【摘要】： 現(xiàn)代漢語離合詞是一種可以合用、可以離析的語言片斷，學(xué)者們對它的討論從沒有間斷過。本文對離合詞的本體研究匯合了類型學(xué)、認(rèn)知語言學(xué)以及功能主義理論等現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)研究方法，是推動離合詞的研究向縱深發(fā)展的一個努力。 文章的研究基點是：離合詞離析現(xiàn)象作為一種“語法結(jié)構(gòu)式”，有自己的表達形式和結(jié)構(gòu)意義，在語法中是一種自足的存在。本文沒有單純地羅列離合詞的語法、語義和語用特點，而是分為三部分從三個層次逐漸深入研究。第一章筆者從靜態(tài)層次上對離合詞現(xiàn)象作了全面地描寫和分析，對離合詞AB(合的形式)進行了語法和語義的分析，對AxB／B(x)A(離的形式)的離析方式和離析程度進行了分析，通過對離合詞整體的考察，找到“離合詞”的共性特征——擴展的有限性、不可推導(dǎo)性和不可回避性，從宏觀上給“離合詞現(xiàn)象”的客觀存在定位——離合詞離析式是一種語法結(jié)構(gòu)式；第二章我們著手于語言結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的分析和對單個語言單位成分的概括，分析考察了離合詞離析過程中的“前項成分”的動詞性、“后項成分”的名詞性以及“插入成分”的標(biāo)記性，重點討論了離合詞后項成分的名詞性以及相關(guān)的定指性，最后得出了“離析式具有述賓式結(jié)構(gòu)的語法特點，是一種有標(biāo)記的語言現(xiàn)象”的結(jié)論；第三章透過現(xiàn)象看到了本質(zhì)，述賓結(jié)構(gòu)的探討使得離合詞離析現(xiàn)象的解釋得到論證。筆者運用認(rèn)知學(xué)、類型學(xué)、言談交際的功能理論對離合詞進行了分析和解釋，并且使得離合詞的“低及物性”和“背景信息”的特征從中得到了更多的依據(jù)和支持。 第一部分是對語言結(jié)構(gòu)基本事實的觀察；第二部分是在第一部分對語言事實的觀察的基礎(chǔ)上，，對結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部規(guī)律的概括和總結(jié)；第三部分是對語言結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)的外部因素的概括。三部分內(nèi)容層層遞進，第一部分的描寫是對離合詞現(xiàn)象研究的第一層次，也是基礎(chǔ)；第二部分的內(nèi)在描寫找到了離合詞產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)，是對第一部分的解釋，但對下一部分而言僅僅是描寫；第三部分在大量的語言事實和語料文本基礎(chǔ)之上，對離合詞離析后的特殊的形式作動態(tài)的考察，從而得到充分的、根本的解釋——離合詞離析形式是一種系統(tǒng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)式，述賓結(jié)構(gòu)是離析的基礎(chǔ)，言談交際的促動是它產(chǎn)生的根本動因。 離合詞的離析情況是不可預(yù)測的，但離合詞現(xiàn)象卻是“有理可據(jù)的”，是解釋得通的。我們不是要尋找一條強制性的標(biāo)尺，而是追求解釋的理據(jù)。本文的理論意義就在于此。 本文對《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》中標(biāo)注的離合詞進行了完整的統(tǒng)計，對述賓式離合詞進行了窮盡性研究，同時充足豐富的第一手語料更增加了文章的可信度。
[Abstract]:Modern Chinese disjunctive word is a kind of language fragment that can be used and separated, and scholars have never stopped discussing it. In this paper, the ontological study of clutch words combines typology, cognitive linguistics and functionalism theory, which is an effort to promote the further development of the study of clutch words. As a kind of grammatical structure, the phenomenon of separation of clutch words has its own form of expression and structural meaning, and it is a kind of self-sufficient existence in grammar. Instead of simply listing the grammatical, semantic and pragmatic features of clutch words, this thesis is divided into three parts, which are gradually studied in three levels. In the first chapter, the author makes a comprehensive description and analysis of the phenomenon of AB from the static level, analyzes the grammar and semantics of the word AB, and analyzes the way and degree of segregation of the form of AxB/B (x) A (separation. Through the investigation of the whole of the words, we find out the common characteristic of the words, that is, the limitation, the derivation and the evasiveness of the extension. From the macro perspective, the objective existence of the phenomenon of "disjunctive words" is defined as a grammatical structure. In Chapter two, we begin with the analysis of the internal linguistic structure and the generalization of individual linguistic units. In this paper, the verb character of "preceding item", the noun character of "latter item component" and the mark-up of "insert component" in the process of separation are analyzed, and the noun character and relative definitiveness of the latter term component are discussed in detail. Finally, the author draws the conclusion that "segregation has the grammatical characteristics of declarative object structure and is a marked linguistic phenomenon". Chapter three sees the essence through the phenomenon, and the discussion of the object structure makes the explanation of the segregation phenomenon of the disjunctive words to be proved. The author uses cognitive, typological and communicative functional theories to analyze and explain the words, and makes the characteristics of "low and transitivity" and "background information" of the words to get more basis and support. The first part is the observation of the basic facts of the language structure; the second part is the summary of the internal laws of the structure on the basis of the observation of the language facts in the first part; the third part is the summary of the external factors related to the language structure. The description of the first part is the first level of the study of the phenomenon of clutch words, and the second part of the internal description found the basis of the creation of the words, is the interpretation of the first part. The third part, on the basis of a large number of linguistic facts and corpus texts, makes a dynamic investigation on the special forms of the separation of the words, and obtains a sufficient number of them. The basic explanation-the form of segregation is a systematic grammatical structure, the object structure is the basis of segregation, and the motivation of verbal communication is the fundamental cause of its production. The segregation of disjunctive words is unpredictable, but the phenomenon of disjunctive words is reasonable and reasonable. We are not looking for a mandatory scale, but for justifications for interpretation. This is the theoretical significance of this paper. This paper makes a complete statistical analysis of the disjunctive words marked in the Modern Chinese Dictionary, and makes an exhaustive study of the paraphrase words. At the same time, the abundant firsthand corpus increases the credibility of the article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：H146

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 張黎黎;現(xiàn)代漢語離合字組研究[D];湖北師范學(xué)院;2011年

2 蘭海洋;中高級階段泰國學(xué)生漢語離合詞習(xí)得研究[D];廣西民族大學(xué);2011年

3 李曉東;中亞留學(xué)生離合詞使用偏誤分析[D];新疆師范大學(xué);2010年

4 魯斯瑪;蒙古學(xué)生習(xí)得漢語離合詞研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

5 劉茜;《漢語教程》中的離合詞研究及留學(xué)生習(xí)得偏誤分析[D];華中師范大學(xué);2012年

6 劉穆楠;基于HSK動態(tài)語料庫的留學(xué)生動賓離合詞習(xí)得偏誤研究[D];湖北工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：2232441