重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生就業(yè)期望對社會需求的適應性研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-30 09:32
【摘要】：伴隨著我國經濟體制改革的不斷深化以及大眾化高等教育的普及,多樣化的社會要求和激烈的就業(yè)競爭構成了當代大學畢業(yè)生復雜的就業(yè)環(huán)境。面對大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)難的問題,女大學畢業(yè)生作為一個就業(yè)弱勢群體,她們的就業(yè)需求應得到充分關注。為了使女大學畢業(yè)生獲得既滿足就業(yè)期望又滿足社會需求的工作,提高其就業(yè)滿意度,實現(xiàn)人力資源的合理配置,女大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)期望對社會需求的適應性問題正是一個不容忽視的課題。 本研究以我國重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生為研究對象,通過抽樣問卷調查湖北省三所"211工程”高校：中國地質大學(武漢)、華中師范大學、華中農業(yè)大學的300位2012屆本科女畢業(yè)生,以及參加2012屆供需雙選會的159家用人單位,實證分析重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望情況,社會需求狀況,及其兩者的適應狀況。研究結果顯示,重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望趨于現(xiàn)實,但是與社會需求之間仍存在矛盾。為引導該類女大學畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望適應社會需求,本研究針對二者存在的矛盾提出七點建議：政府需建立就業(yè)信息服務體系,及時反饋就業(yè)信息；女大學畢業(yè)生應注重職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃；政府需加強法律法規(guī)與制度建設,著力遏制就業(yè)中的性別歧視行為；用人單位需正視女性價值,逐步平等對待女性就業(yè)；社會需客觀評價女大學畢業(yè)生,為其提供寬容的輿論環(huán)境；家長與女大學畢業(yè)生需轉變就業(yè)觀念：重點高校需全面開展職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃教育,并不斷增強思想政治教育的實效性。全文共分為六章。 第一章是緒論。此部分介紹的主要內容包括問題的提出,研究目的和意義,研究對象、研究方法和研究思路。此外,該章對就業(yè)期望、社會需求和適應性三個概念進行界定。 第二章是研究基礎,著重分析國內外相關研究現(xiàn)狀,總結出當前研究存在的問題及其發(fā)展趨勢。此外,第二章運用特性因素理論、職業(yè)發(fā)展理論、二元勞動力市場理論和改造工作理論,對女大學畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望適應社會需求的應然性進行分析。 第三章以問卷調查結果為基礎,實證分析重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生在擇業(yè)前已有的就業(yè)期望。首先實證分析她們的各種具體期望內容,主要包括對起薪水平的期望、對工作地點的期望、對工作單位性質的期望、對工作類別的期望。接著分析其就業(yè)價值取向,具體分析了她們對自身就業(yè)前景的態(tài)度、獲取就業(yè)信息的主要途徑、對“專業(yè)對口”的看法和擇業(yè)過程中所看重的因素。 第四章以對用人單位的問卷調查結果為基礎,分析大學生基層就業(yè)項目和其他用人單位對重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的需求。首先,基于中國特色的發(fā)展需求,通過描述分析我國四項大學生基層項目以說明國家基層對大學畢業(yè)生存在迫切要求。其次,分析其他用人單位需求的調查結果,具體闡述了用人單位對重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的數(shù)量需求和需求的增減趨勢,并分析用人單位對她們的素質要求,包括專業(yè)要求和個人綜合素質。 第五章對重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望與社會實際需求進行關聯(lián)性分析。首先,將她們擇業(yè)前的就業(yè)期望與社會需求的適應性進行分析。通過分析她們對國家大學生基層就業(yè)項目的響應程度說明該類女大學畢業(yè)生滿足國家用人需求的情況,具體分析其對基層就業(yè)項目的了解程度,參與基層工作的意愿。繼而在分析其他單位的需求時,具體將期望的起薪水平與實際起薪水平、期望的工作單位條件與實際單位條件、期望的工作類別與實際工作類別進行對比分析。其次,分析該類女大學畢業(yè)生在擇業(yè)過程中對就業(yè)期望進行調適的情況,包括對國家基層就業(yè)項目的態(tài)度、起薪水平、工作地點、工作類別進行自我調適的狀況。再次,通過統(tǒng)計她們的就業(yè)簽約人數(shù),并將她們調整后的就業(yè)期望與就業(yè)實際條件進行對比,呈現(xiàn)她們調適就業(yè)期望的結果。最后,在實證分析的基礎上,總結出重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望不適應社會需求的五點矛盾,并詳細分析了產生矛盾的原因。 第六章提出緩解重點大學本科女畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望與社會實際需求之間矛盾的建議,主要從形成合理公正的社會需求和女大學畢業(yè)生形成理性的就業(yè)期望兩方面著手,建議政府、用人單位、高校、家庭和女大學畢業(yè)生個人共同努力。 就業(yè)期望是否適應社會實際需求是關乎大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)成敗的重要環(huán)節(jié)。女大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的弱勢地位明顯,其就業(yè)期望具有自身的特殊性,存在各種不適應社會需求的具體問題。為幫助她們尋找到個人期望與社會需求相當?shù)穆殬I(yè),社會各界應該關注女大學畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)期望,了解她們的需要與社會實際,加大對女大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的支持力度。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of the economic system of our country and the popularization of the higher education, the diverse social demands and the fierce employment competition form the complex employment environment of the graduates of the contemporary university. In the face of the difficult employment of college graduates, female university graduates, as a vulnerable group of employment, should be given full attention to their employment needs. In order to get the graduates of the female university to meet the job expectation and meet the demand of the society, to improve their job satisfaction, to realize the reasonable allocation of human resources, the employment expectation of the female college graduates is a problem that can not be neglected. This study is based on the research object of the undergraduate female graduate of the key university in China, and through the sampling survey, the three "211 Project" universities in Hubei Province: China University of Geology (Wuhan), Central China Normal University, and the 300-digit 2012 undergraduate female of Central China Agricultural University In addition,159 employers participating in the 2012 supply-and-demand and supply-and-demand double-selection meeting, the positive analysis of the employment expectation of the female graduates of the key university, the situation of social demand, and the adaptation of the two. The results of the study show that the employment expectation of the graduates of the key university graduates tends to be realistic, but there is still a spears between the demand of the society and the social demand. To guide the employment of this class of female college graduates to meet the social needs, this study puts forward seven points for the contradiction between the two. The government needs to set up the employment information service system and feed back the employment information in time. The graduates of the female college should pay attention to the career rules. The government needs to strengthen the laws and regulations and the construction of the system, and strive to contain the gender-based discrimination in the employment; the employing unit needs to face the female value and gradually treat the female employment gradually; the society needs to evaluate the graduates of the female university objectively and provide them with a tolerant opinion ring Situation; Parents and Female University Graduates need to change the concept of employment: the key universities need to carry out the career planning education in a comprehensive way and constantly enhance the effectiveness of the ideological and political education The full text is divided into six Chapter I It is an introduction. The main contents of this section