本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度供給與需求分析　出處：《廈門大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度作為農(nóng)村的基礎(chǔ)制度,對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)乃至國民經(jīng)濟(jì)都有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。1978年開始實行的以家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制為核心的農(nóng)村土地制度改革促進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的迅速發(fā)展,然而隨著社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)的虛置性與殘缺性導(dǎo)致的效率和公平問題日漸突出,對現(xiàn)行農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度進(jìn)行改革的呼聲也不斷高漲,但對于如何改革卻存在諸多爭議。其實農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革路徑的決定力量在于利益集團(tuán)之間的博弈,現(xiàn)行制度安排的巨大收益外部性培育了眾多的既得利益集團(tuán),包括了中央政府、地方政府、農(nóng)村基層干部和房地產(chǎn)商等,農(nóng)地的取得成本低,而轉(zhuǎn)為城市用地的預(yù)期收益高,這些利益集團(tuán)共同分享了本該由“農(nóng)民集體”獲取的收益,由此產(chǎn)生了大量的社會矛盾。要解決這些問題,必須對農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度進(jìn)行深入分析。根據(jù)現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)理論的觀點來看,農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)是多維的,它包含了一系列權(quán)利項,主要有農(nóng)地的所有權(quán)、使用權(quán)、收益權(quán)和處分權(quán)等。本文將運用新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的制度供給與需求的理論對農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)的每一個細(xì)分領(lǐng)域做細(xì)致的研究。 研究內(nèi)容主要包括農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的供給主體分析、農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的供給現(xiàn)狀、農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度需求主體的利益需求分析以及農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度變遷的困境分析。透過這些分析筆者認(rèn)為在我國農(nóng)地制度改革難以有效推進(jìn)的原因在于土地承載的多項職能。例如國家糧食安全保障職能、地方政府財政職能等,這些職能彼此沖突導(dǎo)致了多元主體對農(nóng)民農(nóng)地權(quán)益的爭奪。因此力圖在農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度內(nèi)部完全解決問題并不太可能,農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的變革還需要其他相關(guān)聯(lián)制度的變革作配套。
[Abstract]:Farmland property right system is the basic system in rural areas. In 1978, the rural land system reform with the household contract responsibility system as the core has promoted the rapid development of agricultural production. However, with the development of society and economy, the problem of efficiency and fairness caused by the hypocrisy and invalidity of farmland property right is becoming more and more prominent, and the voice of reforming the current farmland property right system is also rising. However, there are many controversies about how to reform. In fact, the decisive force of the reform path of farmland property right system lies in the game between interest groups. The huge benefit externality of the current system arrangement has cultivated many vested interest groups, including the central government, local government, rural grassroots cadres and real estate developers, and so on, and the cost of obtaining agricultural land is low. But the expected income of turning to urban land is high, these interest groups share the income which should be obtained by "farmer collective" together, thus produced a large number of social contradictions. We should solve these problems. According to the modern theory of property rights, the structure of farmland property rights is multidimensional, which contains a series of rights, mainly the ownership of agricultural land, the right to use. This paper will use the theory of institutional supply and demand in the new institutional economics to make a detailed study on each subdivision of farmland property rights. The content of the study mainly includes the analysis of the supply subject of the farmland property right system and the present situation of the supply of the farmland property right system. Through these analyses, the author thinks that the reason why the reform of farmland system in our country is difficult to carry forward effectively lies in many items of land carrying capacity. Functions. For example, national food security functions. The financial functions of local governments, which conflict with each other, lead to the struggle of multiple subjects for the rights and interests of farmers' farmland. Therefore, it is impossible to solve the problem completely within the farmland property right system. The reform of farmland property right system also needs the other related system reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F321.1

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本文編號：1437894