的未來(lái)發(fā)展有詳盡的規(guī)劃等方面。3.客棧主的平均月收入、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)以及在陽(yáng)朔的停留情況是客棧主身份認(rèn)同的主要影響因素.通過(guò)運(yùn)用SPSS中的單因子方差分析,取P值小于0.05表示影響顯著,研究顯示客棧主的平均月收入、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)以及在陽(yáng)朔的停留情況是客棧主身份認(rèn)同的主要影響因素(包括舉家搬遷、離開(kāi)一段時(shí)間后返回陽(yáng)朔、短暫停留和其他四個(gè)選項(xiàng))；客棧主的文化程度、開(kāi)客棧前的職業(yè)、在陽(yáng)朔的時(shí)間、與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘢渌蜅Ｖ鞯慕涣髑闆r、在陽(yáng)朔的家庭成員、開(kāi)客棧前的期望(包括自由、悠閑、隨意、喜歡、其他五個(gè)題項(xiàng))以及開(kāi)客棧的原因(包括朋友介紹、厭倦了以前的工作、機(jī)緣巧合、喜歡陽(yáng)朔以及其他五個(gè)題項(xiàng))是次要影響因素；年齡是第三影響因素；性別對(duì)客棧主身份認(rèn)同的影響不大。除此之外,訪(fǎng)談資料進(jìn)一步顯示,客棧主的性格、對(duì)客棧市場(chǎng)規(guī)律的認(rèn)知和把握以及社會(huì)交往等均是形塑客棧主身份認(rèn)同的主要因素。4.客棧主身份認(rèn)同對(duì)陽(yáng)朔旅游業(yè)的影響主要表現(xiàn)在對(duì)客棧主自身、客棧行業(yè)以及旅游目的地三個(gè)方面的影響對(duì)客棧主自身而言,身份認(rèn)同的影響主要表現(xiàn)為客棧主對(duì)“家”的營(yíng)造和對(duì)“無(wú)家”的逃避；對(duì)客棧行業(yè)而言,身份認(rèn)同對(duì)客棧行業(yè)的影響要體現(xiàn)在客棧主通過(guò)對(duì)其客棧的風(fēng)格、產(chǎn)品定位以及規(guī)劃發(fā)展從而影響整個(gè)客棧行業(yè)的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及服務(wù)質(zhì)量的提升方面；對(duì)旅游目的地而言,客棧主身份認(rèn)同的影響從宏觀(guān)視角看,主要體現(xiàn)在客棧在陽(yáng)朔目的地旅游發(fā)展方面所扮演的角色和發(fā)揮的作用上,從微觀(guān)視角看,主要表現(xiàn)為客棧主對(duì)于目的地利益格局中的“人”(包括游客和目的地居民)和“物”(包括景觀(guān)變化和標(biāo)志變化)的影響。
[Abstract]:Identity, as an important concept of sociology, is one of the hotspots in the present study of tourism. In the process of tourism development, different stakeholders dynamically construct and represent identity identity in the transformation and interaction of "self" and "other", and affect the development of tourism destination system. As such as Lijiang, Dali, Yang The unique reception facilities and city symbols in the city of Shuo, the flourishing development of the inn makes the Inns move from the back of practice to the front desk. As a chaser of economic interests and part of the local (place), the Inns continue to construct their identity in the perspective of "self" and "other". Then the identity of the owner of the inn is the owner. What are the dimensions of identity? What are the dimensions of identity identification? What are the specific characterization mechanisms of identity? What are the factors that affect the identity of the main identity of the Inns? What influence does the inn owner have on the development of the target land benefit group pattern and destination in the process of identity construction and reconstruction? Based on this, the paper takes the Yangshuo inn owner as an example, and on the basis of the previous related theories, through three times of 52 days of field research, through the perspective of social and cultural geography and the perspective of tourism management discipline, using the method of literature analysis, participatory observation, depth interview, content analysis, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis. Under the context of "self" and "other", the dynamic construction process of the main identity of the hostel under the context of "self" and "other" in the context of tourism development is based on the four dimensions of identity cognition, attribution emotion, identity evaluation and behavioral intention, from the social demographic and other attributes of the owner of the inns, two The influencing factors of identity identity and the feedback mechanism of identity based on three aspects of the hostel owner, the inn industry and the tourist destination, in order to enrich the theoretical mechanism of identity identification, deepen the essential connotation of identity, form the mechanism and the mechanism of action; in practice, it is healthy and sustainable for the Yangshuo Inn industry. The development of this research is beneficial to the orderly development of the destination. The innovation of this study lies in the exploratory construction of four dimensions of identity: identity cognition, attribution emotion, identity evaluation and behavioral intention, and the development and design of identity scale, and the introduction of identity theory to the representative of the owner of the inn. The following conclusions are drawn through this study: 1. the construction of the identity of the main identity of the inn is that the dynamic construction of "self" in the perspective of "self" and "the other" is mainly embodied in the escape of modernity, and the pursuit of the identity of "self" by the Inn owner is a kind of life style and