懷特海的大學(xué)教育思想及對(duì)我國大學(xué)改革的啟示
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-10 22:56
【摘要】：艾爾弗雷德·諾思·懷特海（Alfred North Whitehead,1861--1947）出身于教育世家，一生致力于教育事業(yè)，先后在劍橋大學(xué)、倫敦大學(xué)和哈佛大學(xué)任教，從教50余年。懷特海的教育思想在歐美教育界產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，但是國內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)其大學(xué)教育思想進(jìn)行研究的卻較少。因此，本文想對(duì)懷特海的大學(xué)教育思想進(jìn)行較為深入地研究，，論文共分四章： 第一章為緒論，闡述對(duì)懷特海大學(xué)教育思想進(jìn)行研究的緣起和國內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀、闡述了本選題研究的理論意義和實(shí)踐意義以及本文的創(chuàng)新之處。 第二章從有機(jī)哲學(xué)的視角挖掘懷特海大學(xué)教育思想的理論根基。主要內(nèi)容包括：過程性原理、相關(guān)性原理和創(chuàng)造性原理。 第三章是本論文的主體部分，對(duì)出現(xiàn)在《教育的目的》和《懷特海文錄》中大學(xué)教育思想進(jìn)行了探討和梳理，涉及了大學(xué)教育的目的、大學(xué)教育的作用、大學(xué)課程的設(shè)置原則、大學(xué)教育的原則及大學(xué)的管理這五個(gè)方面。 第一方面論述了“要培養(yǎng)既有文化又有專業(yè)知識(shí)的人才”的大學(xué)教育目的，分析了有文化和有專業(yè)知識(shí)的涵義。 第二方面探討了大學(xué)教育對(duì)社會(huì)的三個(gè)作用：大學(xué)要融合各種進(jìn)步活動(dòng)以促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步、為文明世界培養(yǎng)知識(shí)分子先鋒、在知識(shí)和追求生命的熱情之間建起橋梁；以及大學(xué)教育對(duì)人的三個(gè)作用：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力和探險(xiǎn)精神、為學(xué)生提供充滿智慧的想象力、鼓勵(lì)和促進(jìn)學(xué)生的“自我發(fā)展”。 第三方面探討了懷特海大學(xué)課程設(shè)置的三個(gè)原則：大學(xué)的課程設(shè)置要符合教育節(jié)奏、大學(xué)的課程體現(xiàn)知識(shí)的完整性、大學(xué)的課程要面向生活世界。這種課程設(shè)置原則的提出或許是基于有機(jī)哲學(xué)的過程性和整體性。 第四方面探討了大學(xué)教育的三個(gè)原則：以充滿想像力的方式傳授知識(shí)；引導(dǎo)的方式進(jìn)行教學(xué)；讓學(xué)生擺脫細(xì)節(jié)、掌握原理。 第五方面是關(guān)于懷特海在大學(xué)管理方面的觀點(diǎn)：一是實(shí)行民主管理和學(xué)術(shù)自由。因?yàn)閼烟睾ＵJ(rèn)為教師的意見以及熱情是辦好大學(xué)的惟一有效保證，且自由的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境有助于產(chǎn)生個(gè)性化的精神產(chǎn)品；二是要建設(shè)高素質(zhì)的教師隊(duì)伍。懷特海教育思想中的高素質(zhì)教師要具備有想象力的學(xué)術(shù)知識(shí)、能在生活中喚起智慧和美、能使知識(shí)保持活力；三是制定個(gè)性化教師評(píng)價(jià)方式并注重其精神產(chǎn)品中所體現(xiàn)的思想價(jià)值。懷特海認(rèn)為個(gè)性化的教師評(píng)價(jià)方式才能適合某些思想極為豐富的人，而且他還提出對(duì)教師群體總效率的一種恰當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)估方法，即從總體上看它以論文專著形式所體現(xiàn)的在思想方面的貢獻(xiàn)。 第四章筆者借鑒懷特海的大學(xué)教育思想，結(jié)合我國大學(xué)教育的現(xiàn)狀，提出了五個(gè)對(duì)我國大學(xué)改革方面的啟示：大學(xué)應(yīng)培養(yǎng)有文化的大學(xué)生；大學(xué)應(yīng)追求整合教育；大學(xué)教學(xué)應(yīng)以充滿想象力的方式傳授知識(shí)；大學(xué)應(yīng)在知識(shí)和追求生命的熱情之間架起橋梁；大學(xué)管理要去商業(yè)化、行政化。 懷特海的大學(xué)教育思想是具有創(chuàng)造性的，是建立在他的有機(jī)哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)之上的，攝入了教育思想，進(jìn)行了觀念的冒險(xiǎn)后而生成的，讓我們體味了二十世紀(jì)教育思想的卓越建樹，正是這些思想理論將幫助我們觀察、洞悉和分析近百年來我國大學(xué)的教育思想和教育實(shí)踐，從而有力地推進(jìn)今天大學(xué)教育的革新活動(dòng)！
[Abstract]:Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) was born in a family of education and devoted his life to the cause of education, and taught at the University of Cambridge, University of London and Harvard for more than 50 years. The educational thought of Whitehead has a profound influence on the educational circles in Europe and the United States, but the domestic scholars have little research on the educational thought of the university. Therefore, this paper is to carry on a more in-depth study of the university education thought of Whitehead, and the thesis is divided into four chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, and expounds the origin and the domestic research of the research on the education thought of the University of Whitehead. In this paper, the theoretical and practical significance of the research on this topic and the innovation in this paper are expounded. The second chapter: The second chapter, from the perspective of the organic philosophy, digs the theory of the education thought of the University of Whitehead. On the basis of theory, the main contents include: the process principle, the principle of relativity and the creation The third chapter is the main part of this thesis, discusses and combs the idea of university education in the purpose of "education" and "Whitehead of Whitehead", and relates to the purpose of university education, the role of university education and the course of university. The principle of setting up, the principle of university education and the management of university In the first part, the purpose of the "to train talented people with both cultural and professional knowledge" 's university education is discussed, and the culture and the existence are analyzed The second