我國高校章程制定研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-23 19:13
【摘要】：大學(xué)章程是現(xiàn)代大學(xué)制度的載體,是大學(xué)自治和學(xué)術(shù)自由的法律保障,是處理大學(xué)內(nèi)外部關(guān)系的基本法律依據(jù),是大學(xué)治理的“憲法”。為了完善現(xiàn)代大學(xué)制度、提高高校的國際競爭力,我國高校開始重視大學(xué)章程的建設(shè)�！秶抑虚L期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要》(以下簡稱《綱要》)明確規(guī)定高校要加強章程建設(shè),無論什么層次和類型的高校都應(yīng)當(dāng)依法制定學(xué)校章程,在學(xué)校的管理過程中要依照章程的各項規(guī)定；學(xué)校章程或者各項制度應(yīng)當(dāng)建立在符合法律規(guī)定、體現(xiàn)學(xué)校辦學(xué)特色的基礎(chǔ)上。為落實《綱要》對高校章程制定和發(fā)展要求,教育部頒布了《高等學(xué)校章程制定暫行辦法》進一步推進了高校章程制定的進程。雖然我國高校有的已經(jīng)制定出章程,有的還在草擬討論階段,但是章程制定中尚存問題需要解決。 通過對我國改革開放以來具有代表性和首創(chuàng)性的部屬高校吉林大學(xué)的章程、地方普通高校廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)的章程以及省屬“211”綜合型的安徽大學(xué)章程草案研究,追溯了我國大陸地區(qū)高校章程制定的歷史與現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)出我國大陸地區(qū)高校章程制定的具體特征：制定主體不明確、制定程序不完善等。并對大陸地區(qū)章程制定的特征進行了總結(jié),同時對三所高校的具體文本進行了分析,梳理了章程制定中存在問題,主要包括以下幾個方面：一是在章程制定過程中法治理念的缺失;二是章程文本內(nèi)容和形式上的“千校一面”；三是高校章程在處理內(nèi)外部法律關(guān)系時存在諸多問題。 通過比較三所高校章程文本,借鑒國內(nèi)外高校章程制定的成功經(jīng)驗,針對章程制定中存在問題提出了建議：首先要樹立章程制定中法治理念,認清章程的法律性質(zhì)和法律地位,同時增強高校管理者的法律意識；其次,完善章程制定的架構(gòu)和章程文本的內(nèi)容。制定出架構(gòu)合理、內(nèi)容具體全面的章程文本,要體現(xiàn)辦學(xué)理念、弘揚辦學(xué)特色；再次,理清內(nèi)外部法律關(guān)系,處理好高校與政府、社會的關(guān)系,完善內(nèi)部管理體制,平衡學(xué)術(shù)與行政之間的權(quán)力關(guān)系,明確高校師生之間權(quán)力義務(wù)關(guān)系；最后,完善章程制定程序,完善審議、通過和備案以及修改程序。
[Abstract]:The university charter is the carrier of the modern university system, the legal guarantee of the university autonomy and academic freedom, the basic legal basis of dealing with the internal and external relations of the university, and the constitution of the university governance. In order to improve the modern university system and enhance the international competitiveness of colleges and universities, Colleges and universities in our country have begun to attach importance to the construction of the university charter. The outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (hereinafter referred to as "the outline") clearly stipulates that colleges and universities should strengthen the constitution construction. No matter what level and type of colleges and universities should formulate the school charter according to law, in the school management process should be in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association; The articles of association or various systems shall be established on the basis of complying with the provisions of the law and embodying the characteristics of the school. In order to fulfill the requirements for the formulation and development of the articles of association of colleges and universities, the Ministry of Education promulgated the interim measures for the formulation of the articles of Association of Colleges and Universities, and further advanced the process of making the statutes of colleges and universities. Although some colleges and universities in our country have drawn up articles of association and some are still in the stage of drafting and discussion, there are still some problems to be solved in the process of making articles of association. Through the research on the articles of association of Jilin University, a subordinate university, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and Foreign Trade of local colleges and universities, as well as the draft charter of Anhui University, a comprehensive "211" provincial university, since the reform and opening up, the article of association of Jilin University, a subordinate university of China, has been studied. This paper traces the history and present situation of the constitution of colleges and universities in the mainland of China, and summarizes the specific characteristics of the constitution of colleges and universities in mainland China: the main body of the constitution is not clear, the procedure of making the constitution is not perfect, and so on. At the same time, it analyzes the specific texts of the three colleges and universities, combs the existing problems in the constitution formulation, and makes a summary of the characteristics of the constitution formulation in the mainland, and at the same time analyzes the specific texts of the three colleges and universities. It mainly includes the following aspects: first, the lack of the concept of rule of law in the process of constitution making; Second, the content and form of the articles of association; Third, there are many problems in dealing with the internal and external legal relations. By comparing the texts of the articles of association of the three universities and drawing lessons from the successful experiences of the constitution formulation at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the problems existing in the constitution making: first of all, it is necessary to establish the concept of rule of law in the constitution making, and to recognize the legal nature and legal status of the constitution. At the same time, strengthen the university administrator's legal consciousness; Secondly, perfect the constitution structure and the content of the constitution text. Making out the text of constitution with reasonable structure and concrete and comprehensive contents should embody the idea of running a school and carry forward the characteristics of running a school; Third, clear the internal and external legal relations, deal with the relationship between the university and the government, society, improve the internal management system, balance the power relationship between academic and administrative, and clarify the relationship between the power and obligation between teachers and students. Finally, consummate the constitution formulation procedure, consummates the examination, the adoption and the record-keeping as well as the revision procedure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G647
