本文選題：被動(dòng)句 + 被動(dòng)態(tài)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：任何一種語(yǔ)言都有主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句的區(qū)別。被動(dòng)句在我們的生活交際中扮演著重要的角色,也一直是語(yǔ)言學(xué)家們研究和關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。被動(dòng)句在俄語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)中都是十分重要的一類句式。俄語(yǔ)屬于語(yǔ)法形態(tài)手段十分發(fā)達(dá)的屈折型語(yǔ)言,其詞匯的形態(tài)變化十分豐富,不同形態(tài)的詞表達(dá)不同的語(yǔ)法意義。而漢語(yǔ)在形態(tài)上欠發(fā)達(dá),主要以語(yǔ)義為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)增詞或者減詞來(lái)表達(dá)不同的語(yǔ)法意義,因而屬于語(yǔ)義型或意合型語(yǔ)言。但被動(dòng)句在漢語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)中都是基本的、且極為重要的一種句式結(jié)構(gòu)。漢俄被動(dòng)句雖然都強(qiáng)調(diào)承受行為動(dòng)作的客體,但在形式、語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)用等方面有較大差異。本文將以俄語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)中的被動(dòng)句為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)兩種語(yǔ)言中的被動(dòng)句這一特殊句式進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。將主要從形式、結(jié)構(gòu)、功能等方面對(duì)二者進(jìn)行對(duì)比,找出二者在各個(gè)方面的共性與個(gè)性。此外,還將分別對(duì)中、俄第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者使用俄、漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句的情況進(jìn)行偏誤分析,希望能為俄、漢語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)句教學(xué)提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒。
[Abstract]:There is a distinction between active and passive sentences in any language. Passive sentences play an important role in our daily communication and have always been the focus of linguists. Passive sentences are very important in both Russian and Chinese. Russian is a kind of inflectional language with highly developed grammatical and morphological means, and its lexical morphology is very rich, and different forms of words express different grammatical meanings. On the other hand, Chinese is underdeveloped in morphology, mainly based on semantics, which expresses different grammatical meanings by adding or subtracting words, so it belongs to semantic or parataxis language. But passive sentence is a basic and very important sentence structure in both Chinese and Russian. Although Chinese and Russian passive sentences emphasize the object of action, there are great differences in form, grammar and pragmatics. This paper focuses on the passive sentences in Russian and Chinese, and makes a comparative analysis of the passive sentences in the two languages. This paper compares the two from the aspects of form, structure and function, and finds out their commonness and individuality in all aspects. In addition, we will analyze the errors of Chinese and Chinese passive sentences in order to provide some experience for the teaching of Russian and Chinese passive sentences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H195.3;H35

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本文編號(hào)：1916552