include the presentation of the problem, the purpose and significance of the research, the research object, the research method and the research. In addition, that chapter introduce three concepts of employment expectation, social demand and adaptability. The second chapter is the basis of the research, and focuses on the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, and summarizes the problems existing in the current research. In addition, the second chapter uses the characteristic factor theory, the career development theory, the dual-labor market theory and the reform work theory, and the employment expectation of the female university graduates to meet the social demand The third chapter is based on the results of the questionnaire. The results of the third chapter are based on the results of the questionnaire. An empirical analysis of their specific expectations, including the expectation of the start-up level, the expectations of the duty station, the expectations of the nature of the work unit, Then analyze their employment value orientation, and analyze their attitude to their employment prospects, the main ways to get employment information, the view of the "professional counterpart" and the process of job selection. The fourth chapter is based on the questionnaire results of the employing unit, and analyzes the university student's basic employment program and other employing unit's emphasis on the key university First, based on the development demand of Chinese characteristics, the four college students' basic-level projects in our country are analyzed and analyzed to illustrate the national grass-roots level to the university Secondly, the survey results of the needs of other employers are analyzed, and the trend of increasing or decreasing the demand and demand of the female graduates of the key university by the employing unit is described in detail, and the requirements of the employing unit for their quality are analyzed, including the specialty. Requirements and the comprehensive quality of the individual. The fifth chapter is about the employment expectation and the society of the graduates of the key university. Analysis of the relevance of the actual demand. First of all, the employment expectation and the society before they are selected Through the analysis of their response to the national college students' base-level employment program, the paper makes a concrete analysis of their understanding of the basic-level employment projects. The willingness to participate in the grass-roots work. In turn, when analyzing the needs of other units, the expected salary level and actual salary level, the expected working unit condition and the actual unit condition, the expected working class and the real unit condition are expected. Secondly, the paper analyzes the adjustment of the employment expectation of the graduates in the process of career selection, including the attitude, the starting salary level, the duty station and the work of the country's basic-level employment project. The status of self-adaptation in the category. Again, by counting their number of employment contracts and comparing their adjusted employment expectations with the actual conditions of employment, the presentation Finally, on the basis of the empirical analysis, the five-point contradiction between the employment expectation and the social demand of the graduates of the key university is summarized. The paper analyzes the causes of the contradiction. In the sixth chapter, it is suggested that the contradiction between the employment expectation and the actual demand of the female graduates of the key university is put forward, which is mainly from the formation of the reasonable and fair social demand and the rational employment expectation of the female college graduates. It is recommended that the government, the employing unit, the university and the family A joint effort with women's college graduates. Employment expectations are close to the actual needs of society The employment of college graduates is an important part of the success or failure of employment. In order to help them find a career that is commensurate with the needs of the individual and the needs of society, the community should focus on the employment expectations of women's college graduates, understand their needs and social reality, and
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G647.38
本文編號：2450005
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of the economic system of our country and the popularization of the higher education, the diverse social demands and the fierce employment competition form the complex employment environment of the graduates of the contemporary university. In the face of the difficult employment of college graduates, female university graduates, as a vulnerable group of employment, should be given full attention to their employment needs. In order to get the graduates of the female university to meet the job expectation and meet the demand of the society, to improve their job satisfaction, to realize the reasonable allocation of human resources, the employment expectation of the female college graduates is a problem that can not be neglected. This study is based on the research object of the undergraduate female graduate of the key university in China, and through the sampling survey, the three "211 Project" universities in Hubei Province: China University of Geology (Wuhan), Central China Normal University, and the 300-digit 2012 undergraduate female of Central China Agricultural University In addition,159 employers participating in the 2012 supply-and-demand and supply-and-demand double-selection meeting, the positive analysis of the employment expectation of the female graduates of the key university, the situation of social demand, and the adaptation