【摘要】：改變傳統(tǒng)的心理健康服務(wù)機(jī)制,從注重個(gè)別干預(yù)轉(zhuǎn)向倡導(dǎo)全民預(yù)防,是近年來(lái)國(guó)外學(xué)校心理健康教育的一大趨勢(shì)。美國(guó)"強(qiáng)健開端"課程立足于全體兒童,通過(guò)10個(gè)單元的基本課程和兩個(gè)可選擇的強(qiáng)化課程,教授兒童關(guān)鍵的社會(huì)情緒概念和應(yīng)對(duì)策略,提高兒童的社會(huì)情緒能力,有助于降低兒童社會(huì)和情緒問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)的可能性。這一課程在實(shí)踐中被證明是科學(xué)有效和便于實(shí)施的。美國(guó)"強(qiáng)健開端"課程同時(shí)還開發(fā)了基于優(yōu)勢(shì)評(píng)價(jià)的"社會(huì)情緒優(yōu)勢(shì)和心理彈性量表",將對(duì)兒童社會(huì)情緒能力的評(píng)價(jià)與干預(yù)和心理健康促進(jìn)有效地結(jié)合起來(lái)。美國(guó)"強(qiáng)健開端"課程在強(qiáng)調(diào)兒童社會(huì)認(rèn)知、情感和行為發(fā)展的一致性、關(guān)注兒童社會(huì)情緒能力的發(fā)展、注重兒童對(duì)真實(shí)生活世界的體驗(yàn)等方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)于我國(guó)幼兒園社會(huì)教育具有重要的啟示。
[Abstract]:It is a trend of mental health education in foreign countries in recent years to change the traditional mental health service mechanism from paying attention to individual intervention to advocating universal prevention. The "strong start" course in the United States, which is based on all children, teaches children key social emotional concepts and coping strategies through 10 modules of basic courses and two optional intensive courses to improve children's social emotional ability. Help reduce the likelihood of social and emotional problems in children. The course has proved to be scientifically effective and easy to implement in practice. The "strong start" course in the United States also developed the Social emotional advantage and resilience scale based on superiority evaluation, which effectively combines the evaluation of children's social emotional ability with intervention and the promotion of mental health. The "strong start" course in the United States emphasizes the consistency of children's social cognition, emotional and behavioral development, and focuses on the development of children's social emotional abilities. Paying attention to children's experience in real life world has important enlightenment for kindergarten social education in our country.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)教育科學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：中國(guó)教育科學(xué)研究院基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)基金課題“兒童社會(huì)情緒能力發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查”(編號(hào):GY2014XDY58)
【分類號(hào)】：G612

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