發(fā)布時間：2018-01-01 18:30

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張及其在中國發(fā)展研究　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 酒店企業(yè) 跨國酒店 跨國擴(kuò)張 空間演變 空間分布格局 區(qū)位選擇 中國

【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的不斷深入和旅游業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展,跨國酒店集團(tuán)囊括了全 球一半以上的酒店。跨國擴(kuò)張成為酒店企業(yè)尋求更大發(fā)展的必然選擇,酒店企業(yè) 跨國擴(kuò)張已成為新世紀(jì)重要的旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象。傳統(tǒng)的對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張領(lǐng)域的 研究多基于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和管理學(xué)基礎(chǔ),基于地理學(xué)基礎(chǔ)的研究比較薄弱。酒店企業(yè)跨 國擴(kuò)張意味著突破一國或地區(qū)的邊界,進(jìn)入另一個國家或地區(qū)進(jìn)行發(fā)展,這一現(xiàn) 象具有強(qiáng)烈的地理空間屬性。現(xiàn)有研究對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的空間規(guī)律研究不夠 深入,解釋不夠透徹,這是當(dāng)前需要加強(qiáng)的一個方面。在酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張進(jìn)程中,中國的地位越來越重要,尤其是金融危機(jī)后, 發(fā)達(dá)國家酒店企業(yè)紛紛推進(jìn)在華的新一輪發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。厘清跨國酒店在華發(fā)展的空 間規(guī)律,揭示其在華發(fā)展的區(qū)位選擇影響因素,是應(yīng)對跨國酒店在華發(fā)展的重要 基礎(chǔ)。對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張及其在中國的發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究,在理論上有利于加深對酒 店企業(yè)這一旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)主體和酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間規(guī)律的認(rèn)識,對旅游業(yè)甚至是 服務(wù)業(yè)的國際化有一定的理論指導(dǎo)意義。同時,也為該領(lǐng)域的研究提供基于地理 學(xué)視角的諸多結(jié)論,豐富該領(lǐng)域的研究內(nèi)容。另一方面,中國要應(yīng)對跨國酒店在 華的激烈競爭,就需要掌握其在華發(fā)展的空間規(guī)律。同時,中國要實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游強(qiáng)國 戰(zhàn)略,就需要培養(yǎng)自己的跨國酒店,并推進(jìn)其跨國經(jīng)營進(jìn)程。這些需要都要求對 酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張及其在華發(fā)展的空間演變和區(qū)位選擇進(jìn)行研究。因此,本文的 研究在實(shí)踐上有利于為中國本土酒店企業(yè)應(yīng)對跨國酒店的市場競爭,并實(shí)施跨國 經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略提供借鑒和指導(dǎo)。基于上述研究目的,本文從酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張及其在華發(fā)展的相關(guān)理論及文 獻(xiàn)綜述入手,采用“理論基礎(chǔ)——規(guī)律探尋——中國實(shí)證”的研究思路,以全球 酒店企業(yè)10強(qiáng)及主要在華外資酒店為研究對象,探討在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景下,酒 店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張及其在華發(fā)展的空間規(guī)律及影響因素。本文有三個核心議題, 是,酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的空間演變特征如何?其當(dāng)前的空間分布格局是何種形 態(tài)?二是,酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇受到哪些因素的影響?其中,哪些因素是影響區(qū)位選擇的根本性因素?三是,跨國酒店在華發(fā)展的空間演變特征如何?其區(qū)位選擇受到哪些因素的影響?前述的影響因素在此過程中是否得以體現(xiàn)?為解答這三個核心議題,本文在結(jié)構(gòu)上共分為八章,各章的主要內(nèi)容具體如下： 第一章是導(dǎo)論。闡述了本文的選題背景、研究意義、研究方法、研究對象、研究內(nèi)容、研究思路、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和主要創(chuàng)新點(diǎn),并對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了綜述。 第二章是基礎(chǔ)理論的闡述。重點(diǎn)從經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)和國際投資的視角,選擇服務(wù)業(yè)區(qū)位論、企業(yè)空間擴(kuò)張理論、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展關(guān)系理論、國際生產(chǎn)折中理論、區(qū)位優(yōu)勢理論等進(jìn)行研究。由于酒店業(yè)的特殊性,本文對上述理論在酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張研究中的適用性進(jìn)行了探討。 第三章是酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張這一問題的基本認(rèn)識。包括相關(guān)概念界定,酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的歷史階段劃分、基礎(chǔ)條件、主要形式及擴(kuò)張動因。 第四章是酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間演變特征研究。主要從洲際和國家兩個層面對該問題進(jìn)行研究。研究過程中,分別從美國、英國、法國酒店企業(yè)的視角對該問題進(jìn)行比較分析,采用相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間演變特征進(jìn)行定量測度。發(fā)現(xiàn)酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張重心向亞洲轉(zhuǎn)移,擴(kuò)張過程中接觸擴(kuò)散與等級擴(kuò)散相混合,空間演變呈現(xiàn)多中心趨向均質(zhì)發(fā)展,從核心區(qū)向腹地擴(kuò)散的特征。發(fā)達(dá)國家和新興市場國家呈現(xiàn)差異化發(fā)展特征。 第五章是跨國酒店海外空間分布格局研究。分別從洲際、國家、城市三個層面對該問題進(jìn)行了研究。研究過程中,采用數(shù)學(xué)模型和GIS空間分析方法對跨國酒店在海外的空間分布格局進(jìn)行了刻畫,引入世界城市理論,闡述了城市層面的跨國酒店在海外的空間分布格局。發(fā)現(xiàn)跨國酒店在海外空間分布呈現(xiàn)總體分散,相對集中的特征,歐美發(fā)達(dá)國家及亞洲和中南美的新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體成為跨國酒店擴(kuò)張的重要方向,世界城市、城市群、經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力較強(qiáng)城市、發(fā)達(dá)國家和新興市場國家城市是酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的重點(diǎn)區(qū)位指向。 第六章是酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇研究。包括模型的建構(gòu),酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇影響因素的歸納、篩選和測度,提煉區(qū)位選擇根本性影響因素,并對每一種影響因素展開闡述。發(fā)現(xiàn)入境旅游規(guī)模、外商直接投資規(guī)模、經(jīng)濟(jì)總量規(guī)模、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、地緣和文化親緣是影響酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇的根本性因素。 第七章是跨國酒店在華發(fā)展研究。包括跨國酒店在華發(fā)展歷程、酒店類型、擴(kuò)張動因、經(jīng)營形式,重點(diǎn)對跨國酒店在華空間演變過程、空間分布特征及區(qū)位選擇影響因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究。發(fā)現(xiàn)跨國酒店在華空間分布呈現(xiàn)集中特征,形成環(huán)渤海、長三角、珠三角三大集聚區(qū),從東部向西部過渡,分布數(shù)量逐步減少。中部省份正成為跨國酒店新一輪擴(kuò)張的主要區(qū)位指向。外資高檔酒店越來越向東部集中,同時伴隨“中部塌陷”現(xiàn)象。外資中檔酒店正向中部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移�？