美國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-16 15:08
【摘要】：高等教育事業(yè)發(fā)展過程中的關(guān)鍵因素是資金問題,在當(dāng)代,大學(xué)辦學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)來源已形成多元化態(tài)勢,多渠道的資金籌措是促進(jìn)高等教育快速發(fā)展的有效途徑之一,而大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)則是學(xué)校辦學(xué)融資手段中的重中之重。就全球范圍而言,美國的高等教育現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程走在前列,必然決定了需要有大量的資金投入,長期以來,美國積累了豐富的校友捐贈(zèng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)前,在新的時(shí)代背景下,我國高等教育事業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展,大量的民辦高校興辦起來。然而從總體來看,公立大學(xué)還是占有非常高的比重。與此同時(shí),大學(xué)在辦學(xué)過程中也面臨著經(jīng)費(fèi)投入不足等-系列問題。如何拓寬辦學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)的來源以促進(jìn)我國公立大學(xué)的發(fā)展,美國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)的一系列舉措,十分值得我國公立大學(xué)借鑒與思考。 大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)而復(fù)雜的工程。美國公立大學(xué)是校友捐贈(zèng)的成功范例,無論從捐贈(zèng)的途徑,還是從捐贈(zèng)的環(huán)境來講,都有其獨(dú)特的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和做法。本研究立足于美國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)的實(shí)際,將文獻(xiàn)法、內(nèi)容分析法和個(gè)案法相結(jié)合,試對美國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)的特點(diǎn)、途徑和環(huán)境等問題進(jìn)行較為系統(tǒng)和深入的理論探討。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以美國著名的公立大學(xué)——密歇根大學(xué)為個(gè)案,對其校友捐贈(zèng)的運(yùn)作狀況進(jìn)行現(xiàn)實(shí)考察,并對其校友捐贈(zèng)的因素進(jìn)行分析。研究認(rèn)為美國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)的主要途徑是校友基金會(huì)；校友捐贈(zèng)的過程中,大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)重視、目標(biāo)明確、計(jì)劃詳細(xì)、組織管理完善、資金透明、運(yùn)作市場化、工作體系化等為其營造了良好的環(huán)境；校友捐贈(zèng)的影響因素主要集中于美國社會(huì)文化的影響、國家政策法規(guī)的支持和學(xué)校的核心因素等。 近年來,隨著我國高等教育的不斷發(fā)展,我國公立大學(xué)也開始注重校友資源的利用。逐漸展開了校友捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng)的一系列舉措,但仍存在諸多不足。集中體現(xiàn)在：校友捐贈(zèng)機(jī)構(gòu)不夠健全,籌資運(yùn)作專業(yè)人員缺乏；籌資重視程度不夠,發(fā)展聯(lián)絡(luò)工作不到位；相關(guān)制度不健全,管理制度欠規(guī)范；基金運(yùn)作方式單一,多元化經(jīng)營不夠。鑒于此,加強(qiáng)我國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng),營造適合我國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)發(fā)展的良好氛圍和環(huán)境,建立有效的校友捐贈(zèng)制度體系,已是應(yīng)該提上議事日程的問題。在筆者看來,建立健全校友會(huì)、加強(qiáng)專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和隊(duì)伍建設(shè)、培育健康的校友文化和建設(shè)和諧校友捐贈(zèng)環(huán)境是加強(qiáng)我國公立大學(xué)校友捐贈(zèng)發(fā)展的重要路徑。
[Abstract]:The key factor in the course of the development of higher education is the problem of funds. In the contemporary era, the sources of funding for running a university have formed a diversified situation, and multi-channel fund raising is one of the effective ways to promote the rapid development of higher education. College alumni donation is the most important means of school financing. On a global scale, the process of higher education modernization in the United States is at the forefront, which must determine the need for a large amount of capital investment. For a long time, the United States has accumulated a wealth of experience in alumni donation. At present, under the background of the new era, China's higher education has been developed rapidly, and a large number of private colleges and universities have been set up. On the whole, however, public universities still account for a very high proportion. At the same time, universities are also faced with a series of problems in the process of running schools. How to widen the source of funds for running schools to promote the development of public universities in our country and a series of measures of alumni donation of American public universities are worthy of reference and ponder in our public universities. Alumni donation is a systematic and complex project. American public university is a successful example of alumni donation, both in terms of the way of donation and the environment of donation, it has its own unique experience and practice. Based on the reality of alumni donation in American public universities, this study combines literature method, content analysis method and case study to discuss systematically and deeply the characteristics, approaches and environment of alumni donation in American public universities. On this basis, taking the University of Michigan, a famous public university in the United States, as an example, this paper makes a realistic investigation on the operation of alumni donation, and analyzes the factors of alumni donation. According to the study, alumni foundation is the main way to donate alumni from American public universities. In the process of alumni donation, university leaders attach importance, clear objectives, detailed plans, perfect organization and management, transparent funds, market-oriented operation, work systematization and so on to create a good environment for them; The influencing factors of alumni donation mainly focus on the influence of American society and culture, the support of national policies and regulations, and the core factors of the school. In recent years, with the continuous development of higher education in China, public universities in China have begun to pay attention to the utilization of alumni resources. Gradually launched a series of