本文選題：第三產(chǎn)業(yè)　切入點：直接就業(yè)效應(yīng)　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：從發(fā)達國家產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演進的經(jīng)驗來看,隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平的提高,勞動力會首先由第一次產(chǎn)業(yè)向第二次產(chǎn)業(yè)移動；當人均國民收入水平進一步提高時,勞動力便向第三次產(chǎn)業(yè)移動。目前發(fā)達國家第三產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)人數(shù)已占到其總就業(yè)人數(shù)的比重在70%以上,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)對就業(yè)具有很強的吸納能力。山東省是改革開放以來經(jīng)濟發(fā)展速度較快的省份之一,2011年山東省實現(xiàn)地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值45361.85億元,在全國僅次于廣東省和江蘇省。然而,與其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平不相稱的是,山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平并不高,2011年山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的增加值占GDP的比重僅為38.3%,而第三產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)人口占總就業(yè)人口比重為32.2%,均低于全國水平。與此同時,山東省在就業(yè)方面也面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。因此,如何發(fā)展第三產(chǎn)業(yè)并帶動就業(yè)是山東省當前面臨的一項重要問題。 第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的就業(yè)效應(yīng)可以分為直接就業(yè)效應(yīng)和綜合就業(yè)效應(yīng),本文運用就業(yè)比重、就業(yè)彈性和結(jié)構(gòu)偏離度等多個指標對山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的直接就業(yè)效應(yīng)進行了分析,又用投入產(chǎn)出分析法對山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的綜合就業(yè)效應(yīng)進行了研究。得出的主要結(jié)論為：首先,雖然山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的就業(yè)吸納能力較強,但其發(fā)展水平較落后,因而對就業(yè)增長的貢獻不如第二產(chǎn)業(yè)；其次,山東第三產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動國民經(jīng)濟各部門發(fā)展的能力并不強,因而其綜合就業(yè)效應(yīng)不高；第三.在山東省第三產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部各行業(yè)中,就業(yè)吸納能力強的新興第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展不足,綜合就業(yè)效應(yīng)好的生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展滯后；另外,本文還發(fā)現(xiàn)建筑行業(yè)具有較好的直接和間接就業(yè)效應(yīng)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:From the experience of industrial structure evolution in developed countries, with the improvement of the level of economic development, the labor force will first move from the first industry to the second industry; when the per capita national income level further increases, The labor force then moved to the third industry. At present, the proportion of tertiary industry employment in developed countries has reached more than 70 percent of their total employment. The tertiary industry has a strong absorptive capacity for employment. Shandong Province is one of the provinces with relatively fast economic development since the reform and opening up. In 2011, Shandong Province achieved a regional gross domestic product of 4.536185 trillion yuan, second only to Guangdong Province and Jiangsu Province in the whole country. However, Disproportionate to their level of economic development, The development level of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is not high. In 2011, the added value of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province accounted for only 38.3 percent of GDP, while the proportion of the third industry employed population in the total employed population was 32.2percent, which was lower than the national level. Therefore, how to develop the tertiary industry and promote employment is an important problem facing Shandong Province. The employment effect of the development of the tertiary industry can be divided into direct employment effect and comprehensive employment effect. This paper analyzes the direct employment effect of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province by using employment proportion, employment elasticity and structural deviation. The comprehensive employment effect of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is also studied by the input-output analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows: first, although the employment absorption capacity of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is strong, the development level of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is relatively backward. Therefore, the contribution to employment growth is not as good as that of the secondary industry; secondly, the ability of Shandong tertiary industry to promote the development of various sectors of the national economy is not strong, so its comprehensive employment effect is not high; third, in the various industries within the tertiary industry of Shandong Province, The new tertiary industry with strong employment absorption ability is underdeveloped, and the producer service industry with good comprehensive employment effect lags behind. In addition, this paper also finds that the construction industry has better direct and indirect employment effects. This paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F249.21;F719

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