本文選題：大學 + 二級學院��； 參考：《南京師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：學院在12世紀70年代首創(chuàng)于法國的巴黎大學,發(fā)展到今天,學院存在于大學之中已有八百多年的歷史,雖然現(xiàn)在的學院與最初產生時有很大不同,但經歷歷史滄桑巨變依然存在的學院必定有其獨特之處。阿特巴赫在《高等教育的發(fā)展模式》中講到“世界上只有一種共同的學院模式”,可見,學院是世界大學共同保存下來的唯一的遺產。 學院在我國的創(chuàng)立經歷了波折的過程,1952年的院系調整使學院在我國的大學中瞬間消失。而到了20世紀八九十年代,我國大學又紛紛開始重設學院,經過二十年的發(fā)展,大部分大學已經組建了學院,學院在大學中發(fā)揮的作用也日益顯現(xiàn)出來。但是學院建設不是一勞永逸的,并非建立了學院就是實行學院制,學院制的實施還需要一些相應的制度環(huán)境來保障。在我國大學設立學院的過程中存在不少問題,如有些大學設置學院的隨意性大,學院名稱不規(guī)范、不統(tǒng)一；學院劃分過細,內部學科容量小,不利于多科性創(chuàng)新型人才的培養(yǎng)；學院數(shù)量過多,大學管理幅度過寬,影響管理效率；學院在人事管理、財務管刪等方面缺乏自主權等等。 基于以上狀況,本研究選取我國稱為大學的本科高校作為研究樣本,從各大學網站中搜集其學院設置情況并進行綜合分析。首先,對學院進行數(shù)量分析：從整體角度對所有學院進行數(shù)量分析；按照學科門類把學院進行分類,分析各學科學院數(shù)量和設置情況以及跨學科學院的設置情況；并分析大學的師生數(shù)量與學院數(shù)量的相關性。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)學院數(shù)量存在以下特征：各大學的學院數(shù)量分布集中；各學院的數(shù)量參差不齊；各學科門類中的學院數(shù)量不均；不同學科門類學院設置依據(jù)的比例不均。第二,按照學位授予權的不同把大學分為有博士學位授予權的211大學、有博士學位授予權的非211大學、有碩士學位授予權的大學和只有學士學位授予權的大學四類,對各類大學的學院設置情況進行剖析和比較；對院系并存大學的學院設置情況進行分析。第三,從內因和外因兩個角度分析我國大學學院設置的影響因素,總結學院設置中存在的問題：學院數(shù)量過多；學院名稱不規(guī)范且頻繁變更；學院設置的隨意性；學院沒置市場化；追求“齊全”,忽視基礎性學科；忽視人文科學的基礎地位；跨學科學院的學科跨度小,數(shù)量少。 最后提出,學院設置要以學科為基礎,學院設置的目的就是要最大限度地促進學科的發(fā)展。在此基礎上,提出學院設置的原則是要堅持學科發(fā)展的內部邏輯,同時在一定程度上適應社會環(huán)境發(fā)展的需要,達到內部邏輯和外部邏輯的統(tǒng)一。以上述研究為依據(jù),提出學院設置要遵循知識發(fā)展的邏輯,在學科分化和學科綜合的基礎上創(chuàng)新學術組織,推動跨學科和超學科研究的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The institute was first founded in the 1270s at the University of Paris in France. Today, it has existed in the university for more than 800 years, although the present school is quite different from when it was originally created. But the college that still exists after the vicissitudes of history must have its own uniqueness. "there is only one common college model in the world", said Atbach in the Development Model of higher Education. It can be seen that college is the only heritage of the world's universities. The establishment of the college in our country experienced twists and turns, and the adjustment of the faculty and department in 1952 made the college disappear in the universities of our country. In the 1980s and 1990s, universities in China began to re-establish colleges. After 20 years of development, most universities have set up colleges, and the role of colleges in universities is increasingly apparent. But the college construction is not once and for all, either the establishment of the college or the implementation of the college system, the implementation of the college system also needs some corresponding institutional environment to ensure. There are many problems in the process of setting up colleges in our country, for example, some universities have great arbitrariness in setting up colleges, the names of colleges are not standardized and unified, the division of colleges is too small, and the capacity of internal disciplines is small, which is not conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents of multiple subjects. The number of colleges is too large and the scope of university management is too wide, which affects the efficiency of management, and the college lacks autonomy in personnel management, financial management and deletion, etc. Based on the above situation, this study selects the undergraduate colleges and universities called universities in China as the research samples, collects the college settings from the websites of each university and makes a comprehensive analysis. First of all, carry on the quantity analysis to the college: carry on the quantity analysis to all the colleges from the whole angle, classify the college according to the subject category, analyze the quantity and the setting situation of each discipline college and the setting of the cross-subject college; And analyzes the correlation between the number of teachers and students and the number of colleges. It is found that the number of colleges has the following characteristics: the number of colleges in each university is concentrated, the number of colleges is uneven, the number of colleges in each subject category is uneven, and the proportion of different subject colleges is uneven. Secondly, according to the different powers of granting degrees, universities are divided into four categories: 211 universities with the right to grant doctorates, non-211 universities with the power to grant doctorates, universities with the power to grant master's degrees and universities with only the power to grant bachelor's degrees. This paper analyzes and compares the establishment of colleges in various universities, and analyzes the establishment of colleges and universities co-existing with colleges and departments. Thirdly, it analyzes the influencing factors of college setting in our country from two angles of internal cause and external cause, and summarizes the problems existing in the establishment of college: the excessive number of colleges, the irregular and frequent change of college name, the arbitrariness of college setting; The college has no marketization, pursues "complete", neglects the basic subject, neglects the basic position of the humanities, and the interdisciplinary college has a small span and a small number of subjects. Finally, the establishment of the college should be based on the discipline, and the purpose of the establishment of the college is to promote the development of the discipline to the maximum extent. On this basis, it is put forward that the principle of college establishment is to adhere to the internal logic of discipline development, to meet the needs of social environment development to a certain extent, and to achieve the unity of internal logic and external logic. On the basis of the above research, it is proposed that the establishment of colleges should follow the logic of knowledge development, innovate academic organizations on the basis of discipline differentiation and discipline synthesis, and promote the development of interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G647

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本文編號：1824446