aspect discusses the three functions of the university education to the society: the university should integrate various progress activities to promote the social progress, develop the intellectual pioneer in the civilized world, build a bridge between the knowledge and the enthusiasm for the life, and the university The three functions of education: to train the students' creativity and the spirit of exploration, to provide students with the imagination of wisdom, to encourage and promote the students' "trunk>" self-development The third aspect of nt ". The third aspect discusses the three principles of the curriculum setting of the University of Whitehead: the curriculum of the university should conform to the educational rhythm, and the course of the university reflects the integrity of the knowledge. The course of learning is to face the world of life. This course set-up may be based on the existence of The process and the integrity of the philosophy of the machine. The fourth aspect discusses the three principles of the university education: the teaching of knowledge in a way of imagination, and the way of guiding. Let the students get out of the details and master the principles. The fifth is about the view of Whitehead in the management of the university. The first is to carry out democratic management and academic freedom. Because the Whitehead thinks the teacher's opinion and the enthusiasm are the only effective guarantee for the university, and the free academic environment can help to produce the individualized spiritual production The second is to build a high-quality teaching staff. The high-quality teachers in Whitehead's education thought should have the academic knowledge of imagination, to arouse the wisdom and beauty in life, to keep the knowledge alive, and to develop a personalized teacher evaluation mode and note The thought value embodied in the product of the heavy spirit is the thought value embodied in the spirit product. The Whitehead thinks that the individual teacher evaluation method can be suitable for people with very rich thought, and he also puts forward an appropriate evaluation method for the total efficiency of the teachers' group, that is, it is in the paper. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward five enlightenments to the reform of the university in the light of the current situation of the university education in the Huaihai University, which should be developed by the university. A culture of college students; the university should pursue the whole education; the university teaching should teach the knowledge in an imaginative way; the university should stand between the enthusiasm of the knowledge and the pursuit of life As a bridge, the university management is to be commercialized and administrative. The university education idea of the Whitehead is creative and is built on the basis of his organic philosophy, taking the education thought and taking the risk of the idea. It is precisely these theories that will help us to observe, understand and analyze the educational thought and educational practice of our university in the last hundred years.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G640
本文編號(hào)：2496793
[Abstract]:Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) was born in a family of education and devoted his life to the cause of education, and taught at the University of Cambridge, University of London and Harvard for more than 50 years. The educational thought of Whitehead has a profound influence on the educational circles in Europe and the United States, but the domestic scholars have little research on the educational thought of the university. Therefore, this paper is to carry on a more in-depth study of the university education thought of Whitehead, and the thesis is divided into four chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, and expounds the origin and the domestic research of the research on the education thought of the University of Whitehead. In this paper, the theoretical and practical significance of the research on this topic and the innovation in this paper are expounded. The second chapter: The second chapter, from the perspective of the organic philosophy, digs the theory of