鐕频暝谌A主要分布在經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力較強(qiáng)的城市,尤其是一線城市和三大城市群內(nèi)部,但目前其空間分布由不均衡向均衡轉(zhuǎn)化,從一線城市向二線城市擴(kuò)散�？鐕频赀x擇布點(diǎn)城市主要受入境旅游者人數(shù)的影響,其次是4A級(含)以上景區(qū)數(shù)量。隨著跨國酒店在華發(fā)展的逐步深入,市場需求對其分布城市區(qū)位選擇的影響越來越大,景區(qū)供給的影響越來越小,占領(lǐng)市場的動機(jī)越加顯著。跨國酒店在中國的發(fā)展印證了第四、第五、第六章的研究結(jié)論。 第八章是結(jié)論和展望。闡述了全文的主要研究結(jié)論,并對本領(lǐng)域以后的研究方向提出建議。 本文主要在以下幾個方面進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新嘗試： (1)刻畫酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間過程和空間分布格局�，F(xiàn)有對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間演變特征和空間分布格局的研究過于宏觀,系統(tǒng)性較差,主觀性較強(qiáng),空間分析較薄弱。本文從洲際、國家、城市三個層面分別刻畫了酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的空間演變特征和空間分布格局。研究既包括了酒店企業(yè)全球性空間演變的宏觀分析,又包括了在具體國家空間演變的微觀分析。采用了一系列數(shù)學(xué)模型對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張空間演變特征和空間分布格局進(jìn)行了定量測度,增強(qiáng)了研究的科學(xué)性。本研究較為系統(tǒng)地刻畫了酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的空間演變特征和空間分布格局,這也是以往研究中相對薄弱的一個方面。 (2)提出酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇根本性影響因素�，F(xiàn)有對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇的研究比較瑣碎,而且由于未采用數(shù)學(xué)模型而表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的主觀性。本文采用數(shù)學(xué)模型和統(tǒng)計分析方法,對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇影響因素進(jìn)行了客觀評價,增強(qiáng)了研究的客觀性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將現(xiàn)有研究成果進(jìn)行整合、提煉、發(fā)展,歸納出酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張區(qū)位選擇五大根本性影響因素。 (3)深化對跨國酒店在華發(fā)展空間規(guī)律的認(rèn)識。本文的研究成果是跨國酒店在華發(fā)展情況的一個系統(tǒng)的刻畫,其中有三個亮點(diǎn)：第一個亮點(diǎn)是發(fā)現(xiàn)外資高檔酒店存在“中部塌陷”現(xiàn)象；第二個亮點(diǎn)是發(fā)現(xiàn)外資中檔酒店存在從西部地區(qū)向中部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移的趨向；第三個亮點(diǎn)是發(fā)現(xiàn)跨國酒店在華選擇布點(diǎn)城市主要受入境旅游者人數(shù)的影響,其次是4A級(含)以上景區(qū)數(shù)量,并且市場需求對跨國酒店分布城市區(qū)位選擇的影響越來越大,景區(qū)供給的影響越來越小。 (4)豐富酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張研究領(lǐng)域的方法體系。以往對酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究多基于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、管理學(xué)視角,本文著重從地理學(xué)的角度切入這一問題,用空間分析的方法來研究酒店企業(yè)跨國擴(kuò)張的規(guī)律,在方法體系上多次應(yīng)用地理學(xué)的相關(guān)模型和公式,大量采用地圖、GIS等空間分析工具,使研究更直觀、形象。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization and the flourishing of tourism, the transnational hotel group covers all of them.
More than half of the hotels. Transnational expansion has become the inevitable choice for hotel enterprises to seek greater development, hotel enterprises
Transnational expansion has become an important tourist economic phenomenon in the new century.
The research is based on the basis of economics and management, and the research based on geography is weak.
The expansion of the country means breaking through the boundaries of one country or region and entering the development of another country or region.
The image has a strong geographical spatial attribute. The research on the spatial law of the transnational expansion of the hotel enterprises is not enough
In depth, the explanation is not thorough enough. This is an aspect that needs to be strengthened at present. In the process of hotel business expansion, China's position is more and more important, especially after the financial crisis.
Hotel enterprises in developed countries have pushed forward a new round of development strategy in China. To clarify the vacant development of transnational hotels in China
It is important to reveal the influence factors of location selection in China, which is important to deal with the development of transnational hotels in China.
The research on the transnational expansion of the hotel enterprises and their development in China is beneficial to the deepening of the wine in theory.
The knowledge of the tourist economy subject and the spatial law of the transnational expansion of the hotel enterprises, and even the tourism industry
The internationalization of service industry has a certain theoretical guiding significance. At the same time, it also provides geography for the research in this field.
On the other hand, China should deal with transnational hotels on the other hand.
The fierce competition in China needs to master the spatial law of its development in China. At the same time, China should realize a powerful tourist power.
The strategy needs to develop its own transnational hotels and promote its transnational business process.
The international expansion of hotel enterprises and their spatial evolution and location selection in China. Therefore, this paper
In practice, the study is beneficial to China's local hotel enterprises to cope with the market competition of transnational hotels and to carry out transnational hotels.
The management strategy provides reference and guidance. Based on the purpose of the above research, this article from the related theories and articles of the hotel enterprise's transnational expansion and its development in China
