【摘要】：概念是物理學(xué)科的基石,是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的保障,物理概念的掌握對(duì)學(xué)生而言極其重要。本文以廣西壯族自治區(qū)南寧市四所中學(xué)共474名初一學(xué)生作為研究對(duì)象,采用自主設(shè)計(jì)的開(kāi)放性問(wèn)卷作為調(diào)查工具。調(diào)查學(xué)生在沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)行物理學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)之前,關(guān)于物理力學(xué)中重力、彈力、摩擦力等概念的前概念。同時(shí),分析學(xué)生的背景因素如性別、文理科意向、父母受教育情況、是否去過(guò)科技館等因素對(duì)前概念的影響。結(jié)果如下：(1)總的來(lái)說(shuō),學(xué)生對(duì)各概念的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)知較多。(2)相關(guān)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)清晰,但對(duì)物理現(xiàn)象的解釋不樂(lè)觀。(3)學(xué)生在前概念形成的影響因素中,性別、文理分科意向、父母文化程度的影響無(wú)明顯差異。(4)家庭教育對(duì)學(xué)生較正確前概念有著明顯的影響,家庭居住地在城市的學(xué)生、父母文化程度較高、去過(guò)科技館的學(xué)生具有較正確前概念。(5)學(xué)生對(duì)重力概念、摩擦力概念認(rèn)知情況較好,具有較正確前概念的人數(shù)分別為67%和33%。(6)學(xué)生對(duì)彈力概念、力的作用是相互的、力的作用效果的概念認(rèn)知較差,具有較正確前概念的人數(shù)分別7%、5%和0.6%。本研究結(jié)果可豐富力學(xué)前概念的理論研究,還可為一線教師了解學(xué)生前概念情況和改進(jìn)教育觀念和教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。
[Abstract]:Concept is the cornerstone of physics and the guarantee of students' study. It is very important for students to master the concept of physics. In this paper, 474 junior high school students in four middle schools in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, were chosen as the research objects, and the self-designed open questionnaire was used as the investigation tool. This paper investigates the preconceptions of the concepts of gravity, elasticity, friction and so on before the students study physics systematically. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of background factors such as gender, intention of arts and science, parents' education and whether they have been to science and technology museum. The results are as follows: (1) in general, students have more misconceptions about each concept. (2) the relevant knowledge points are clear, but the explanation of physical phenomena is not optimistic. There was no significant difference in the influence of parents' educational level. (4) Family education had a significant influence on the students' correct pre-concept, and the students whose families lived in the city had a higher level of education. Students who have been to the Science and Technology Museum have a more correct pre-concept. (5) students have a better understanding of the concept of gravity and friction, and the number of students with a more correct pre-concept is 67% and 33.3% respectively. (6) the effect of force on the concept of elastic force is mutual. The cognition of the concept of the effect of force is poor, and the number of people with correct pre-concept is 75% and 0.6%, respectively. The results of this study can enrich the theoretical study of mechanical pre-concept and provide reference for first-line teachers to understand the situation of students' pre-concept and to improve educational concept and teaching design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 梁雷;韓陽(yáng)丹;方雨晴;;近十年初中力學(xué)前概念調(diào)查研究綜述[J];時(shí)代教育;2015年17期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 喬通;“運(yùn)動(dòng)與相互作用”主題中的重要概念及其學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)階研究[D];西南大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號(hào)：2167602