本文編號：2352455
[Abstract]:The university charter is the carrier of the modern university system, the legal guarantee of the university autonomy and academic freedom, the basic legal basis of dealing with the internal and external relations of the university, and the constitution of the university governance. In order to improve the modern university system and enhance the international competitiveness of colleges and universities, Colleges and universities in our country have begun to attach importance to the construction of the university charter. The outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (hereinafter referred to as "the outline") clearly stipulates that colleges and universities should strengthen the constitution construction. No matter what level and type of colleges and universities should formulate the school charter according to law, in the school management process should be in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association; The articles of association or various systems shall be established on the basis of complying with the provisions of the law and embodying the characteristics of the school. In order to fulfill the requirements for the formulation and development of the articles of association of colleges and universities, the Ministry of Education promulgated the interim measures for the formulation of the articles of Association of Colleges and Universities, and further advanced the process of making the statutes of colleges and universities. Although some colleges and universities in our country have drawn up articles of association and some are still in the stage of drafting and discussion, there are still some problems to be solved in the process of making articles of association. Through the research on the articles of association of Jilin University, a subordinate university, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and Foreign Trade of local colleges and universities, as well as the draft charter of Anhui University, a comprehensive "211" provincial university, since the reform and opening up, the article of association of Jilin University, a subordinate university of China, has been studied. This paper traces the history and present situation of the constitution of colleges and universities in the mainland of China, and summarizes the specific characteristics of the constitution of colleges and universities in mainland China: the main body of the constitution is not clear, the procedure of making the constitution is not perfect, and so on. At the same time, it analyzes the specific texts of the three colleges and universities, combs the existing problems in the constitution formulation, and makes a summary of the characteristics of the constitution formulation in the mainland, and at the same time analyzes the specific texts of the three colleges and universities. It mainly includes the following aspects: first, the lack of the concept of rule of law in the process of constitution making; Second, the content and form of the articles of association; Third, there are many problems in dealing with the internal and external legal relations. By comparing the texts of the articles of association of the three universities and drawing lessons from the successful experiences of the constitution formulation at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the problems existing in the constitution making: first of all, it is necessary to establish the concept of rule of law in the constitution making, and to recognize the legal nature and legal status of the constitution. At the same time, strengthen the university administrator's legal consciousness; Secondly, perfect the constitution structure and the content of the constitution text. Making out the text of constitution with reasonable structure and concrete and comprehensive contents should embody the idea of running a school and carry forward the characteristics of running a school; Third, clear the internal and external legal relations, deal with the relationship between the university and the government, society, improve the internal management system, balance the power relationship between academic and administrative, and clarify the relationship between the power and obligation between teachers and students. Finally, consummate the constitution formulation procedure, consummates the examination, the adoption and the record-keeping as well as the revision procedure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G647
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