On the basis of the summary, we adopt the research idea of "the theoretical basis - the law exploration - China empirical", with the whole world
Hotel enterprises 10 and mainly foreign capital hotels in China as the research object, discuss the wine under the background of economic globalization.
There are three core issues in this paper: the spatial law and influence factors of the multinational expansion and its development in China.
What are the characteristics of the spatial evolution of hotel enterprises' transnational expansion? What is the pattern of its current spatial distribution
Two, the hotel enterprises? International expansion location choice by which factors? Which factors are fundamental factors affecting the choice of the location of the? Three, the international hotels in the development of China's space evolution characteristics? What factors influence its location? Whether to embody the influence factors in this process? The three core issues in this solution, the structure is divided into eight chapters, the main contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction. It describes the background, significance, research methods, research objects, research contents, research ideas, text structure and main points of innovation, and summarizes the related literatures both at home and abroad.
The second chapter is the basic theory. The focus from economic geography and international investment perspective, the service industry location theory, enterprise expansion theory, regional economic development theory, eclectic theory of international production, research on location advantage theory. Because of the particularity of the hotel industry, this paper discusses the applicability of the above theory in the study of international expansion of the hotel business.
The third chapter is the basic understanding of the problem of hotel enterprises' transnational expansion. It includes the definition of related concepts, the historical stages, the basic conditions, main forms and expansion drivers of hotel enterprises' transnational expansion.
The fourth chapter is the research on the evolution characteristics of multinational enterprises. Mainly from the expansion of Space Hotel InterContinental and the national two aspects of the problem are studied. During the study, respectively, from the United States, Britain, comparative analysis of the problem of the French hotel business perspective, a mathematical model is applied to the international expansion of space evolution characteristics of quantitative measure of hotel enterprises Discovery Inn Hotel. The multinational expansion focus to Asia, diffusion and hierarchy diffusion contact expansion process, spatial evolution presents multi center development trend of homogeneous features from the core area, spread to the hinterland. The developed countries and emerging market countries show differences in development characteristics.
The fifth chapter is the research on the distribution pattern of overseas multinational hotel space. From the intercontinental, country, three aspects of the city are studied. During the study, the mathematical model and GIS spatial analysis method on the distribution pattern of the international hotels in the overseas space are given, in the world city theory, expounds the distribution in overseas the spatial pattern of city level multinational hotel. Found international hotels in overseas distribution shows characteristics of scattered, relatively concentrated, developed countries and emerging economies in Asia and Latin America has become an important direction of the multinational hotel expansion of the world city, city group, strong economic strength of city, developed countries and emerging market countries city the location is the focus of hotel enterprises cross-border expansion point.
The sixth chapter is the expansion of multinational hotel location choice research. Including model construction, the influence factors of multinational hotel induction expansion location, screening and measure, refine location factors influence it, and elaborated on the factors of each entry tourism is discussed. It is found that the scale, the scale of foreign direct investment, the total economy scale. The level of economic development, geographical and cultural relationship is the fundamental factors affecting the international expansion of the choice of the location of the hotel business.
