本文選題：博茨瓦納 + 高等院校��； 參考：《浙江師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在當前我國高等學校課程改革的背景下,課程設置研究的重要性越來越受到關注。同為發(fā)展中國家的博茨瓦納,其高等院校課程設置的經(jīng)驗與教訓都是值得我國高校深思的。 本研究主要以博茨瓦納高等院校的課程設置為研究對象,運用文獻研究、歷史研究和比較研究等研究方法,對博茨瓦納高等院校課程設置的演進進行了梳理,并以課程設置的目標、結構、內(nèi)容、實施和課程考核為分析比較的維度對博茨瓦納公、私立高等院校課程設置的現(xiàn)狀與特點進行了深入分析,以及進一步探討了博茨瓦納高等院校課程設置的新發(fā)展。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),依據(jù)高等院校的發(fā)展歷程,博茨瓦納高等院校課程設置的演進可以分為四個階段：以宗教主導為特點的庇護十二世學院時期(1945-1964)；以國家合作辦學為特點的聯(lián)合大學時期(1964-1982)；以院校建設為特點的高等院校逐步發(fā)展時期(1982-2006)；以及以市場導向為特點的高等院校大發(fā)展時期(2006至今)。博茨瓦納公立高等院校課程設置的現(xiàn)狀與特點,在課程目標上表現(xiàn)為致力于培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展和具有國際視野的人才；在課程結構上表現(xiàn)為通識課程實施不到位,核心課程比重偏大,選修課程門類漸增,實踐性課程與理論性課程相結合；在課程內(nèi)容上主要表現(xiàn)為重視基礎理論性課程、跨學科性、國際化和本土化；在課程實施與考核上表現(xiàn)為形式靈活多樣。不同于公立高等院校,博茨瓦納私立高等院校課程設置的現(xiàn)狀與特點,在課程目標上側重于培養(yǎng)具有就業(yè)能力和適應市場需要的人才；在課程結構上表現(xiàn)為重專業(yè)課程輕通識課程,多核心課程少選修課程；在課程內(nèi)容上表現(xiàn)為國際化與職業(yè)化；在課程實施與考核上表現(xiàn)為形式較為單一。此外,博茨瓦納高等院校課程設置還有一些新發(fā)展,主要表現(xiàn)為創(chuàng)業(yè)教育課程的發(fā)展；對技術教育與職業(yè)培訓課程的重視；HIV/AIDS教育課程的實施；設置信息技術類課程的傾向。 最后,本研究對博茨瓦納高等院校的課程設置進行了總結與思考。本文認為在處理教育模式中的“西方化”與“本土化”方面,對博茨瓦納高等院校來說,加強能力建設并基于本土知識的價值開發(fā)課程是重要的；在處理高等教育與工作世界的關系方面,博茨瓦納高等院校應當在人才培養(yǎng)目標中兼顧人文教育與職業(yè)教育的需要,保持與工作世界的平衡關系；在為新課程提供課程資源方面,博茨瓦納高等院校可以根據(jù)各地和各校的實際情況,發(fā)掘校內(nèi)外課程資源。 從對博茨瓦納高等院校課程設置的總結與思考中,反觀我國高校課程設置的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀：首先,在課程國際化與本土化的關系問題上,我國高校要充分發(fā)掘本民族的文化精髓,形成富有本民族特色的課程改革思想與大學課程文化。其次,在通識課程設置問題上,我國高校要深化通識教育改革,加強通識課程的知識內(nèi)涵與深度,回歸人本身,為終身學習奠基。第三,在必修課與選修課比例問題上,我國高校在增設選修課的同時注意與必修課間的聯(lián)系,保證知識的完整性和相對穩(wěn)定性。最后,在理論性課程與實踐性課程比例問題上,我國高校要做到使學生既有理論的深度又有實踐的廣度。
[Abstract]:In the background of curriculum reform in China ' s colleges and universities , the importance of curriculum setup research has become more and more concerned . The experience and lessons of the curriculum setup in Botswana and its institutions of higher learning in developing countries are worthy of our universities ' deep thinking .

This research is mainly based on the research object of the course of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , uses the research methods of literature research , historical research and comparative study , and makes a thorough analysis on the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement in Botswana public and private higher education institutions by means of literature research , historical research and comparative study , and further discusses the new development of the curriculum setting of Botswana higher education institutions .

It is found that according to the development course of higher education institutions , the evolution of curriculum arrangement in Botswana ' s higher education institutions can be divided into four stages : the period of asylum - XII college with religious dominance ( 1945 - 1964 ) ;
Joint university period characterized by national cooperative school running ( 1964 - 1982 ) ;
The Development Period of Colleges and Universities with the Characteristics of University Construction ( 1982 - 2006 ) ;
The present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of the public higher education institutions of Botswana , which is characterized by market orientation , is characterized by the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of the public higher education institutions of Botswana , which is characterized by its commitment to the cultivation of all - round development and people with international vision ;
In the course structure , the implementation of general course is not in place , the proportion of core curriculum is large , the course of elective course is increasing , and the practical course is combined with the theoretical curriculum ;
On the content of the course , we attach importance to the basic theory course , interdisciplinary , internationalization and localization ;
In the course implementation and assessment , there are various forms of flexibility , which is different from the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of private higher education institutions and Botswana private colleges , and focuses on the training of talents with the ability of employment and the needs of the market .
In the course structure , the curriculum structure is featured as the light general course of the heavy professional course , and the multi - core curriculum is subject to fewer elective courses ;
On the course content , it shows internationalization and professionalism ;
In addition , there are some new developments in the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , mainly in the development of entrepreneurship education curriculum ;
To attach importance to technical education and vocational training courses ;
Implementation of HIV / AIDS education curriculum ;
Sets the tendency of information technology class courses .

Finally , this paper summarizes and thinks about the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions . In this paper , it is important to strengthen the capacity - building and develop the curriculum based on local knowledge in the aspects of " western " and " localization " in the education model .
In dealing with the relationship between the higher education and the working world , Botswana ' s higher education institutions should take into account the needs of the humanities education and vocational education in the target of personnel training , and maintain the balance with the working world ;
In the provision of curriculum resources for new courses , Botswana ' s higher education institutions can explore the resources of internal and external curriculum based on the actual situation of various schools and schools .

Based on the summing - up and thinking of the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , the present situation of the curriculum reform in our country is : Firstly , in the relationship between internationalization and localization of curriculum , our universities should fully explore the cultural essence of our nation and form the course reform thought and the university course culture with the characteristic of this nationality . Secondly , in the course of the course setting , our universities should deepen the reform of general education , strengthen the knowledge connotation and depth of the course , and ensure the integrity and relative stability of knowledge . At last , in theory course and practical course ratio problem , our universities should make the students have both theoretical and practical breadth .
【學位授予單位】：浙江師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G642.3

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本文編號：2104176