【摘要】：自2002年,我國高等教育正式進入大眾化階段,伴隨著我國高等教育大眾化的進程,我國高等學校規(guī)模急速地擴張。由于我國政府財政投入的不足、高校學費的提高受家庭支付能力的限制、高校學生資助體系不完善的影響,使得我國高校經濟承受力無法適應高校規(guī)模的不斷擴張。如何明確我國高校經濟承受力,既要求建立高校經濟承受力的評估方式,也要求形成有效的評估報告,為政府決策提供建議。 美國國家公共政策和高等教育中心對美國州際間高校經濟承受力進行指標考察。通過建立包括家庭支付能力、承受策略和貸款依賴程度三個一級指標,對州際高校經濟承受力進行評估,并通過合理的計算,獲得全美各州高校經濟承受力的排名情況,形成有效的評估報告,為各州政府在制定高校政策時提供建議。深入分析美國高校經濟承受力的評估指標體系,將美國各州高校經濟承受力分為承受力較高、承受力依賴學生資助、承受力依賴學費水平、經濟承受力較低四類,總結出美國高校經濟承受力具有合理的評估方式、準確的評估指標和客觀的評估機構。 我國高校經濟承受力在高等教育大眾化進程中面臨著前所未有的挑戰(zhàn),如何保障高校經濟承受力顯得十分重要。然而,我國高校經費主要來源于政府財政撥款和學雜費的收入,在政府投入不斷減少、學費提高受限的情況下,高校通過向銀行貸款彌補自身經費的不足,使得高校負債較高,進一步降低了高校經濟承受力。通過研究發(fā)現,我國欠缺對高校經濟承受力評估的重視、缺少合理的評估體系和缺乏客觀的評估機構。 借鑒美國高校經濟承受力的評估方式,有助于較快、較好地建立起我國高校經濟承受力的評估體系。借鑒美國高校經濟承受力的評估機構的設立,有助于加強我國高校經濟承受力評估的客觀性。借鑒美國高校經濟承受力評估結果的呈現方式,有助于形成符合我國情況的長期有效的評估報告。
[Abstract]:Since 2002, higher education in our country has entered the stage of popularization. With the process of popularization of higher education in China, the scale of higher education in our country has expanded rapidly. Due to the lack of financial input from the government, the increase of tuition fees in colleges and universities is limited by the ability of families to pay, and the financial aid system of college students is not perfect, which makes the economic endurance of colleges and universities in our country unable to adapt to the constant expansion of the scale of colleges and universities. How to define the economic endurance of colleges and universities in our country requires not only the establishment of the evaluation mode of the economic endurance of colleges and universities, but also the formation of an effective evaluation report, which can provide suggestions for the government to make decisions. The National Center for Public Policy and higher Education examines the economic resilience of interstate colleges and universities. Through the establishment of three primary indicators, including the ability of families to pay, the strategy of bearing and the degree of dependence on loans, this paper evaluates the financial endurance of interstate colleges and universities, and obtains the ranking of the financial resilience of colleges and universities in the United States through reasonable calculation. Form effective evaluation reports to advise state governments in the formulation of college policies. This paper deeply analyzes the evaluation index system of the economic endurance of American colleges and universities, and divides the economic endurance of American colleges and universities into four categories: higher tolerance, higher affordability, higher affordability depends on student financial aid, higher affordability depends on tuition level, and economic endurance is lower. It is concluded that the economic endurance of American colleges and universities has reasonable evaluation methods, accurate evaluation indexes and objective evaluation institutions. In the process of popularization of higher education, the economic endurance of colleges and universities in our country is facing unprecedented challenges, so it is very important to ensure the economic endurance of colleges and universities. However, the funds of colleges and universities in our country mainly come from the income of the government's financial allocation and tuition fees. Under the condition that the government input is decreasing and the tuition is restricted, colleges and universities make up the deficiency of their own funds by making loans to the banks, which makes the colleges and universities have higher debts. Further reduce the economic endurance of colleges and universities. Through the research, it is found that our country lacks the attention to the economic endurance assessment of colleges and universities, the lack of reasonable evaluation system and the lack of objective evaluation organization. It is helpful to establish the evaluation system of economic endurance of colleges and universities in our country by using the evaluation method of economic endurance of American colleges and universities for reference. It is helpful to strengthen the objectivity of economic endurance assessment in our country by referring to the establishment of economic endurance assessment institutions in American colleges and universities. It is helpful to form a long-term and effective evaluation report in accordance with the situation of our country by referring to the presentation of the results of economic endurance assessment of American colleges and universities.
【學位授予單位】：湖北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.712

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