【摘要】：長(zhǎng)期以來，“三農(nóng)”問題都是我國(guó)社會(huì)的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)，也是中共中央和國(guó)務(wù)院工作的“重中之重”，它不僅關(guān)系著中國(guó)農(nóng)民的生活和命運(yùn)，也關(guān)系著國(guó)家穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展大局�！叭r(nóng)”問題的形成原因主要源于長(zhǎng)期的城鄉(xiāng)“二元”政策以及由此帶來的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)、農(nóng)村環(huán)境和農(nóng)村社會(huì)交織的難題。歸根結(jié)底是農(nóng)村教育資源缺乏、農(nóng)村智力資源流失。自2004年以來，中共中央已連續(xù)出臺(tái)10個(gè)“一號(hào)文件”，從農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村發(fā)展的方方面面解決“三農(nóng)”問題，其終極目標(biāo)依然是2006年中共中央開始實(shí)施的“社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)”戰(zhàn)略所提出的“生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活寬裕、鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明、村容整潔、管理民主”等20字內(nèi)涵�？梢�，“三農(nóng)”問題的徹底解決還是要依靠鄉(xiāng)村教育資源的歸位和智力資源的回歸，還需要培養(yǎng)大批“有文化、懂技術(shù)、會(huì)經(jīng)營(yíng)”的新型農(nóng)民。 首先，本文從理論比較了國(guó)內(nèi)外農(nóng)民的教育現(xiàn)狀，，分析了農(nóng)村貧困與教育（文化）落后的深層關(guān)系�；仡櫫菏榈摹皬奈幕胧诌M(jìn)而引發(fā)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的改造來進(jìn)行鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)”的鄉(xiāng)建理論及晏陽初的“對(duì)民族再造，只有改變‘愚、窮、弱、私’的四大病癥，才能改造出具有知識(shí)力、生產(chǎn)力、強(qiáng)健力和團(tuán)結(jié)力的現(xiàn)代公民”的近代鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)實(shí)踐，概述了以溫鐵軍為代表的當(dāng)代知識(shí)分子創(chuàng)建和實(shí)踐的“新鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)”的理論內(nèi)涵。 其次，本文通過對(duì)福建省若干城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)大學(xué)在引導(dǎo)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)過程中文化重建的作用，總結(jié)出“莆田汀塘”、“龍巖培田”、“泉州福田”、“福州關(guān)中”和“廈門安兜”等5個(gè)引導(dǎo)模式。其中，“莆田汀塘”模式：通過教育資源的歸位引導(dǎo)農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民走生態(tài)城市（鎮(zhèn)）化之路；“龍巖培田”模式：以鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)文化挖掘和傳播為先導(dǎo)，促進(jìn)古民居生態(tài)旅游資源的合作，使農(nóng)民自組織；“泉州福田”模式：以生態(tài)學(xué)知識(shí)培訓(xùn)為導(dǎo)向，引導(dǎo)生態(tài)茶園創(chuàng)建，促進(jìn)食品安全和茶農(nóng)增收；“福州關(guān)中”模式：以社區(qū)支持農(nóng)業(yè)為導(dǎo)引，通過城市居民支持鄉(xiāng)村農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)互信互動(dòng)互助；“廈門安兜”模式：以文化、技能和心理課程教學(xué)為媒介，讓進(jìn)城農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力盡快成為合格的市民。 最后，本文提出福建和全國(guó)其它地方的城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)大學(xué)是鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)管理創(chuàng)新的主體之一，她將有效地促進(jìn)中共十八大提出的通過“城鄉(xiāng)一體化建設(shè)”和“生態(tài)文明建設(shè)”，促進(jìn)“三農(nóng)”“重中之重”問題的解決和“美麗中國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers has been the focus of attention of our society and the top priority of the work of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. It is not only related to the life and destiny of Chinese peasants, but also related to the overall situation of national stability and development. Since 2004, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has issued 10 "No.1 Documents" to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers from all aspects of rural development. The ultimate goal is still in the middle of 2006. It can be seen that the thorough solution of the problem of agriculture, countryside and farmers still depends on the return of rural education resources and intellectual resources, and also needs to cultivate a large number of "literate" people. New farmers who understand technology and operate.
First of all, this paper compares the educational situation of peasants at home and abroad, and analyzes the deep relationship between rural poverty and backwardness of education (culture). The four major illnesses of "private" can transform the modern rural construction practice of modern citizens with knowledge, productivity, strength and solidarity, and outline the theoretical connotation of "new rural construction" represented by Wen Tiejun.
Secondly, through the analysis of the role of some urban and rural community universities in guiding the cultural reconstruction of the new socialist countryside construction in Fujian Province, this paper sums up five guiding modes, including "Putian Tingtang", "Longyan Peitian", "Quanzhou Futian", "Fuzhou Guanzhong" and "Xiamen Andu". Among them, "Putian Tingtang" mode: through educational resources. "Longyan Peitian" mode: taking the excavation and dissemination of rural ecological culture as the forerunner, promoting the cooperation of eco-tourism resources of ancient dwellings, and making farmers self-organize; "Quanzhou Futian" mode: taking ecological knowledge training as the guide, guiding the establishment of ecological tea garden, promoting food Safety and income increase of tea farmers; "Fuzhou Guanzhong" mode: guided by community support agriculture, through urban residents to support rural agricultural production, promote mutual trust and mutual assistance between urban and rural areas; "Xiamen Andu" mode: to culture, skills and psychology teaching as a medium, so that rural labor into the city as soon as possible become qualified citizens.
Finally, this paper points out that urban and rural community universities in Fujian and other parts of the country are one of the main bodies of rural social management innovation. They will effectively promote the "integration of urban and rural areas" and "ecological civilization construction" proposed by the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China to promote the solution of the "three rural" and "top priority" issues and the "beautiful China" strategy. Realization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G241;G648.6

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