【摘要】：“是……的”句為現(xiàn)代漢語中的常用句型,因其靈活性和多變性,相關(guān)研究一直存有爭論,且外國留學(xué)生在使用該句型時(shí)表現(xiàn)出了普遍性的偏誤。筆者試圖從語義的角度,對“是……的”句進(jìn)行分類研究,以解決其教學(xué)難、偏誤多的問題。目前學(xué)界一般依據(jù)“焦點(diǎn)理論”認(rèn)為“是……的”句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,但首先“是……的”與英語中的強(qiáng)調(diào)格式不同,是常見口語句式,其次“是……的”句也不能還原成一般的非強(qiáng)調(diào)句格式,最后不能依據(jù)句子中有焦點(diǎn)就判定句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。在口語談?wù)撝小笆恰摹本湎褚环N靈活的裝置對目標(biāo)信息做出確認(rèn)和說明。因此,筆者提出“是……的”句為判斷句,而且屬于非等同判斷句,并從判斷的目的、成分間的語義關(guān)系以及“是”的省略三個(gè)方面論證此種分類的合理性。通過對“是……的”句的四種相關(guān)結(jié)論進(jìn)行再討論,筆者總結(jié)出“是……的”句使用的四種情況,判斷已然事件、判斷動(dòng)作狀態(tài)和判斷一般事實(shí)真理、判斷未然情況,學(xué)者們一般只考慮到判斷已然事件這一部分,但筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),不論從語法結(jié)構(gòu)還是語義語用角度分析,都應(yīng)該認(rèn)定“他是早上去的公園”和“他一般是早上去公園的”為同一句式。筆者通過語料庫提取大量真實(shí)的語料,采用變換分析法等對該句型進(jìn)行定性分析。從語義關(guān)系的角度,依據(jù)判斷的目標(biāo)信息的不同,將“是……的”句分為身份信息判斷和動(dòng)作信息判斷。根據(jù)判定的信息類型不同,將身份信息判斷分為了判斷所屬、屬性、類別、功能、用途、來源、方式、時(shí)間信息、處所信息、施事、需求及計(jì)劃、原因等十二種情況。根據(jù)判斷句的時(shí)體信息,將動(dòng)作信息判斷分為了三類:已然動(dòng)作的信息判斷、一般動(dòng)作的信息判斷、未然動(dòng)作的信息判斷。通過收集目前主流的漢語書和漢語大綱,在分析“是……的“句的分布后,筆者提出將“是……的”句定為判斷句、區(qū)分動(dòng)作信息判斷句與身份信息判斷句、使用提問法教學(xué),在講解身份判斷句中,先講解“是……的”結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部,由名詞性、形容詞性成分充當(dāng)主要句法成分的句子,之后再講解含有謂詞性成分的判斷句等觀點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:"Yes. Because of its flexibility and variability, related studies have been controversial, and foreign students in the use of this sentence pattern has shown a general bias. From the semantic point of view, the author tries to "Yes." In order to solve the problem that teaching is difficult and errors are many. At present, the academic circle generally thinks "yes" according to "focus theory". "the sentence is an emphatic sentence, but first" is. Different from the emphasis format in English, it is a common spoken sentence pattern, followed by. The sentence can not be reduced to a normal non-stressed sentence format, and the sentence can not be judged as an emphatic sentence on the basis of the focus of the sentence. In colloquial conversation, yes. The sentence is like a flexible device to confirm and explain the target information. Therefore, the author puts forward "Yes." The "sentence" is a judgment sentence and belongs to a non-equivalent judgment sentence. The rationality of this classification is demonstrated from three aspects: the purpose of judgment, the semantic relationship between components and the omission of "yes". Through the "yes". The four relevant conclusions of the sentence are discussed again, and the author concludes that. In the four cases used in the sentence, judging the event, judging the state of action, judging the truth of the general fact, judging the situation before it, scholars generally only consider the part of judging the event, but the author finds that, From the perspective of grammatical structure and semantics and pragmatics, we should regard "he went to the park in the morning" as the same sentence as "he generally went to the park in the morning". In this paper, a large number of real data are extracted from the corpus, and the qualitative analysis of the sentence pattern is carried out by means of transformation analysis. From the point of view of semantic relation, according to the difference of the target information, it will be. The sentence is divided into identity information judgment and action information judgment. According to the different types of information, the judgment of identity information is divided into 12 situations, such as the judgment belongs, attributes, categories, functions, uses, sources, methods, time information, local information, agency, needs and plans, reasons and so on. According to the temporal and aspect information of the sentence, the judgment of action information is divided into three categories: the information judgment of the existing action, the information judgment of the general action, and the information judgment of the preemptive action. Through the collection of current mainstream Chinese books and Chinese syllabuses, the analysis is. After the distribution of the sentence, the author proposes that the "will" be. The sentence is divided into action information judgment sentence and identity information judgment sentence, teaching with questioning method, explaining "first" in explaining identity judgment sentence. Within the structure, a sentence with nominal and adjective elements acting as the main syntactic component, and then explaining the judgment sentence with predicate elements, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H195.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 荀恩東;饒高琦;肖曉悅;臧嬌嬌;;大數(shù)據(jù)背景下BCC語料庫的研制[J];語料庫語言學(xué);2016年01期

2 杉村博文;;論兩類“的”字句與其中助詞“的”的句法性質(zhì)[J];世界漢語教學(xué);2015年01期

3 王燦龍;;“是”字判斷句名詞賓語的指稱形式[J];世界漢語教學(xué);2013年02期

4 熊仲儒;;“是……的”的構(gòu)件分析[J];中國語文;2007年04期

5 齊滬揚(yáng);張秋杭;;“是……的”句研究述評[J];廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年04期

6 徐陽春;錢書新;;試論“的”字語用功能的同一性——“的”字逆向凸顯的作用[J];世界漢語教學(xué);2005年03期

7 楊春雍;對外漢語教學(xué)中“是……的”句型分析[J];云南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年05期

8 王光全;過去完成體標(biāo)記“的”在對話語體中的使用條件[J];語言研究;2003年04期

9 木村英樹;;“的”字句的句式語義及“的”字的功能擴(kuò)展[J];中國語文;2003年04期

10 陸丙甫;;“的”的基本功能和派生功能——從描寫性到區(qū)別性再到指稱性[J];世界漢語教學(xué);2003年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉菁雯;對外漢語教材中“是......的”句的研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號：2151557