農(nóng)村高中低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的案例研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-08 17:17
【摘要】：物理是一門(mén)以實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的課程,沒(méi)有實(shí)驗(yàn)也就沒(méi)有物理。作為高中物理教師,需要充分發(fā)揮物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的作用,提高物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的質(zhì)量,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新能力�，F(xiàn)在,大家越來(lái)越關(guān)注低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn),在《中學(xué)物理新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中,新課改為我們呈現(xiàn)出其核心思想是“從生活走向物理,從物理走向社會(huì)”,把生產(chǎn)、生活、學(xué)習(xí)用品制作成實(shí)驗(yàn)器材,利用身邊的東西創(chuàng)設(shè)實(shí)驗(yàn),生活即物理,這正是低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的意義所在。我校是一所農(nóng)村高中,財(cái)政并不富裕,大家養(yǎng)成了少花錢(qián)多做事的習(xí)慣,低成本實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始在我們的校園里生根發(fā)芽。本研究從教學(xué)需要出發(fā),收集身邊的低成本、無(wú)成本材料,結(jié)合個(gè)人研究特長(zhǎng),學(xué)習(xí)、改進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新了一些低成本的物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。論文共由6個(gè)部分組成。1引言是問(wèn)題的提出部分,分析了課題的提出背景,介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究現(xiàn)狀,說(shuō)明了研究所要解決的問(wèn)題以及研究工作的的實(shí)用價(jià)值與理論意義。2力學(xué)低成本實(shí)驗(yàn)的案例研究,包括伽利略理想斜面實(shí)驗(yàn)、探究加速度與力和質(zhì)量的定量關(guān)系實(shí)驗(yàn)、模擬電梯、用塑料水瓶演示的超重和失重。3電學(xué)低成本實(shí)驗(yàn)的案例研究,包括USB供電裝置制作、小功率紫外燈和中小功率紅光激光筆的改裝制作、安培力方向自制學(xué)具系列、“跳環(huán)”實(shí)驗(yàn)、“落磁”實(shí)驗(yàn)、家用電器待機(jī)功率的測(cè)量。4熱學(xué)低成本實(shí)驗(yàn)的案例研究,包括自制數(shù)碼顯微鏡觀(guān)察布朗運(yùn)動(dòng)、用塑料瓶演示做功改變內(nèi)能、對(duì)自制電子禮炮的仿制和改進(jìn)、熱力學(xué)橡皮筋、煤氣灶的節(jié)能研究。5光學(xué)低成本實(shí)驗(yàn)的案例研究,包括簡(jiǎn)易光學(xué)放大演示平臺(tái)、光的干涉和衍射演示實(shí)驗(yàn)教具、單縫衍射與雙縫干涉學(xué)具、教你如何配眼鏡。6結(jié)論,介紹了教學(xué)實(shí)踐中開(kāi)展低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)所取得的成果,結(jié)合相關(guān)的教育學(xué)和心理學(xué)理論,分析了在高中開(kāi)展低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣、觸發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)的作用,為高中物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的改革提供了有益的參考,也為高中物理教師在今后的教學(xué)中開(kāi)展低成本物理實(shí)驗(yàn)提供了寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Physics is an experimental-based course, without which there is no physics. As a high school physics teacher, it is necessary to give full play to the role of physics experiment, improve the quality of physics experiment teaching, and cultivate students' innovative ability through experiment. Now, people are paying more and more attention to low-cost physical experiments. In the New Curriculum Standard for Physics in Middle Schools, the new curriculum has changed to our core idea of "from life to physics, from physics to society," and from production to life. Learning supplies are made into experimental equipment, and experiments are created by using the things around them. Life is physics, which is the meaning of low-cost physical experiments. Our school is a rural high school, financial is not rich, we have developed the habit of doing more with less money, low-cost experiments have begun to take root in our campus. Based on the teaching needs, this study collected low-cost and non-cost materials, combined with individual research expertise, learning, improvement and innovation of some low-cost physical experiments. This paper is composed of six parts. 1 the introduction is the part of the question, the background of the subject is analyzed, and the research status of low-cost physical experiments at home and abroad is introduced. The problems to be solved and the practical value and theoretical significance of the research work are explained. 2 case studies of low cost experiments in mechanics, including Galileo ideal inclined plane experiment, quantitative relationship between acceleration and force and mass are explored. Simulated elevators, overweight and weightlessness demonstrated with plastic water bottles. 3 case studies of low cost electrical experiments, including the manufacture of USB power supply devices, the modification of low power ultraviolet lamps and medium and small power red laser pens, and the series of home-made Ampere direction learning tools, The "jump ring" experiment, the "magnetic drop" experiment, the measurement of the standby power of household appliances. 