本文選題：教育券制度 + 教育效率��； 參考：《蘭州大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：教育券制度這一概念是由美國著名自由主義經(jīng)濟學家米爾頓·弗里德曼于1955年首次提出,它是一種在教育領域實行代幣券制度的政府主張,該理論深刻地影響了美國乃至世界各國的公共教育改革。在高等教育領域實施教育券制度,即將市場競爭機制引入到高等教育領域中來,不僅可以擴大高校辦學自主權,促進高校間的良性競爭,而且還可以優(yōu)化教育資源配置,提高教育效率與教育公平,對于提升我國高等教育質(zhì)量具有重要的借鑒意義。 論文一共分為七章。第一章是緒論,該部分首先提出了本論文所要研究的主要問題及其研究背景和研究意義,然后對國內(nèi)外學者對于這一問題的研究現(xiàn)狀及其研究不足點進行了梳理,并對教育券制度和高等教育質(zhì)量進行了概念界定,在此基礎上介紹了本論文用到的幾種研究方法,并厘清了研究思路,指出了本研究的難點和創(chuàng)新點；第二章是教育券的理論與實踐,該部分首先對教育券的早期思想、產(chǎn)生的歷史背景、理論流派及其模型進行了介紹,并對高等教育券的核心理論進行了詳細分析,在此基礎之上,對教育券在國內(nèi)外的實踐及其經(jīng)驗進行了總結與分析；第三章是中國高等教育存在的主要問題及原因分析,該部分指出了我國高等教育發(fā)展過程中現(xiàn)存的生源危機、財務危機、質(zhì)量和投資效率下降、教育機會不均等等高等教育問題,并對其產(chǎn)生的原因進行了詳細地分析；第四章是解決我國高等教育面臨的主要問題的對策及其不足,對策主要有縮小或限制擴招規(guī)模、吸引優(yōu)質(zhì)生源,增加經(jīng)費投入,打破壟斷、引入競爭,轉變政府角色,加強高校內(nèi)部治理等,并對其不足之處進行了分析；第五章是本論文的主體部分,即教育券制度是突破我國高校體制改革瓶頸的有效途徑,該部分對高等教育領域引入教育券制度的必要性和可行性進行了詳細地論證,并對其面臨的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)進行了深入分析,并總結了國外高等教育券對我國高等教育的啟示；第六章是我國高等教育引入教育券制度的初步設想,該部分介紹了我國高等教育引進教育券制度的目標、設計與實施以及在設計與實施中應注意的一些問題：第七章總結了教育券對于我國高等教育的重要意義,同時指出了其存在一定的局限性。因此,我們應該結合我國國情,積極創(chuàng)造有利條件,推動教育券制度下的中國高等教育質(zhì)量改革。
[Abstract]:The concept of education voucher system was first put forward by Milton Friedman, a famous liberal economist in the United States, in 1955. It is a government proposal to implement the voucher system in the field of education. This theory has deeply influenced the public education reform in the United States and even the countries all over the world. The implementation of the voucher system in the field of higher education, that is, the introduction of the market competition mechanism into the field of higher education, can not only expand the autonomy of running schools and promote healthy competition among colleges and universities, but also optimize the allocation of educational resources. It is of great significance to improve the quality of higher education in China to improve the efficiency and fairness of education. The paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which firstly puts forward the main problems, the research background and the significance of this paper, and then combs the current research situation and the lack of research on this issue by domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of the definition of the educational voucher system and the quality of higher education, this paper introduces several research methods used in this paper, clarifies the research ideas, and points out the difficulties and innovations of this research. The second chapter is the theory and practice of educational voucher. This part firstly introduces the early thought, the historical background, the school of theory and its model, and analyzes the core theory of higher education voucher in detail. On this basis, the author summarizes and analyzes the practice and experience of educational voucher at home and abroad. Chapter three is the analysis of the main problems and causes of higher education in China. This part points out the existing problems of higher education in the course of the development of higher education in China, such as the crisis of source of students, the financial crisis, the decline of quality and investment efficiency, the uneven educational opportunities and so on, and analyzes the causes of its emergence in detail. The fourth chapter is the countermeasures to solve the main problems faced by higher education in China. The countermeasures are to reduce or limit the scale of enrollment, attract high-quality students, increase the investment of funds, break monopoly, introduce competition and change the role of government. The fifth chapter is the main part of this paper, that is, the education voucher system is an effective way to break through the bottleneck of our country's university system reform. In this part, the necessity and feasibility of introducing educational voucher system in the field of higher education are discussed in detail, the opportunities and challenges it faces are analyzed in depth, and the enlightenment of foreign higher education voucher to higher education in China is summarized. The sixth chapter is the tentative idea of introducing educational voucher system into higher education in China. This part introduces the goal of introducing educational voucher system into higher education in China. Design and implementation as well as some problems to be paid attention to in the design and implementation: chapter seven summarizes the significance of educational voucher to higher education in China and points out its limitations. Therefore, we should actively create favorable conditions to promote the quality reform of Chinese higher education under the system of educational voucher.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.2

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本文編號：2089783