【摘要】：語(yǔ)言是人類的交際工具、思維武器。人們借助語(yǔ)言交流思想,互相了解;人類文化借助語(yǔ)言得到傳遞和積累;個(gè)人依靠語(yǔ)言接受教育,得以成長(zhǎng);社會(huì)依靠語(yǔ)言使文化代代相傳,從而不斷的向前發(fā)展。因此,年輕一代掌握語(yǔ)言的問(wèn)題受到社會(huì)的特別關(guān)注。那么學(xué)習(xí)本國(guó)語(yǔ)言的最佳期是什么?何時(shí)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)較為恰當(dāng)?本國(guó)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的方向是什么?何種教育方法最有利于語(yǔ)言的獲得?人類心理學(xué)發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期的研究是從奧地利動(dòng)物心理學(xué)家洛倫茲對(duì)動(dòng)物行為發(fā)展規(guī)律的研究開(kāi)始的。他從小鵝和母鵝剛出生的20小時(shí)內(nèi)的接觸研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)了“印刻”現(xiàn)象,即在一定時(shí)期容易形成的反應(yīng)現(xiàn)象叫做“發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期”。重要的是,幾乎所有哺乳動(dòng)物都有這種“關(guān)鍵期”現(xiàn)象。于是,經(jīng)過(guò)研究提出了人類心理發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期理論。所謂人類心理發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期理論是指:人類的某中行為和技能,知識(shí)的掌握,在某個(gè)關(guān)鍵的時(shí)期發(fā)展最快,最容易受影響,一旦錯(cuò)過(guò)這個(gè)時(shí)期,就需要花費(fèi)幾倍的努力才能彌補(bǔ),或者將永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)。 認(rèn)識(shí)人類語(yǔ)言發(fā)展和關(guān)鍵期是重要的,是開(kāi)發(fā)人類潛能培養(yǎng)提高素質(zhì)人才的開(kāi)始。然而更重要的是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造設(shè)計(jì)出一套科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)、操作性強(qiáng)、適應(yīng)性廣的針對(duì)關(guān)鍵期的教育引導(dǎo)方法。國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究表明,5歲半左右是幼兒掌握語(yǔ)法,理解抽象詞匯以及綜合語(yǔ)言能力開(kāi)始形成的關(guān)鍵期。幼兒園時(shí)期的生活是人終身語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的最重要最快的時(shí)期,每時(shí)、每刻、每一事物、每一活動(dòng)都要關(guān)注語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展。同時(shí),語(yǔ)言能力也是智力結(jié)構(gòu)的最主要的基礎(chǔ)能力,對(duì)人類的其他能力的發(fā)展起著決定性的作用。于是,我經(jīng)過(guò)廣泛的調(diào)查、學(xué)習(xí)、研究得出了在幼兒語(yǔ)言發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期進(jìn)行全面語(yǔ)言教育的結(jié)論,即幼兒期要在生活的全方位中發(fā)展言語(yǔ),以言語(yǔ)的習(xí)得為本為主,以學(xué)得為輔,同時(shí)關(guān)注與小學(xué)語(yǔ)文的銜接。本文便是從語(yǔ)言獲得和發(fā)展的角度,闡述了全面進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言教育是怎樣發(fā)展幼兒語(yǔ)言的,他們的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展包括那些方面。 對(duì)幼兒語(yǔ)言發(fā)展關(guān)鍵期進(jìn)行全面語(yǔ)言教育的研究還處在初級(jí)階段,我的認(rèn)識(shí)還有待進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)、提高和完善、深入。期待我不斷的研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)転橛變赫Z(yǔ)言一生的發(fā)展帶來(lái)裨益。
[Abstract]:Language is the communication tool and thinking weapon of human beings. People use language to exchange ideas and understand each other; human culture is transmitted and accumulated by language; individuals rely on language education to grow; society relies on language to make culture pass on from generation to generation. Therefore, the problem of the young generation mastering the language has been paid special attention by the society. So what is the best time to learn your own language? When is it more appropriate to start learning? What is the direction of the development of the native language? What methods of education are most conducive to language acquisition? The research on the key period of the development of human psychology begins with the research on the law of animal behavior development by Austrian animal psychologist Lorenz. In his contact study of geese and geese within 20 hours of their birth, he discovered the "engraving" phenomenon, which is known as the "critical period of development", which is easily formed at a certain time. Importantly, almost all mammals have this "critical period" phenomenon. Therefore, through the research, proposed the human psychological development key period theory. The theory of the critical period of human psychological development refers to the theory that human behavior and skills, knowledge mastery, are the fastest growing and most susceptible to influence in a certain critical period. Once this period is missed, it will take several times as much effort to make up for it. Or will never be able to make up for it. It is important to understand the development and critical period of human language, and it is the beginning of developing human potential and cultivating qualified personnel. However, it is more important to create and design a scientific, systematic, operational, adaptable education guidance method for key periods. Studies at home and abroad show that about five and a half years old is the key period for children to master grammar, understand abstract vocabulary and integrate language ability. Kindergarten life is the most important and fastest period for the development of human lifelong language, every time, every moment, every thing, every activity should pay attention to the development of language. At the same time, language ability is the most important basic ability of intelligence structure, which plays a decisive role in the development of other human abilities. As a result, after extensive investigation and study, I came to the conclusion that we should carry out comprehensive language education in the critical period of young children's language development, that is, we should develop speech in all aspects of our lives, focusing on the acquisition of speech, and taking learning as a supplement. At the same time pay attention to the link with primary school language. From the perspective of language acquisition and development, this paper expounds how to develop young children's language through comprehensive language education, and what aspects are included in their language learning and development. The study of comprehensive language education in the key period of children's language development is still in the primary stage, and my understanding needs to be further understood, improved and improved. I look forward to my continuous research and experiments for the development of young children's language life benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：G613.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 韓明月;延吉市朝鮮族幼兒家庭親子閱讀教育研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2007年

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本文編號(hào)：2293545