某居住區(qū)行人高度風(fēng)環(huán)境的風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)研究
本文選題:居住區(qū) + 建筑風(fēng)環(huán)境。 參考:《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境是城市生態(tài)環(huán)境的重要組成部分,是良好人居環(huán)境的重要表現(xiàn)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的不斷發(fā)展,我國預(yù)計(jì)到2050年城鎮(zhèn)化率將達(dá)到70%左右,城市規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,科技的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展高層建筑、超高層建筑、大型住宅小區(qū)等新型居住區(qū)的涌現(xiàn),在這些新型的社區(qū)里邊產(chǎn)生各種對生活工作環(huán)境的不良影響的問題。這主要是因?yàn)楫?dāng)前在我國的城市建設(shè)、房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)等更多的是注重其功能布置、美觀設(shè)計(jì)和空間的利用,很少考慮高密度建筑群所形成的居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境狀況,及其對人們生活、行動、健康及安全、以及能源的利用的影響。同時基于對社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展追求,,營造安全、舒適、健康又綠色節(jié)能生態(tài)城市,開展對居住區(qū)行人高度風(fēng)環(huán)境的研究,對建筑風(fēng)環(huán)境進(jìn)行規(guī)范管理,顯得必要而且迫切。 本文以廣州某新建居住區(qū)項(xiàng)目的室外行人高度風(fēng)環(huán)境為研究對象,總結(jié)國內(nèi)外最新的居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境研究成果,提出了行人的舒適感與風(fēng)速之間的關(guān)系。風(fēng)環(huán)境評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要包含兩大方面的內(nèi)容:針對不同行人活動類型的恰當(dāng)?shù)娘L(fēng)速范圍,以及出現(xiàn)該風(fēng)速的可接受頻率。風(fēng)環(huán)境的主要感受對象是人,通過在風(fēng)洞中的進(jìn)行模擬試驗(yàn),測量人可涉足位置以上的人行高度處,在不同風(fēng)向角向影響下的平均風(fēng)速,根據(jù)測得的數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算風(fēng)速比,確定建筑物與風(fēng)之間的空氣動力效應(yīng)。首先,根據(jù)ESDU的數(shù)字風(fēng)力模擬并與設(shè)計(jì)方協(xié)商,預(yù)測和估計(jì)測試區(qū)域內(nèi)風(fēng)速剖面指數(shù)和湍流剖面;為了得到項(xiàng)目所在地所符合要求的邊界層條件,統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析項(xiàng)目所在地的氣候資料,在建筑風(fēng)洞內(nèi)進(jìn)行了邊界層調(diào)試,從而確定項(xiàng)目的大氣邊界層條件;然后,針對該某居住區(qū)項(xiàng)目建立1:300縮尺比剛性模型,對該項(xiàng)目的居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境環(huán)境條件進(jìn)行模擬,根據(jù)預(yù)測和估計(jì)的風(fēng)環(huán)境影響重要環(huán)境區(qū)域,在主要的風(fēng)口位置及建筑物周圍布置風(fēng)環(huán)境測試探頭,并在建筑風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)室中進(jìn)行風(fēng)環(huán)境試驗(yàn),獲得該項(xiàng)目新建8棟塔樓周圍近地面處不同風(fēng)向角下各測點(diǎn)的風(fēng)速比。結(jié)合該新建項(xiàng)目所在地的氣象資料,根據(jù)各項(xiàng)評價(jià)指標(biāo)分析和評估該項(xiàng)目所形成的居住區(qū)行人高度處的風(fēng)環(huán)境狀況。由試驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知,由于本項(xiàng)目周邊建筑較多、建筑密度大,風(fēng)速比分布規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),但一般規(guī)律來看,較大的風(fēng)速比基本分布在建筑間貫穿的通道和高層建筑的拐角處。 最后,通過本項(xiàng)目的居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境研究,尋找居住區(qū)建筑群風(fēng)環(huán)境的一般規(guī)律,提出一些在改善居住區(qū)風(fēng)環(huán)境的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計(jì)策略方面的建議,對房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)、綠色建筑的前期規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Residential wind environment is an important part of urban ecological environment and an important expression of good human settlement environment. With the development of economy and society, the urbanization rate of our country is expected to reach about 70% by 2050, the scale of the city is expanding, and the new residential areas, such as high-rise buildings, super high-rise buildings, large residential areas, etc., are emerging in the innovation and development of science and technology. In these new communities there are problems with the adverse effects on the living and working environment. This is mainly due to the fact that the current urban construction and real estate development in China pay more attention to its functional layout, aesthetic design and space utilization, and seldom consider the wind environment of residential areas formed by high-density buildings and its impact on people's lives. Actions, health and safety, and the impact of energy use. At the same time, based on the pursuit of sustainable development of the society, building a safe, comfortable, healthy and green energy saving ecological city, it is necessary and urgent to carry out the research on the pedestrian high wind environment in residential areas and to regulate the building wind environment. This paper takes the outdoor pedestrian height wind environment of a new residential area project in Guangzhou as the research object, summarizes the latest research results of the residential area wind environment at home and abroad, and puts forward the relationship between pedestrian comfort and wind speed. Wind environment assessment criteria mainly include two aspects: the appropriate range of wind speed for different types of pedestrian activity and the acceptable frequency of the wind speed. The main object of the wind environment is human. Through the simulation test in the wind tunnel, the average wind speed can be measured under the influence of different wind direction angles, and the wind speed ratio can be calculated according to the measured data. Determine the aerodynamic effect between the building and the wind. First, based on ESDU's digital wind simulation and in consultation with the designer, the wind speed profile index and turbulence profile in the test area are predicted and estimated; in order to obtain the required boundary layer conditions in the project site, Statistics and analysis of the climate data of the site of the project are carried out, and the boundary layer is debugged in the building wind tunnel to determine the atmospheric boundary layer conditions of the project. Then, a 1: 300 scale ratio rigid model is established for the project in a residential area. The wind environment conditions of the residential area of the project are simulated. According to the predicted and estimated wind environment, the wind environment test probes are arranged in the main tuyere position and around the building. The wind environment test was carried out in the building wind tunnel laboratory, and the wind speed ratio of each measuring point under different wind direction angles near the ground around the 8 new towers built by the project was obtained. Based on the meteorological data of the new project, the wind environment of the pedestrian height of the residential area formed by the project is analyzed and evaluated according to the evaluation indexes. From the test results, it can be seen that because there are more buildings around the project, the building density is large, the distribution of wind speed ratio is not strong, but generally speaking, the larger wind speed ratio is basically distributed in the passageway through the building and the corner of the high-rise building. Finally, through the study of residential wind environment of this project, to find the general rules of wind environment in residential buildings, and put forward some suggestions on the planning and design strategies of improving residential wind environment, to the real estate industry, The early planning and design of green building has certain reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TU973.32
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