【摘要】：新一輪的課程改革,顛覆了傳統(tǒng)教育觀念下教材的絕對化和權(quán)威化的地位。教材不再是學(xué)科知識的簡單載體,而是重要的課程資源,教師也不再是單一的教材使用者,而是課程資源的開發(fā)者,具有開發(fā)教材的權(quán)利和責(zé)任。新課程改革提倡以學(xué)生的發(fā)展為根本,化學(xué)教師在使用教材時應(yīng)自覺主動地對教材進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),使教材更好地適合教育教學(xué)的需要。鑒于目前專門研究初中化學(xué)教材二次開發(fā)的文獻(xiàn)較少,于是筆者在研究教材內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,以初中化學(xué)教材二次開發(fā)為切入點,提出了一些教材二次開發(fā)的方法,目的是更好的幫助教師進(jìn)行教材的二次開發(fā)。本文在研究相關(guān)教材二次開發(fā)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納總結(jié)出教材二次開發(fā)的內(nèi)涵和二次開發(fā)前期工作;以建構(gòu)主義理論、范例教學(xué)理論為指導(dǎo),將科學(xué)性、實用性、結(jié)合時代和科技發(fā)展、以學(xué)生為中心作為二次開發(fā)的原則;以文獻(xiàn)研究法、訪談法和教育經(jīng)驗總結(jié)法對初中化學(xué)教材二次開發(fā)的方法進(jìn)行研究,這些開發(fā)方法主要有對教材內(nèi)容的適度增刪、替換,對教材教學(xué)順序的適當(dāng)調(diào)整、對教材活動內(nèi)容的活化加工和初中化學(xué)教材教育價值的深度挖掘等方面,并列舉了一些案例。旨在為化學(xué)教師教材二次開發(fā)提供基本的思路和方法,使教師了解在二次開發(fā)中如何對教材進(jìn)行處理,為教師創(chuàng)造性、新穎性、啟發(fā)性地使用教材提供方案。使教材中原有的穩(wěn)定的知識結(jié)構(gòu)體系發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變,基于化學(xué)學(xué)科思想的主動的二次開發(fā),有利于引導(dǎo)教師從“教教材”向“用教材教”轉(zhuǎn)變,幫助教師真正地實現(xiàn)用好教材。教師對化學(xué)教材進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),不僅是教師專業(yè)水平提高的一條有效途徑,而且能夠滿足學(xué)生需求,確立學(xué)生對教材開發(fā)使用的主體地位,提高學(xué)生對教材知識以及學(xué)科思想的認(rèn)識水平�；瘜W(xué)教材的二次開發(fā)應(yīng)該以課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為指導(dǎo),正確認(rèn)識教材,同時應(yīng)充分考慮教師自身的教學(xué)能力、學(xué)生的知識水平和外界環(huán)境等因素。
[Abstract]:The new round of curriculum reform subverts the absolute and authoritative status of teaching materials under the traditional educational concept. Teaching material is no longer a simple carrier of subject knowledge, but an important curriculum resource. The teacher is no longer a single user of teaching material, but a developer of curriculum resources, and has the right and responsibility to develop teaching material. The new curriculum reform advocates taking the development of students as the basis, and chemistry teachers should consciously and actively develop the teaching materials in order to make them more suitable for the needs of education and teaching. In view of the lack of literature devoted to the secondary development of junior high school chemistry textbooks, the author puts forward some methods of secondary development of junior high school chemistry textbooks on the basis of studying the contents of the textbooks and taking the secondary development of junior high school chemistry textbooks as the starting point. The aim is to help teachers to develop the teaching materials again. On the basis of studying the literature of secondary development of teaching materials, this paper summarizes the connotation of secondary development of textbooks and the preliminary work of secondary development. Under the guidance of constructivism theory and model teaching theory, the principles of scientific, practical, combined with the development of the times and science and technology, and taking students as the center of the secondary development; The methods of secondary development of junior high school chemistry teaching materials are studied by the methods of literature research, interview and educational experience summarization. These methods mainly include the moderate addition and deletion of the contents of the textbooks, the replacement, the proper adjustment of the teaching order of the teaching materials. This paper discusses the activation and processing of the teaching materials and the deep excavation of the educational value of the chemistry teaching materials in junior high school, and enumerates some cases. The purpose of this paper is to provide basic ideas and methods for the secondary development of chemistry teachers' teaching materials, so that teachers can understand how to deal with the teaching materials in the second development, so as to provide a scheme for teachers' creativity, novelty and enlightening use of teaching materials. The transformation of the original knowledge structure system in the teaching materials and the active secondary development based on the thought of the chemistry subject are helpful to guide the teachers to change from "teaching materials" to "teaching with teaching materials" and to help the teachers to make good use of the teaching materials. The secondary development of chemistry teaching materials by teachers is not only an effective way to improve the professional level of teachers, but also can meet the needs of students and establish the main position of students in the development and use of teaching materials. Improve the students' understanding of the knowledge of teaching materials and subject ideas. The secondary development of chemistry teaching materials should be guided by the curriculum standard and understand the teaching materials correctly. At the same time, the factors such as teachers' own teaching ability, students' knowledge level and external environment should be fully considered.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.8

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本文編號：2354603