【摘要】：綜合開放性實驗教學是以培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)新精神和實踐能力為宗旨,訓練學生學習的主體意識和問題意識,激發(fā)學生的創(chuàng)新思維,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神和實踐能力。(1)準備:各學院、教研室精心設計一批新的實驗室開放項目,授課教師隊伍由高年資科研經(jīng)驗豐富的教師(主要是病理生理學專業(yè))組成。(2)實施:將150名本科生先按性別分組,再根據(jù)隨機的原則將男女學生分別分配到A、B兩個實驗組,A組為綜合開放性實驗組(75人),B組為驗證性實驗組。A組學生在教師的指導下正確設計實驗,并通過查閱有關文獻、參考資料、手冊、工具書及其它信息源獲得信息以解決實際問題,當實驗中遇到難題,老師和他們一起觀察現(xiàn)象,分析原因,尋找對策。B組學生的實驗報告撰寫按普通學生實驗報告格式進行。(3)評價:①學生評價,口頭或書面,既指出其優(yōu)點,也指出其不足;②教師評價,經(jīng)過綜合開放性實驗教學培訓的學生"科研興趣提高","積極主動性增強","動手能力更強","實驗報告撰寫內(nèi)容更加豐富、規(guī)范"等。(4)困難:①缺乏足夠充分的思想認識;②適當?shù)墓芾砟Ｊ?③缺乏必要的基礎支持條件;④缺乏高水平教師的積極參與。
[Abstract]:Comprehensive and open experimental teaching aims at cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, training students' main body consciousness and problem consciousness, arousing students' innovative thinking, cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability. (1) preparation: each college, The teaching and research department has carefully designed a batch of new laboratory opening projects, with a teaching staff of highly experienced teachers (mainly pathophysiology). (2) implementation: 150 undergraduate students are grouped by sex. According to the principle of randomness, male and female students were assigned to two experimental groups, A group was a comprehensive open experimental group (75 cases of), B group was a confirmatory experimental group), A group of students under the guidance of teachers correctly designed the experiment, and through consulting the relevant literature, Reference materials, manuals, reference books, and other sources of information to get information to solve practical problems, when problems encountered in the experiment, teachers with them to observe the phenomenon, analysis of the reasons, The experimental report of group B was written according to the format of ordinary students' experimental report. (3) Evaluation: (1) student evaluation, oral or written, pointing out both its advantages and disadvantages; (2) teacher evaluation, After comprehensive and open experimental teaching training, students'"interest in scientific research", "active initiative to enhance", "more practical ability", "experimental report writing more rich, standardized". (4) difficulties: (1) lack of sufficient ideological understanding; (2) proper management model; (3) lack of necessary basic support conditions; (4) lack of active participation of high level teachers.
【作者單位】： 溫州醫(yī)科大學病理生理學教研室;
【分類號】：G642;R363-4

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