【摘要】： 本研究的目的是考察3—6歲兒童平分能力以及初步除法能力的發(fā)展水平和年齡特點(diǎn)以及平分能力和除法能力發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系。被試是從上海市兩所一級幼兒園的10個班級中隨機(jī)選取的180名學(xué)前兒童。研究采用的工具是根據(jù)弗萊德曼和陳杰琦等人的研究任務(wù)修改而成。測查主要采用個別面試并結(jié)合觀察記錄兒童在答題過程中的行為來研究兒童的平分能力以及除法能力的發(fā)展情況,并對二者的相關(guān)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析。 本研究的結(jié)果表明：1.3—6歲兒童已經(jīng)有了一定發(fā)展水平的平分能力。2.3—6歲兒童的平分能力存在顯著的年齡差異,但不存在性別差異,兒童的得分隨著年齡增長而增加。3.不同單位的材料對幼兒的平分能力具有一定的影響,兒童在一個單位材料的平分任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)好于兩個單位材料的平分任務(wù),兒童在兩種單位有顏色區(qū)分的任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)好于兩種單位無顏色區(qū)分的任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)。4.3—6歲兒童已經(jīng)有了一定發(fā)展水平的除法能力,其初步除法能力隨著年齡的增長而不斷提高。5.3—6歲兒童初步除法能力存在顯著的年齡差異,但不存在性別差異。6.有無實(shí)物操作對于兒童的初步除法能力的發(fā)展有一定的影響。各個年齡段的兒童在操作后的得分所占總分的百分比與操作前相比有了較大的提高。7.任務(wù)類型(除得盡與除不盡)對兒童初步除法能力的發(fā)展具有影響。各個年齡段的兒童在除得盡的任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)要好于除不盡的任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the developmental level and age characteristics of equal and primary division ability and the relationship between the development of equal division ability and division ability of children aged 3-6 years. The participants were 180 preschool children randomly selected from 10 classes in two first-level kindergartens in Shanghai. The tools used in the study were adapted to Friedman's and Chen's research assignments. The development of children's ability of equal division and division was studied by using individual interview and observing and recording the behavior of children in the process of answering questions, and the correlation between them was analyzed. The results of this study show that 1.Children aged 3-6 years old already have a certain level of development equal ability, 2.3-6 years old children have significant age difference, but there is no gender difference. Children's scores increase with age. Different units of materials have a certain impact on the ability of children to divide equally, children in one unit of material in the equal task better than the two units of material equal task, Children performed better in tasks with color differentiation in two units than in tasks without color discrimination in two units. Children aged 4.3 to 6 had a certain level of development in division. The primary division ability of children aged 5.3-6 years has significant age difference, but there is no gender difference. 6. Physical manipulation has a certain impact on the development of children's primary division ability. The percentage of children in all ages who scored after the operation increased by 7. 7% compared with the total score before the operation. Task types have an impact on the development of children's primary division ability. Children of all ages perform better in the task of elimination than in the task.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：G613.4

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