【摘要】： 侗族嬰幼兒家庭教育在本民族發(fā)展歷史上發(fā)揮著巨大的作用,尤其是在專門的幼兒教育機構(gòu)尚未建立起的侗族傳統(tǒng)社會中,家庭幾乎獨自承擔(dān)了嬰幼兒教育的全部重任。一代代侗族父母正是通過家庭教育使子女完成了最初的社會化和民族化,培養(yǎng)出了符合社會規(guī)范的合格的繼替者,從而保證了侗文化得以傳承和本民族能夠后繼有人。 侗族人民在長期的家教實踐中也總結(jié)出了具有本民族特色的家庭教育經(jīng)驗和傳統(tǒng),它們不僅是侗族文化的重要組成部分,也是我國少數(shù)民族家庭教育寶庫中不可或缺的內(nèi)容,但隨著歷史的發(fā)展、社會的變遷,這些家教傳統(tǒng)中的許多內(nèi)容正經(jīng)歷著變更、消亡,所以對它們進行及時的挖掘和整理是十分必要且意義重大的,這將有助于侗族家庭教育傳統(tǒng)文化的保護、繼承和發(fā)揚。 但同時必須看到由于受當(dāng)時生產(chǎn)力水平低、認識能力有限等客觀條件的影響,這些家教傳統(tǒng)中不可避免地夾雜著許多消極的成分,因此我們也需要對它們進行仔細的研究、甄別,分析各種家教活動給嬰幼兒身心發(fā)展帶來怎樣的影響,為傳承中的揚棄工作提供一個評判的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 廣西三江縣是全國侗族自治縣中侗族人口最多的一個縣,而且位于傳統(tǒng)文化保留相對完整的南部侗族地區(qū),具有較強的代表性,因此筆者選擇此地的侗族嬰幼兒家庭教育作為研究對象,通過采用田野調(diào)查法和文獻法,梳理總結(jié)出了三江縣侗族家庭嬰幼兒教育傳統(tǒng),并運用家庭教育學(xué)、發(fā)展心理學(xué)方面的理論對其進行了解讀,分析了這些家教傳統(tǒng)對嬰幼兒身心發(fā)展所帶來的各種正向或負向的影響,并試圖找出其中值得我們學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒的內(nèi)容。 文章共分為五個部分。第一部分緒論中包括本文的選題緣由、核心概念界定、侗族和三江的概況以及本文研究方法等四個方面的內(nèi)容。 第二部分主要分析三江侗族傳統(tǒng)的婚姻家庭制度對嬰幼兒家庭教育所帶來的影響,其中最突出的一點體現(xiàn)在侗族傳統(tǒng)婚俗突出了生育目的,強調(diào)了父母的責(zé)任,保證了雙系撫育的長期實現(xiàn)。 第三部分的研究重點是三江侗族家庭在子女胎兒期、嬰兒期所進行的保育活動,分析它們對兒童身心發(fā)展所帶來的影響。 第四部分把三江侗族傳統(tǒng)的家庭教育內(nèi)容分成了六個方面,依次分析了每一部分家教活動中所運用的具體方法及給兒童帶來的各種影響。 最后的結(jié)語部分是筆者對全文進行的思考和總結(jié),并指出了文章的局限和不足所在。
[Abstract]:The family education of children and young children of Dong nationality plays a great role in the history of the development of their own nation, especially in the traditional society of Dong nationality, which has not been established by special institutions of early childhood education, the family has assumed almost all the important tasks of infant and early childhood education alone. It is through family education that the parents of Dong nationality in one generation completed the initial socialization and nationalization of their children, and cultivated qualified successors in line with social norms, thus ensuring the inheritance of Dong culture and the successor of their own nation. In the long-term practice of family education, the Dong people have also summed up the family education experiences and traditions with their own national characteristics. They are not only an important part of the Dong culture, but also an indispensable content in the treasure house of family education for ethnic minorities in China. However, with the development of history and the change of society, many of the contents of these traditions are undergoing changes and demise, so it is very necessary and significant to excavate and organize them in a timely manner. This will help Dong family education traditional culture protection, inheritance and development. But at the same time, we must also see that due to the low level of productivity at the time, limited cognitive capacity and other objective conditions, these traditions inevitably contain a lot of negative elements, so we also need to study them carefully. To screen and analyze the influence of all kinds of tutoring activities on infant's physical and mental development, and to provide a standard of judgment for the inheritance and abandonment of infant's body and mind. Sanjiang County, Guangxi, is one of the counties with the largest Dong population in the Dong Autonomous County of China, and it is located in the southern Dong minority area where the traditional culture is relatively intact, and it has a strong representation. Therefore, the author chose the family education of Dong nationality as the research object, and summarized the tradition of family education of Dong nationality in Sanjiang County by using field investigation and literature method, and applied family pedagogy. Based on the theory of developmental psychology, this paper analyzes the positive or negative effects of these traditions on the physical and mental development of infants and young children, and tries to find out the contents worthy of our study and reference. The article is divided into five parts. The first part of the introduction includes the reasons for choosing the topic, the definition of the core concept, the general situation of Dong nationality and Sanjiang, and the research methods of this paper. The second part mainly analyzes the influence of Sanjiang Dong nationality's traditional marriage and family system on infant's family education, in which the most prominent point is that the traditional marriage custom of Dong nationality highlights the purpose of childbearing and emphasizes the responsibility of parents. The long-term realization of bilineage is guaranteed. The third part focuses on the nursing activities of Sanjiang Dong family during their childbearing and infancy, and analyzes their influence on children's physical and mental development. The fourth part divides the traditional family education contents of Sanjiang Dong nationality into six aspects, and analyzes the concrete methods used in each part of the family education activities and the various influences on children in turn. The last part of the conclusion is the author's thinking and summary of the full text, and points out the limitations and shortcomings of the article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：G78

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