living side. In the context of tourism, the interactive group of the owner of the inn mainly includes tourists, the local residents, the other foreign operators, the landlord and the government. Under the co action of "self" and "the other", the "inn owner" identity of the owner of the inn is built. The structure experienced the identity expectation before the opening of the inn, the identity after the official business of the inn, and the identity after the stable operation of the inn, and the process of strengthening / identity failure reconstructing, the identity identity of the owner of the Inns is the four dimensions of the identity, the emotion, the identity evaluation and the behavior intention. The analysis of qualitative text and questionnaire exploration factor, identity cognition mainly includes freelance, semi freelance and inn owner, and the attribution emotion of the owner of the inn has two kinds of positive and negative states, and the positive emotion manifests as like (like the inn industry, likes to communicate with other guest owners), the sense of pride, the realization of the value of life, the realization of the value of life, and the elimination of the value of life. The extreme emotional concentration is manifested as a sense of boredom after the freshness; the appraisal of the owner's identity is reflected in the harvest of the open Inn and the evaluation of the inn industry. The harvest in the process of opening the inn involves four aspects of increasing knowledge, making friends, difficult process, and limited economic profit, and the evaluation body of the inn industry. This is the contribution of the inn industry in Yangshuo's tourism development, including providing accommodation, stimulating consumption, and maintaining the tourism image of Yangshuo. The main behavior intention is the average monthly income of the.3. inn owner, family structure, and the family structure as well as whether the inn owner is willing to continue its identity and whether the future development of the inn has a detailed plan. The stay in Yangshuo is the main factor affecting the identity of the hostel main identity. By using the single factor variance analysis in SPSS, the P value is less than 0.05. The study shows that the average monthly income of the owner of the inn, the family structure and the stay in Yangshuo are the main factors affecting the identity of the hostel main identity (including the relocation of the family, and the departure of the family. " Back to Yangshuo after a period of time, a short stay and four other options); an inn owner's educational level, a career in front of an inn, time in Yangshuo, communication with local residents / other inns, members of the family in Yangshuo, and expectations before opening the Inn (including from from, leisurely, casual, like, five other items) and to open the inn. The reasons (including the introduction of friends, tired of the previous work, chance coincidence, Yangshuo and other five items) are secondary factors; age is the third influence factor; gender has little influence on the main identity of the inn. Besides, the interview material is further shown, the character of the inn owner, the cognition of the rules of the inn market and the rules of the inn market. The influence of.4. Inn main identity on Yangshuo tourism is mainly manifested in the influence on the three aspects of the inn owner, the inn industry and the tourist destination, and the influence of the identity is mainly manifested by the Inns owner to the "home". For the inn industry, the impact of identity on the tavern industry is reflected in the style of the inn owner through the style of its Inn, the positioning of the product and the development of the planning and development, which will affect the adjustment of the product structure and the improvement of the quality of the service. For the tourist destination, the inns are the main body. From a macro perspective, the impact of share identity is mainly reflected in the role and role of the inn in the tourism development of Yangshuo destination. From a micro perspective, the main expression is the "people" (including tourists and destinations) and "objects" (including landscape change and symbol change) in the interest pattern of the destination. Influence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F592.7;F719.2

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