本文選題：貸款結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點：績效　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國商業(yè)銀行在促成混業(yè)經(jīng)營的道路上走得非常謹(jǐn)慎,可以預(yù)見在不遠(yuǎn)的將來,存貸款利息差即利息凈收入仍然會是我國商業(yè)銀行的主要經(jīng)營收入來源,而貸款也將持續(xù)成為銀行經(jīng)營收入的最重要支撐,貸款安全也是銀行面臨的首要問題。目前已有很多學(xué)者關(guān)于貸款結(jié)構(gòu)對銀行績效的影響做出了研究,其中期限結(jié)構(gòu)、擔(dān)保結(jié)構(gòu)、地域結(jié)構(gòu)、行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和客戶結(jié)構(gòu)對績效的影響最為明顯。 本文參考了之前學(xué)者對貸款結(jié)構(gòu)的劃分,結(jié)合銀行業(yè)第一手資料,對貸款結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了更加詳實的分類,貸款可以按照業(yè)務(wù)類型、擔(dān)保類型、地域、行業(yè)、期限、剩余期限與風(fēng)險程度等進(jìn)行分類。此外本文還將我國16家上市銀行分為國有商業(yè)銀行、股份制商業(yè)銀行和城市商業(yè)銀行,并對其各類別的貸款結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了說明,得出結(jié)論為按業(yè)務(wù)類型分類時公司貸款額度較大、個人貸款增長速度快；按擔(dān)保類型分類時抵押貸款與信用貸款額度較大、增長速度較快；按地域分類時沿海發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的貸款額度較大,但欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的貸款增長速度較快；按行業(yè)分類時制造、能源、交通運(yùn)輸、房地產(chǎn)等行業(yè)額度較大；最后,貸款前十大客戶的比例在逐年下降。 在實證中本文獨創(chuàng)了業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)、擔(dān)保結(jié)構(gòu)模型,借鑒并修改了前人關(guān)于貸款集中度、地域結(jié)構(gòu)和行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的模型,得出結(jié)論如下：業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)與擔(dān)保結(jié)構(gòu)的變化對銀行績效并沒有太大影響；貸款集中度越大則績效越小風(fēng)險越大；向發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)投放的貸款比例增加會使績效下降；制造業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)等對績效有負(fù)面影響,能源業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)業(yè)、建筑業(yè)、科教文衛(wèi)等對績效有正面影一響；最大十家客戶貸款余額占比越大則績效越大同時風(fēng)險也越大。 結(jié)合我國目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與本文的定性與定量分析,本文對商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營發(fā)展給出如下建議：加大對欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的貸款投放力度、優(yōu)化不同行業(yè)間的資金配置、適當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對中小企業(yè)客戶的貸款支持等,以期提高我國商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營績效與競爭力。
[Abstract]:The commercial banks in our country have been very careful in promoting the mixed operation. We can foresee that in the near future, the difference in interest on deposits and loans, that is, the net income from interest, will still be the main source of operating income for commercial banks in China. Loan will continue to be the most important support for bank operating income, and loan safety is also the most important issue facing banks. At present, many scholars have made research on the impact of loan structure on bank performance, among which term structure. The effect of guarantee structure, geographical structure, industry structure and customer structure on performance is most obvious. In this paper, referring to the previous scholars' classification of loan structure, combining with the first-hand information of the banking industry, we have made a more detailed classification of the loan structure. Loans can be classified according to business type, guarantee type, region, industry, duration, etc. In addition, 16 listed banks in China are divided into state-owned commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks and urban commercial banks. The conclusion is that the loan amount of the company is larger and the growth rate of the personal loan is fast when classified by the business type, the mortgage loan and the credit loan amount are larger and the growth rate is faster when classified by the guarantee type. When classified by region, the amount of loans in the developed coastal areas is larger, but the loan growth rate in the less developed areas is faster; the manufacturing, energy, transportation, real estate and other industries are larger in terms of industry classification; and finally, the amount of loans in the manufacturing, energy, transportation and real estate industries is relatively large. The proportion of the top ten customers is declining year by year. In the empirical example, this paper has created the business structure, guarantee structure model, used for reference and modified the previous models on loan concentration, regional structure and industry structure. The conclusions are as follows: the changes in business structure and guarantee structure have no great impact on bank performance; the greater the concentration of loans, the smaller the risk of performance; the higher the proportion of loans to developed regions, the lower the performance. Transportation has a negative impact on performance. Energy industry, real estate, construction, science, education, culture and health have a positive impact on performance. Combined with the present economic development situation of our country and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of this paper, this paper gives the following suggestions for the development of commercial banks: increasing the lending to underdeveloped areas and optimizing the allocation of funds among different industries. In order to improve the performance and competitiveness of Chinese commercial banks, we should strengthen the loan support to small and medium-sized enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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