The seventh chapter is the research on the development of the international hotels in China. Including multinational hotel development in China, the hotel type expansion agent, management form, focus on the process of the evolution of the international hotels in China, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the location choice of the empirical research. The present distribution features found in China space international hotels, the formation of Bohai the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, the three major clusters, the transition from the east to the west, gradually reduce the number of distribution. The central provinces are becoming the main location of multinational hotel a new round of expansion point. More and more foreign high-end hotel to the East, accompanied by a "central collapse" phenomenon. The transfer of foreign investment are mid-range hotel international hotels in the central region. China is mainly distributed in the strong economic strength of the city, especially first-tier cities and three city groups, but its spatial distribution by balanced transformation, from the first The city spreads to the second city. The multinational hotel choice is mainly affected by the number of city distribution of inbound tourists, followed by 4A (inclusive) above the number of scenic spots. With the development of the international hotels in China gradually, the greater market demand for its influence on the distribution of city location selection and influence of scenic spot supply is more and more small, occupation the market has become increasingly significant. The motivation of the international hotels in the China development confirmed fourth, fifth, sixth chapter of conclusions.
The eighth chapter is the conclusion and prospect. It expounds the main research conclusions of the full text, and puts forward some suggestions on the future research direction in this field.
This article has made an innovative attempt in the following aspects:
(1) describe the distribution process and the spatial pattern of international expansion of space hotel enterprises. Study on the characteristics of the spatial distribution pattern and evolution of the existing hotel enterprise transnational expansion space is too general, the system is poor, subjectivity, spatial analysis is weak. This paper from the three aspects of intercontinental, country, city respectively depicts the hotel enterprises cross-border expansion the spatial characteristics and spatial distribution pattern. The research includes both the macro analysis of the hotel enterprise global space evolution, including micro evolution analysis in specific national space. Using a series of mathematical model of hotel enterprise transnational expansion space evolution characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of quantitative measure, strengthen the scientific research. Systematically describes the hotel enterprise transnational expansion of space evolution characteristics and spatial distribution pattern, this is also a weakness of previous studies On the other hand.
(2) the international expansion of hotel enterprises location choice essential factor. The existing research on the location choice of multinational hotel expansion relatively trivial, and because of not using a mathematical model and showed strong subjectivity. This paper uses the mathematical model and the statistical analysis method, the objective evaluation of the factors influencing the choice of Hotel company international expansion location. To enhance the research objective. On the basis of the existing research results of integration, refinement, development, summed up the five factors affecting the fundamental choice of hotel enterprise transnational expansion location.
(3) to deepen the understanding of the laws of the development of space in multinational hotel. The results of this study was to describe a system development of the international hotels in China, which has three highlights: first highlight is found upscale hotel foreign capitals "central collapse" phenomenon; second bright spot is found there foreign mid-range Hotel tend to transfer from the west to the central region; the third highlight is that the international hotels in China city is mainly affected by the number of sites selection of inbound tourists, followed by 4A (inclusive) above the number of scenic spots, and greater market demand for cross country hotel distribution city location selection and influence of supply and scenic spots the smaller.
(4) rich international expansion of research field of the hotel business system. The previous research on hotel enterprise transnational expansion in related fields based on economics, management science perspective, this paper cut in this problem from the angle of geography, using the method of spatial analysis to study the hotel enterprises cross-border expansion rules, model and formula of multiple applications in geography method system, using a large number of maps, GIS spatial analysis tools, which makes the research more intuitive image.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F719;F272

