本文選題：學(xué)分制改革 + 校友創(chuàng)業(yè)�。� 參考：《清華大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：創(chuàng)業(yè)研究是近幾十年來(lái)被廣泛關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域，許多學(xué)者針對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)的很多方面都進(jìn)行了深入的研究，然而大學(xué)教育制度的靈活性與校友創(chuàng)業(yè)的關(guān)系是很少被涉及的一個(gè)方面。本文在中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)各方面發(fā)生巨大變化的背景下研究大學(xué)教育制度的靈活性對(duì)校友創(chuàng)業(yè)的影響。 通過(guò)對(duì)以往文獻(xiàn)的回顧，本文發(fā)現(xiàn)以往關(guān)于大學(xué)教學(xué)管理體制的研究較多的是對(duì)教育體制的進(jìn)行定性分析，關(guān)于大學(xué)教學(xué)管理體制改革結(jié)果的定量研究相對(duì)較少。以清華大學(xué)的1984年的學(xué)分制改革（相對(duì)于學(xué)年制是一種更加靈活的教育制度）為研究背景，本文考察大學(xué)教育制度的靈活性與校友創(chuàng)業(yè)的關(guān)系。 利用清華大學(xué)1947-2007年畢業(yè)的校友的2512份調(diào)查問(wèn)卷，本文展開了關(guān)于清華大學(xué)學(xué)分制改革對(duì)校友創(chuàng)業(yè)的影響的實(shí)證研究。運(yùn)用Logistic和Cox回歸模型，，本文分別對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)意向和創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)兩方面進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。實(shí)證分析的結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文提出的三個(gè)假設(shè)：（1）清華大學(xué)的學(xué)分制改革對(duì)其校友創(chuàng)業(yè)意向的產(chǎn)生有積極的影響；（2）清華大學(xué)的學(xué)分制改革有助于提高校友實(shí)際創(chuàng)業(yè)事件發(fā)生的可能性；（3）學(xué)分制改革后，在校課程成績(jī)相對(duì)較差的學(xué)生畢業(yè)后實(shí)際創(chuàng)業(yè)的可能性更大（通過(guò)分析學(xué)分制改革和GPA對(duì)校友實(shí)際創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的交互影響來(lái)驗(yàn)證）。 另外，本文在建立模型中控制了創(chuàng)業(yè)者的個(gè)人特質(zhì)。結(jié)果表明男性、曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過(guò)干部、跨學(xué)科和工作類型為工商企業(yè)的校友的創(chuàng)業(yè)意向更強(qiáng)；有碩士學(xué)歷、沒(méi)有出國(guó)留學(xué)經(jīng)歷的校友畢業(yè)后創(chuàng)業(yè)的可能性更大。 本文的研究有特殊的理論意義和實(shí)踐意義。在理論方面，本文的研究為關(guān)于教育制度靈活性的研究提供了實(shí)證證據(jù)，豐富了創(chuàng)業(yè)理論，并推動(dòng)了制度改革與創(chuàng)業(yè)的關(guān)系研究的發(fā)展。在實(shí)踐方面，本文的研究結(jié)論意味著給學(xué)生更大的自由度的、更靈活的教學(xué)制度有助于大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)者培養(yǎng)，這一研究結(jié)果對(duì)大學(xué)改革和大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)者的創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)都有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship research has been widely concerned in recent decades. Many scholars have conducted in-depth research on many aspects of entrepreneurship. However, the relationship between flexibility of university education system and alumni entrepreneurship is rarely involved. Under the background of great changes in Chinese economy and society, this paper studies the influence of the flexibility of university education system on alumni entrepreneurship. By reviewing the previous literatures, this paper finds that the former researches on the university teaching management system are mostly qualitative analysis of the education system, and the quantitative research on the results of the reform of the university teaching management system is relatively few. Based on the credit system reform of Tsinghua University in 1984 (which is a more flexible education system than the academic year system), this paper examines the relationship between the flexibility of the university education system and alumni entrepreneurship. Based on 2512 questionnaires of Tsinghua University alumni from 1947 to 2007, this paper conducts an empirical study on the impact of credit system reform on alumni entrepreneurship in Tsinghua University. Using Logistic and Cox regression models, this paper makes an empirical analysis of entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial activity. The results of the empirical analysis verify the three hypotheses put forward in this paper: 1) the credit system reform of Tsinghua University has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention of its alumni. (2) the credit system reform of Tsinghua University will help to improve the actual entrepreneurial activities of alumni. After the reform of the credit system, Students with relatively poor academic performance are more likely to actually start a business after graduation (by analyzing the interactive influence of credit system reform and GPA on the actual entrepreneurial activities of alumni). In addition, this paper controls the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs in the establishment of the model. The results show that the male alumni who have served as cadres and whose interdisciplinary and work types are industrial and commercial are more likely to start a business after graduation, while those who have a master's degree and have no experience of studying abroad are more likely to start a business after graduation. The study of this paper has special theoretical and practical significance. In theory, this study provides empirical evidence for the study of educational system flexibility, enriches entrepreneurship theory, and promotes the development of research on the relationship between institutional reform and entrepreneurship. In practice, the conclusion of this paper means that a more liberal and flexible teaching system is helpful to the cultivation of college students' entrepreneurs. The results of this study are useful for university reform and entrepreneurial activities of university entrepreneurs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G649.29

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