4 case studies of low cost thermal experiments, including the observation of Brownian motion by self-made digital microscope, the use of plastic bottles to demonstrate work to change internal energy, Imitation and improvement of self-made electronic gift gun, energy saving of thermodynamics rubber band and gas stove. 5 case study of optical low cost experiment, including simple optical amplification demonstration platform, demonstration aids of light interference and diffraction, Single slit diffraction and double slit interferometry, teaching you how to fit glasses. 6 conclusion. The paper introduces the achievement of low cost physical experiment in teaching practice, and combines relevant pedagogy and psychology theory, This paper analyzes the effect of low cost physics experiment in senior high school on improving students' interest in learning and triggering students' internal motivation of learning, which provides a useful reference for the reform of physics experiment teaching in senior high school. It also provides valuable experience for high school physics teachers to carry out low-cost physics experiments in the future teaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.7
本文編號(hào)：2368704
[Abstract]:Physics is an experimental-based course, without which there is no physics. As a high school physics teacher, it is necessary to give full play to the role of physics experiment, improve the quality of physics experiment teaching, and cultivate students' innovative ability through experiment. Now, people are paying more and more attention to low-cost physical experiments. In the New Curriculum Standard for Physics in Middle Schools, the new curriculum has changed to our core idea of "from life to physics, from physics to society," and from production to life. Learning supplies are made into experimental equipment, and experiments are created by using the things around them. Life is physics, which is the meaning of low-cost physical experiments. Our school is a rural high school, financial is not rich, we have developed the habit of doing more with less money, low-cost experiments have begun to take root in our campus. Based on the teaching needs, this study collected low-cost and non-cost materials, combined with individual research expertise, learning, improvement and innovation of some low-cost physical experiments. This paper is composed of six parts. 1 the introduction is the part of the question, the background of the subject is analyzed, and the research status of low-cost physical experiments at home and abroad is introduced. The problems to be solved and the practical value and theoretical significance of the research work are explained. 2 case studies of low cost experiments in mechanics, including Galileo ideal inclined plane experiment, quantitative relationship between acceleration and force and mass are explored. Simulated elevators, overweight and weightlessness demonstrated with plastic water bottles. 3 case studies of low cost electrical experiments, including the manufacture of USB power supply devices, the modification of low power ultraviolet lamps and medium and small power red laser pens, and the series of home-made Ampere direction learning tools, The "jump ring" experiment, the "magnetic drop" experiment, the measurement of the standby power of household appliances. 4 case studies of low cost thermal experiments, including the observation of Brownian motion by self-made digital microscope, the use of plastic bottles to demonstrate work to change internal energy, Imitation and improvement of self-made electronic gift gun, energy saving of thermodynamics rubber band and gas stove. 5 case study of optical low cost experiment, including simple optical amplification demonstration platform, demonstration aids of light interference and diffraction, Single slit diffraction and double slit interferometry, teaching you how to fit glasses. 6 conclusion. The paper introduces the achievement of low cost physical experiment in teaching practice, and combines relevant pedagogy and psychology theory, This paper analyzes the effect of low cost physics experiment in senior high school on improving students' interest in learning and triggering students' internal motivation of learning, which provides a useful reference for the reform of physics experiment teaching in senior high school. It also provides valuable experience for high school physics teachers to carry out low-cost physics experiments in the future teaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.7
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