alumni donation initiatives, but there are still many shortcomings. It is reflected in the following aspects: the alumni donation organization is not sound enough, the fund-raising operation professionals are lack; the fund-raising attention degree is not enough, the development liaison work is not in place; the related system is not perfect, the management system is not standard; Fund operation mode is single, diversification is not enough. In view of this, strengthening the activities of alumni donation of public universities, creating a favorable atmosphere and environment suitable for the development of alumni donation of public universities in China, and establishing an effective system of alumni donation have become issues that should be put on the agenda. In my opinion, establishing and perfecting alumni association, strengthening professional organization and team building, cultivating healthy alumni culture and building harmonious alumni donating environment are the important ways to strengthen the development of alumni donation in public universities in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.712
本文編號：2441615
[Abstract]:The key factor in the course of the development of higher education is the problem of funds. In the contemporary era, the sources of funding for running a university have formed a diversified situation, and multi-channel fund raising is one of the effective ways to promote the rapid development of higher education. College alumni donation is the most important means of school financing. On a global scale, the process of higher education modernization in the United States is at the forefront, which must determine the need for a large amount of capital investment. For a long time, the United States has accumulated a wealth of experience in alumni donation. At present, under the background of the new era, China's higher education has been developed rapidly, and a large number of private colleges and universities have been set up. On the whole, however, public universities still account for a very high proportion. At the same time, universities are also faced with a series of problems in the process of running schools. How to widen the source of funds for running schools to promote the development of public universities in our country and a series of measures of alumni donation of American public universities are worthy of reference and ponder in our public universities. Alumni donation is a systematic and complex project. American public university is a successful example of alumni donation, both in terms of the way of donation and the environment of donation, it has its own unique experience and practice. Based on the reality of alumni donation in American public universities, this study combines literature method, content analysis method and case study to discuss systematically and deeply the characteristics, approaches and environment of alumni donation in American public universities. On this basis, taking the University of Michigan, a famous public university in the United States, as an example, this paper makes a realistic investigation on the operation of alumni donation, and analyzes the factors of alumni donation. According to the study, alumni foundation is the main way to donate alumni from American public universities. In the process of alumni donation, university leaders attach importance, clear objectives, detailed plans, perfect organization and management, transparent funds, market-oriented operation, work systematization and so on to create a good environment for them; The influencing factors of alumni donation mainly focus on the influence of American society and culture, the support of national policies and regulations, and the core factors of the school. In recent years, with the continuous development of higher education in China, public universities in China have begun to pay attention to the utilization of alumni resources. Gradually launched a series of alumni donation initiatives, but there are still many shortcomings. It is reflected in the following aspects: the alumni donation organization is not sound enough, the fund-raising operation professionals are lack; the fund-raising attention degree is not enough, the development liaison work is not in place; the related system is not perfect, the management system is not standard; Fund operation mode is single, diversification is not enough. In view of this, strengthening the activities of alumni donation of public universities, creating a favorable atmosphere and environment suitable for the development of alumni donation of public universities in China, and establishing an effective system of alumni donation have become issues that should be put on the agenda. In my opinion, establishing and perfecting alumni association, strengthening professional organization and team building, cultivating healthy alumni culture and building harmonious alumni donating environment are the important ways to strengthen the development of alumni donation in public universities in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.712
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