【摘要】：生活方式是人們依據一定的文化模式為滿足自身的生活需要而運用社會環(huán)境提供的各種物質和精神文化資源的活動方式和“配置”方式。日常生活方式與健康、體質之間有著緊密的聯系，日常生活方式對體質、健康的水平有非常重要的影響。湘西地區(qū)普通高校大學生來自不同民族和不同地區(qū)，各民族各地區(qū)大學生之間由于宗教信仰、社會環(huán)境的不同，，加之生活環(huán)境、地理環(huán)境、民族習俗等方面的差異，造成了他們的日常生活方式很多的不同。1985年至現在的20多年，國家對學生體質與健康先后進行了六次全國大規(guī)模的調研工作，這表明學生體質狀況受到國家的高度重視，但就我國目前的體質狀況而言任然存在很多問題，尤其在生活方式方面存在較大的地方差異。 湘西地區(qū)大學生BMI類型不太樂觀，低體重和超重的檢出率很高，雖然營養(yǎng)不良和肥胖的比例不是很高，但這種現象仍然存在。男生的低體重比例低于女生。男生的超重及肥胖比例高于女生。 為此，有必要對湘西地區(qū)大學生的生活方式，以及生活方式與他們的BMI分型狀況的差異性進行深入細致的研究。本文以湘西地區(qū)普通高校大學生為研究對象，了解湘西地區(qū)普通高校大學生不同BMI類型與生活方式的現狀，探討大學生不良生活方式與BMI類型之間差異性問題。研究結果表明： 湘西地區(qū)大學生存在很多不良的生活習慣，如男生的吸煙、飲酒、不吃早餐、長時間的上網及不注重個人衛(wèi)生。女生的吃辛辣食品及不鍛煉情況都很嚴重。 湘西地區(qū)大學生的生活方式與BMI類型之間存在一定的差異性，不吃早餐的患營養(yǎng)不良及肥胖的概率很高，愛吃辛辣食品的營養(yǎng)不良及低體重的檢出率很高，不鍛煉的大學生，肥胖及營養(yǎng)不良的檢出率很高，上網時間及網齡越長的肥胖的概率很高，打掃宿舍衛(wèi)生周期越長的，超重及肥胖的概率越高。睡眠時間與BMI類型之間存在負相關。 建議：加強對大學生體質健康的研究，加大政府資金的投入,加大學校體育場地設施建設,優(yōu)化體育教學方法、豐富體育教學內容,建立健康生活方式標準、并納入學生培養(yǎng)計劃,加強健康教育，普及健康知識,將有利于湘西地區(qū)大學生不良生活方式的改善。
[Abstract]:Life style is the way of activities and "disposition" that people use all kinds of material and spiritual cultural resources provided by social environment in order to meet the needs of their own life according to a certain cultural model. There is close relation between daily life style and health and constitution. Daily life style has very important influence on constitution and health level. Ordinary college students in western Hunan come from different nationalities and different regions. Because of the differences in religious beliefs, social environment, living environment, geographical environment, national customs and so on, In the more than 20 years from 1985 to now, the state has carried out six large-scale national investigations on students' physique and health, which shows that the state attaches great importance to the students' physical condition. However, there are still many problems in our country's current physical condition, especially in the way of life. The BMI type of college students in western Hunan is not optimistic, the detection rate of low weight and overweight is very high, although the ratio of malnutrition and obesity is not very high, this phenomenon still exists. The proportion of boys with low body weight is lower than that of girls. The proportion of overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that in girls. Therefore, it is necessary to study the lifestyle of college students in western Hunan and the difference between life style and their BMI classification. This paper takes ordinary college students in western Hunan as the research object to understand the current situation of different BMI types and lifestyle of college students in Xiangxi area and to discuss the difference between the bad life style and the BMI type of college students. The results show that there are many bad living habits of college students in western Hunan, such as smoking, drinking, skipping breakfast, surfing the Internet for a long time and not paying attention to personal hygiene. Girls eat spicy food and do not exercise is very serious. There is a certain difference between the lifestyle of college students and the type of BMI in western Hunan. The probability of malnutrition and obesity is very high for those who do not eat breakfast, the detection rate of malnutrition and low body weight for those who love spicy food is very high, the college students who do not exercise are very high. The detection rate of obesity and malnutrition is very high, the probability of obesity is very high for the longer online time and age, the longer the cleaning cycle is, the higher the probability of overweight and obesity is. There was a negative correlation between sleep time and BMI type. The suggestions are: to strengthen the research on the physical health of college students, to increase the investment of government funds, to increase the construction of school sports venues and facilities, to optimize the teaching methods of physical education, to enrich the contents of physical education teaching, and to establish the standard of healthy way of life. It is beneficial to improve the bad life style of the college students in western Hunan province by incorporating the student training plan, strengthening the health education and popularizing the health knowledge.
【學位授予單位】：吉首大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G645.5

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