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳立平;國際酒店集團(tuán)在華發(fā)展的制約因素及趨勢分析[J];北京工商大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2005年06期

2 文吉;中國星級酒店空間布局研究[J];商業(yè)研究;2004年21期

3 呂波;;國際化背景下中國飯店業(yè)跨國戰(zhàn)略[J];商業(yè)研究;2011年05期

4 肖海平;谷人旭;楊春和;;我國省域飯店業(yè)經(jīng)營績效時空演化研究[J];商業(yè)研究;2011年06期

5 姜海寧;肖海平;李廣斌;袁豐;;長三角五星級酒店空間格局研究[J];商業(yè)研究;2011年07期

6 王勇;杜德斌;;經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)地理格局的映射[J];上海城市管理職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2006年02期

7 寧越敏;;中外城市群發(fā)展趨勢及對區(qū)域的引領(lǐng)作用[J];上海城市管理職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2007年01期

8 袁豐;陳江龍;吳威;薛俊菲;;江蘇省沿江開發(fā)區(qū)空間分工、制造業(yè)集聚與轉(zhuǎn)移[J];長江流域資源與環(huán)境;2009年05期

9 寧越敏;新的國際勞動分工世界城市和我國中心城市的發(fā)展[J];城市問題;1991年03期

10 寧越敏;張凡;;關(guān)于城市群研究的幾個問題[J];城市規(guī)劃學(xué)刊;2012年01期

，

本文編號：1365704