本文選題：商品住宅 + 質(zhì)量缺陷�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以業(yè)主房屋質(zhì)量缺陷維權(quán)訴訟若干案例為研究背景，闡述了商品住宅出現(xiàn)質(zhì)量缺陷時業(yè)主維權(quán)的困境，分析了其成因，并提出針對性強的改進措施，在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了若干可行的處理方法與對策。 系列訴訟案例表明：當業(yè)主購買房屋出現(xiàn)質(zhì)量缺陷時，將普遍面臨不能獲得及時妥善的維修、維權(quán)困難重重、房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商態(tài)度強硬、缺陷處理敷衍推諉、缺乏有效投訴和調(diào)解仲裁機制、投訴無果、訴訟取證面臨信息不對稱技術(shù)性壁壘所導致的對鑒定和評估機構(gòu)的鑒定和評估結(jié)果存在的瑕疵只能予以接受、訴訟程序性技術(shù)性難度過大、律師難以應(yīng)對復雜專業(yè)性問題、律師代理訴訟成本過高等多重困境，因此，訴求總難獲法院支持，法院難以應(yīng)對這類專業(yè)性和數(shù)量眾多維權(quán)訴訟，訴訟自由裁量幅度過大，訴訟結(jié)果不確定性強，維權(quán)結(jié)果大多得不償失，甚至損失進一步加大。在訴訟過程中，原告方一般缺少專業(yè)背景、知識和經(jīng)驗，勢單力薄，缺乏資源，缺乏有效和低成本的法律咨詢及服務(wù)等。購房者利益受到侵害后，維權(quán)普遍遭遇困境。 針對案例制定了有效性缺陷修復方案，依據(jù)國家規(guī)范和標準、鑒定結(jié)論對案例中房屋缺陷的損失進行了科學的評估，，證明了鑒定和評估機構(gòu)的鑒定和評估結(jié)果失實的嚴重性及呈現(xiàn)減少開發(fā)商賠償數(shù)額的單向性，揭示了鑒定和評估機構(gòu)行為普遍存在的問題，為質(zhì)疑鑒定和評估結(jié)果動機提供依據(jù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了健全和完善住宅質(zhì)量缺陷投訴和調(diào)解仲裁機制、完善現(xiàn)有鑒定和評估制度、建立建筑質(zhì)量“終身保險制”、借鑒英美法系判例法，建立維權(quán)案例數(shù)據(jù)庫等改進措施，并建議加強健全和完善住宅質(zhì)量缺陷投訴和調(diào)解仲裁機制體論證和設(shè)計的觀點。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the research background of several cases of owners' rights litigation for quality defects of buildings, this paper expounds the plight of owners' rights protection when the quality defects of commercial housing appear, analyzes its causes, and puts forward some measures to improve it. On this basis, some feasible treatment methods and countermeasures are given. A series of litigation cases show that when owners buy houses with quality defects, they will generally be faced with difficulties in maintaining their rights in a timely and proper manner, real estate developers are tough, and defects are handled perfunctorily. In the absence of an effective mechanism for complaint and mediation and arbitration, the failure of complaints, the fact that litigation evidence is faced with technical barriers to information asymmetry that lead to flaws in the identification and evaluation results of appraisal and evaluation institutions can only be accepted. The procedural technology of litigation is difficult to overcome, lawyers are difficult to deal with complex and professional problems, and lawyers' representation costs are too high. Therefore, it is always difficult to obtain the support of the court, which is difficult for the court to deal with such professional and numerous rights litigation. The range of discretion of litigation is too large, the uncertainty of litigation result is strong, the result of protecting rights mostly outweighs the loss, and even the loss is further increased. In the litigation process, the plaintiff generally lacks professional background, knowledge and experience, lack of resources, lack of effective and low-cost legal advice and services. After the interests of buyers were infringed, rights protection generally encountered difficulties. According to the national norms and standards, the paper makes a scientific evaluation of the loss of the housing defects in the case, according to the national norms and standards. It proves the seriousness of the misrepresentation of the appraisal and evaluation results of the appraisal and evaluation institutions and presents the unidirectional nature of reducing the compensation amount of the developers. It also reveals the common problems in the behavior of the appraisal and evaluation institutions. To provide the basis for questioning the results of appraisal and evaluation of motivation. On this basis, the author puts forward to perfect and perfect the complaint and mediation mechanism of housing quality defect, perfect the existing appraisal and evaluation system, establish the "life-long insurance system" for building quality, and draw lessons from the case law of common law system. It is suggested to strengthen and perfect the argument and design of housing quality defect complaint and mediation and arbitration mechanism.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F299.23;D922.294

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