of the two. The results of the study show that the employment expectation of the graduates of the key university graduates tends to be realistic, but there is still a spears between the demand of the society and the social demand. To guide the employment of this class of female college graduates to meet the social needs, this study puts forward seven points for the contradiction between the two. The government needs to set up the employment information service system and feed back the employment information in time. The graduates of the female college should pay attention to the career rules. The government needs to strengthen the laws and regulations and the construction of the system, and strive to contain the gender-based discrimination in the employment; the employing unit needs to face the female value and gradually treat the female employment gradually; the society needs to evaluate the graduates of the female university objectively and provide them with a tolerant opinion ring Situation; Parents and Female University Graduates need to change the concept of employment: the key universities need to carry out the career planning education in a comprehensive way and constantly enhance the effectiveness of the ideological and political education The full text is divided into six Chapter I It is an introduction. The main contents of this section include the presentation of the problem, the purpose and significance of the research, the research object, the research method and the research. In addition, that chapter introduce three concepts of employment expectation, social demand and adaptability. The second chapter is the basis of the research, and focuses on the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, and summarizes the problems existing in the current research. In addition, the second chapter uses the characteristic factor theory, the career development theory, the dual-labor market theory and the reform work theory, and the employment expectation of the female university graduates to meet the social demand The third chapter is based on the results of the questionnaire. The results of the third chapter are based on the results of the questionnaire. An empirical analysis of their specific expectations, including the expectation of the start-up level, the expectations of the duty station, the expectations of the nature of the work unit, Then analyze their employment value orientation, and analyze their attitude to their employment prospects, the main ways to get employment information, the view of the "professional counterpart" and the process of job selection. The fourth chapter is based on the questionnaire results of the employing unit, and analyzes the university student's basic employment program and other employing unit's emphasis on the key university First, based on the development demand of Chinese characteristics, the four college students' basic-level projects in our country are analyzed and analyzed to illustrate the national grass-roots level to the university Secondly, the survey results of the needs of other employers are analyzed, and the trend of increasing or decreasing the demand and demand of the female graduates of the key university by the employing unit is described in detail, and the requirements of the employing unit for their quality are analyzed, including the specialty. Requirements and the comprehensive quality of the individual. The fifth chapter is about the employment expectation and the society of the graduates of the key university. Analysis of the relevance of the actual demand. First of all, the employment expectation and the society before they are selected Through the analysis of their response to the national college students' base-level employment program, the paper makes a concrete analysis of their understanding of the basic-level employment projects. The willingness to participate in the grass-roots work. In turn, when analyzing the needs of other units, the expected salary level and actual salary level, the expected working unit condition and the actual unit condition, the expected working class and the real unit condition are expected. Secondly, the paper analyzes the adjustment of the employment expectation of the graduates in the process of career selection, including the attitude, the starting salary level, the duty station and the work of the country's basic-level employment project. The status of self-adaptation in the category. Again, by counting their number of employment contracts and comparing their adjusted employment expectations with the actual conditions of employment, the presentation Finally, on the basis of the empirical analysis, the five-point contradiction between the employment expectation and the social demand of the graduates of the key university is summarized. The paper analyzes the causes of the contradiction. In the sixth chapter, it is suggested that the contradiction between the employment expectation and the actual demand of the female graduates of the key university is put forward, which is mainly from the formation of the reasonable and fair social demand and the rational employment expectation of the female college graduates. It is recommended that the government, the employing unit, the university and the family A joint effort with women's college graduates. Employment expectations are close to the actual needs of society The employment of college graduates is an important part of the success or failure of employment. In order to help them find a career that is commensurate with the needs of the individual and the needs of society, the community should focus on the employment expectations of women's college graduates, understand their needs and social reality, and
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G647.38
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