【摘要】：新課標(biāo)明確指出語文是“工具性和人文性的統(tǒng)一”,并提出“應(yīng)進(jìn)一步提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng),使學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的語文應(yīng)用能力和一定的語文審美能力、探究能力,為終身學(xué)習(xí)和有個(gè)性的發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)”。正是由于新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的這一要求,語文教學(xué)進(jìn)入了新一輪的教學(xué)改革。而語文教學(xué)的根在于閱讀,閱讀教學(xué)也因此成為語文教學(xué)改革的重點(diǎn)。這就要求教師轉(zhuǎn)變教學(xué)觀念、改變過去灌輸式的教法,改變教學(xué)效率低且效果差的嚴(yán)峻局面。筆者通過研究《高中語文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》、國內(nèi)外關(guān)于有效性的相關(guān)知識,將閱讀教學(xué)有效性的內(nèi)涵定義為以遵循科學(xué)規(guī)律為基礎(chǔ)的以追求閱讀速度、閱讀質(zhì)量、閱讀興趣為目標(biāo)的以學(xué)生發(fā)展為核心的動(dòng)態(tài)教學(xué)。并圍繞著對這一內(nèi)涵的理解,結(jié)合文藝學(xué)家、特級教師、一線教師對課文的解讀、實(shí)習(xí)期間的課堂觀察以及自身的實(shí)踐教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),進(jìn)一步摸索行之有效的閱讀教學(xué)方法來激發(fā)學(xué)生的閱讀興趣、提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力、豐富學(xué)生的閱讀收獲,從而提高閱讀教學(xué)的有效性。本文探究的內(nèi)容主要有三大章,第一章闡述的是閱讀教學(xué)有效性的意義。先論述閱讀教學(xué)有效性的概念,掌握其基本內(nèi)涵；再在此基礎(chǔ)上從教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)過程、教學(xué)評價(jià)三方面探討閱讀教學(xué)有效性的基本特征；最后概括高中語文閱讀教學(xué)無效或低效的現(xiàn)狀,并將閱讀教學(xué)有效性的缺失的主要表現(xiàn)概括為教學(xué)內(nèi)容的膚淺化、教學(xué)過程的全盤化、教學(xué)方法的模式化。第二章主要是結(jié)合具體實(shí)例論述達(dá)成閱讀教學(xué)有效性的教學(xué)模式和教學(xué)形式。第一節(jié)主要介紹的是符合高中生閱讀基礎(chǔ)的先學(xué)后教的模式,介紹該模式的主要環(huán)節(jié)及使教學(xué)模式有效的幾點(diǎn)要求；第二節(jié)介紹的是主要的教學(xué)行為,分別是具有啟發(fā)性的講授、帶有目的性的指導(dǎo)、具備思維價(jià)值的提問、具有靈活性的教學(xué)調(diào)控。第三章研究的是閱讀教學(xué)有效性的實(shí)施策略,分別從閱讀興趣、閱讀能力、閱讀習(xí)慣三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行探究。首先教師要允許學(xué)生的自由表達(dá)、相信學(xué)生的閱讀能力、尊重學(xué)生的個(gè)性化解讀,從而激發(fā)學(xué)生閱讀興趣；其次給學(xué)生以方法指導(dǎo)提高學(xué)生閱讀能力,方法指導(dǎo)主要從具體閱讀方法、思維方法、豐富教學(xué)內(nèi)容的方法著手；最后給學(xué)生以榜樣培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀習(xí)慣。
[Abstract]:The new curriculum standard clearly points out that Chinese is "the unity of instrumentality and humanism", and puts forward that "students' Chinese literacy should be further improved so that students can have strong Chinese application ability, certain Chinese aesthetic ability and inquiry ability." Lay the foundation for lifelong learning and the development of personality. Because of this requirement of the new curriculum standard, Chinese teaching has entered a new round of teaching reform. The root of Chinese teaching lies in reading, so reading teaching has become the focus of Chinese teaching reform. This requires teachers to change their teaching concepts, to change the past teaching methods, and to change the grim situation that teaching efficiency is low and the effect is poor. By studying the New Curriculum Standards of Senior High School Chinese, the author defines the connotation of the effectiveness of reading teaching as the pursuit of reading speed and reading quality based on the scientific law. Reading interest as the goal of student development as the core of the dynamic teaching. And around the understanding of this connotation, combined with literature and art scholars, special teachers, first-line teachers to the text interpretation, practice during the classroom observation and their own practical teaching experience, Further explore effective reading teaching methods to stimulate students' reading interest, improve students' reading ability, enrich students' reading harvest, and improve the effectiveness of reading teaching. There are three chapters in this paper, the first chapter is the meaning of reading teaching effectiveness. This paper first discusses the concept of the effectiveness of reading teaching, grasps its basic connotation, and then probes into the basic characteristics of the effectiveness of reading teaching from three aspects: teaching goal, teaching process and teaching evaluation. Finally, it summarizes the current situation of ineffective or inefficient teaching of Chinese reading in senior high school. The main performance of the lack of effectiveness of reading teaching is the superficial teaching content, the overall teaching process and the pattern of teaching methods. The second chapter mainly discusses the teaching mode and teaching form of achieving the effectiveness of reading teaching with concrete examples. The first section mainly introduces the model of learning before teaching, which accords with the reading foundation of high school students, introduces the main links of the model and several requirements for making the teaching model effective, the second section introduces the main teaching behavior. They are instructive instruction, purposeful instruction, questions with thinking value and flexible teaching regulation. The third chapter studies the effective implementation strategies of reading teaching, from three aspects of reading interest, reading ability, reading habits. First of all, teachers should allow students to express freely, believe in students' reading ability, respect students' individualized reading, so as to stimulate students' reading interest; secondly, give students ways to guide and improve students' reading ability. Methods the instruction mainly starts from the concrete reading method, the thought method, the method which enriches the teaching content, and finally gives the student to train the student's reading habit with the example.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.33

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