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小產(chǎn)權房買賣的效力研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-05-09 10:07

  本文選題:小產(chǎn)權房 + 房屋買賣; 參考:《西南政法大學》2014年碩士論文


【摘要】:近些年來,,隨著城市化進程的加快和房地產(chǎn)市場的繁榮發(fā)展,“小產(chǎn)權房”規(guī)模也在不斷擴大,已經(jīng)成為社會討論的熱門話題之一。對于這一歷史遺留問題,雖然國家在政策上三令五申,明令禁止小產(chǎn)權房的買賣行為,但由于缺少相關法律法規(guī)的明確規(guī)定,實務界及理論界對于小產(chǎn)權房買賣的效力一直存在較大的爭議。小產(chǎn)權房能否轉正、買賣合同是否有效等相關問題一直為人們所關注。與國內(nèi)相比,國外實行土地私有化,土地屬于個人所有,在其土地上建造的房屋屬于個人財產(chǎn),可以自由轉讓,并不存在小產(chǎn)權房問題,F(xiàn)實生活中買賣小產(chǎn)權房的現(xiàn)象層出不窮。近些年來,審判實踐中也大量出現(xiàn)了小產(chǎn)權房買賣的案件,而這些案件基本是圍繞“房屋買賣合同是否有效”展開的。因為合同的效力直接關系到購房者能否取得房屋產(chǎn)權以及發(fā)生糾紛時合法權益的維護?v觀此類案件,很多都是由于小產(chǎn)權房出賣后國家征地或拆遷過程中的利益分配問題而引發(fā)的,而從法院的審判結果來看,判定小產(chǎn)權房買賣合同無效的情形占絕大多數(shù)。在相關法律法規(guī)并不完善的情形之下,法院判定小產(chǎn)權房買賣合同無效是否有理有據(jù),合同無效后雙方的利益如何分配、損失如何分擔等執(zhí)行難問題是否能得已解決,是否能從法律上達到公平公正的法律效果以及定分止爭的社會效果等一系列問題,都是我們值得深思的地方。 小產(chǎn)權房問題不僅是一個法律問題,而且還涉及了農(nóng)民、城市居民、政府、房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商等各方利益,因此,根據(jù)具體國情,改革法律及制度上的弊端,創(chuàng)造性地解決因小產(chǎn)權房買賣所帶來的一系列社會問題,具有重大的理論意義和實踐價值。 本文第一部分主要是通過對當前小產(chǎn)權房現(xiàn)狀的分析,結合國家相關法律法規(guī)以及理論界的對此的相關態(tài)度,提出本文所研究的是“城市居民購買農(nóng)村宅基地上房屋”這一類小產(chǎn)權房買賣的效力問題。 本文的第二部是對與小產(chǎn)權房買賣密切相關的宅基地使用權制度進行了分析。在“房地一體”原則之下,對我國當前的農(nóng)村宅基地使用權的性質及流轉方面的規(guī)定進行了反思,并結合時代背景并提出筆者自己的觀點,也為下文進一步分析當前小產(chǎn)權房買賣的爭議提供相關論證依據(jù)。 本文第三部分主要是針對理論界及實務界對此類小產(chǎn)權房買賣的效力爭議的歸納分析。主要有兩種觀點,第一種是無效說;第二種是有效說。筆者分別對支持這兩種學說的理由進行了歸納分析,并通過結合審判實務中的經(jīng)驗,提出了筆者對小產(chǎn)權房買賣效力的認定。 本文第四部分主要是從筆者主張此類小產(chǎn)權房買賣有效的觀點出發(fā),根據(jù)現(xiàn)實的具體情況,提出了解決此類小產(chǎn)權房買賣問題的一些具體構想,主要是從深化宅基地制度改革;在具備條件的情況下修改有關宅基地使用權的相關法律規(guī)定規(guī)定并制定專門的《農(nóng)村土地流轉法》為認定此類小產(chǎn)權房買賣提供明確的法律依據(jù);畢竟此類小產(chǎn)權房已存在十余年,在目前相關法律法規(guī)不明確的情形之下,通過開展試點,探尋符合農(nóng)村實際的解決此類問題的途徑,為將來有序地在全國范圍內(nèi)解決此問題提供參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years , with the acceleration of urbanization and the prosperity of the real estate market , the scale of " small property rights house " has become one of the hot topics of social discussion .

It is not only a legal question , but also the interests of farmers , urban residents , governments and real estate developers . Therefore , according to the specific national conditions , the reform laws and the shortcomings of the system , it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to creatively solve the social problems caused by the sale of small property rights .

The first part of this paper is to analyze the present situation of small property right house , combine the relevant national laws and regulations as well as the relevant attitude of the theory circle , and put forward the question of the effect of the small property right house which is a kind of small property right house purchased by city residents .

The second part of this paper is to analyze the system of the right to use the house which is closely related to the sale and sale of the small property right house . Under the principle of the " one - in - one " principle , the article reflects on the nature and circulation of the right to use the rural house - house in China , and puts forward the author ' s own point of view in combination with the background of the times , and provides the basis for further analysis of the dispute about the sale of the current small - property house .

The third part of this paper is mainly on the inductive analysis of the dispute of the effect of the theory and practice circles on the sale of such small property rights houses . There are two main points : the first is ineffective .
The second is the effective theory . The author summarizes the reasons for supporting the two theories , and puts forward the author ' s conclusion about the effect of the sale of the small property rights house by combining the experience in the trial practice .

The fourth part of this paper is mainly from the point of view of the author ' s assertion of the effective view of the sale and sale of such small property rights . According to the actual situation , some concrete ideas are put forward to solve the problem of the sale of such small property rights , mainly from deepening the reform of the house system ;
Modify the relevant laws and regulations on the right to use the home base in case of preparation conditions , and formulate specific laws and regulations on rural land transfer to provide clear legal basis for the determination of such small property right houses ;
After all , such small property rights rooms have been in existence for more than ten years , under the circumstance that the current relevant laws and regulations are not clear , through carrying out the pilot , seek ways to solve such problems in accordance with the actual rural areas , and provide a reference for solving the problem in an orderly way throughout the country in the future .

【學位授予單位】:西南政法大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:D922.181;D923.6

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