發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-06 17:14

【摘要】：物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué)是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)物理基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)最重要、最關(guān)鍵的教學(xué)手段,其不僅可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察能力、操作能力、探究能力、創(chuàng)新思維,還可以在潛移默化中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)物理的興趣。本課題是在理論知識(shí)與實(shí)踐研究相結(jié)合的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用了問卷調(diào)查和查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的研究方法,對(duì)高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀以及不同實(shí)驗(yàn)類型中物理教師具體行為與培養(yǎng)學(xué)生不同層次的學(xué)習(xí)興趣之間的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行了深入調(diào)查,最終歸納總結(jié)出通過高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的具體策略。本文共分為五章:第一章介紹了在高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)過程中怎樣培養(yǎng)高中生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的問題提出背景以及相應(yīng)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。第二章界定了相關(guān)概念,分別介紹了物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的概念、種類和物理學(xué)習(xí)興趣的概念、發(fā)展水平、作用、學(xué)習(xí)興趣與學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的關(guān)系以及不同興趣發(fā)展水平與中學(xué)生能力發(fā)展的關(guān)系等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。第三章重點(diǎn)高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)對(duì)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的調(diào)查與分析,其中包括調(diào)查問卷對(duì)象的選取、問卷的實(shí)施過程、對(duì)問卷結(jié)果的處理與對(duì)比分析,為接下來根據(jù)具體情況教學(xué)策略的制定提供了必要的事實(shí)根據(jù)。第四章從不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)類型方面闡述了在高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣的教學(xué)策略。其中在演示實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,提出了注重啟發(fā)性、明確觀察重點(diǎn)、配合要點(diǎn)講解等教學(xué)策略來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的直覺興趣和關(guān)注興趣;在學(xué)生分組實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,提出了自主設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)、明確實(shí)驗(yàn)分工、注重過程評(píng)價(jià)等教學(xué)策略來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的操作興趣和因果認(rèn)識(shí)興趣;在邊學(xué)邊實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,提出了注重循序漸進(jìn)、自制簡易儀器、恰當(dāng)選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容等教學(xué)策略來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的因果認(rèn)識(shí)興趣和概括認(rèn)識(shí)興趣;在課外實(shí)驗(yàn)與制作方面,提出了充分利用教材小實(shí)驗(yàn)、滲透生活常識(shí)、開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室、改進(jìn)評(píng)價(jià)方式等教學(xué)策略來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的應(yīng)用興趣。第五章總結(jié)了本課題的研究結(jié)果并指出了本課題研究的不足之處。
[Abstract]:The teaching of physics experiment is the most important and key teaching means for students to learn the basic knowledge of physics. It can not only train students' observation ability, operation ability, inquiry ability, innovation thinking, but also cultivate their observation ability, operation ability, inquiry ability and creative thinking. It is also possible to cultivate students' interest in learning physics in the process of imperceptibility. On the basis of the combination of theoretical knowledge and practical research, this paper makes use of the methods of questionnaire investigation and consulting relevant literature. The present situation of physics experiment teaching in senior high school and the relationship between the specific behavior of physics teachers in different types of experiments and the cultivation of students' learning interests at different levels are investigated in depth. Finally, it summarizes the specific strategies of cultivating students' interest in learning through physics experiment teaching in senior high school. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter introduces the background of how to cultivate high school students' interest in learning in the process of physics experiment teaching in senior high school and the corresponding research situation at home and abroad. The second chapter defines the related concepts, introduces the concept of physics experiment teaching, the category and the concept of interest in physics learning, the level of development, and the role of physics experiment teaching. The relationship between learning interest and learning motivation, and the relationship between different interest development level and middle school students' ability development. The third chapter focuses on the investigation and analysis of physical experiment teaching in senior high school to cultivate students' interest in learning, including the selection of questionnaire objects, the implementation process of the questionnaire, the processing and comparative analysis of the results of the questionnaire. It provides the necessary factual basis for the formulation of teaching strategy according to the specific situation. The fourth chapter expounds the teaching strategy of cultivating students' interest in physics experiment teaching in senior high school from different experimental types. In the aspect of demonstration experiment, the author puts forward some teaching strategies to cultivate students' intuitive interest and attention interest, such as paying attention to enlightenment, making clear the observation emphasis and cooperating with the key points explanation and so on. In the aspect of group experiment, some teaching strategies, such as self-designed experiment, clear division of labor and process evaluation, are put forward to cultivate students' interest in operation and knowledge of cause and effect. In the aspect of learning-while-experiment, this paper puts forward some teaching strategies, such as paying attention to the gradual and orderly development, making simple instruments, choosing the content of experiment properly, and so on, in order to cultivate students' interest in knowing cause and effect and generalizing knowledge. In the aspect of extra-curricular experiment and production, some teaching strategies, such as making full use of small experiment in teaching material, infiltrating common sense of life, opening up laboratory and improving evaluation method, are put forward to cultivate students' interest in application. The fifth chapter summarizes the research results and points out the shortcomings of this research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：聊城大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

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