the education thought of the University of Whitehead. On the basis of theory, the main contents include: the process principle, the principle of relativity and the creation The third chapter is the main part of this thesis, discusses and combs the idea of university education in the purpose of "education" and "Whitehead of Whitehead", and relates to the purpose of university education, the role of university education and the course of university. The principle of setting up, the principle of university education and the management of university In the first part, the purpose of the "to train talented people with both cultural and professional knowledge" 's university education is discussed, and the culture and the existence are analyzed The second aspect discusses the three functions of the university education to the society: the university should integrate various progress activities to promote the social progress, develop the intellectual pioneer in the civilized world, build a bridge between the knowledge and the enthusiasm for the life, and the university The three functions of education: to train the students' creativity and the spirit of exploration, to provide students with the imagination of wisdom, to encourage and promote the students' "trunk>" self-development The third aspect of nt ". The third aspect discusses the three principles of the curriculum setting of the University of Whitehead: the curriculum of the university should conform to the educational rhythm, and the course of the university reflects the integrity of the knowledge. The course of learning is to face the world of life. This course set-up may be based on the existence of The process and the integrity of the philosophy of the machine. The fourth aspect discusses the three principles of the university education: the teaching of knowledge in a way of imagination, and the way of guiding. Let the students get out of the details and master the principles. The fifth is about the view of Whitehead in the management of the university. The first is to carry out democratic management and academic freedom. Because the Whitehead thinks the teacher's opinion and the enthusiasm are the only effective guarantee for the university, and the free academic environment can help to produce the individualized spiritual production The second is to build a high-quality teaching staff. The high-quality teachers in Whitehead's education thought should have the academic knowledge of imagination, to arouse the wisdom and beauty in life, to keep the knowledge alive, and to develop a personalized teacher evaluation mode and note The thought value embodied in the product of the heavy spirit is the thought value embodied in the spirit product. The Whitehead thinks that the individual teacher evaluation method can be suitable for people with very rich thought, and he also puts forward an appropriate evaluation method for the total efficiency of the teachers' group, that is, it is in the paper. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward five enlightenments to the reform of the university in the light of the current situation of the university education in the Huaihai University, which should be developed by the university. A culture of college students; the university should pursue the whole education; the university teaching should teach the knowledge in an imaginative way; the university should stand between the enthusiasm of the knowledge and the pursuit of life As a bridge, the university management is to be commercialized and administrative. The university education idea of the Whitehead is creative and is built on the basis of his organic philosophy, taking the education thought and taking the risk of the idea. It is precisely these theories that will help us to observe, understand and analyze the educational thought and educational practice of our university in the last hundred years.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G640
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 桑國元;;對(duì)中國現(xiàn)代教育的理性思考——懷特海過程教育哲學(xué)的視角[J];當(dāng)代教育科學(xué);2006年11期
2 梁卿;;論懷特海的教育目的觀[J];天津工程師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年03期
本文編號(hào)：2496793
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