本文選題：生物實驗指導 + 有效性　； 參考：《天津師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高中生物實驗是生物教學的重要組成部分,是培養(yǎng)學生科學實驗技能、深化知識和培養(yǎng)科學精神的途徑。新課程理念強調學生對知識的主動意義建構,教師只有從學生的經(jīng)驗出發(fā)指導學生進行生物實驗,才能有效的達成實驗目標。生物實驗教學在實際教學中的受重視程度與其實施情況并不理想,生物實驗教學存在“兩低”現(xiàn)象：實驗開設率低,實驗效率低。為提高生物實驗的有效性首要的是提高教師實驗指導的有效性。 論文選取天津中學高中二年級學生為研究對象,采用問卷法和訪談法調研該年級的實驗教學狀況。利用數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計的方法分析調研結果,發(fā)現(xiàn)師生對實驗預習效果的滿意度皆不高,學生需求多樣化的現(xiàn)代教學輔助手段,現(xiàn)行的實驗評價多以教師評價為主,評價方式較單一等問題。筆者在所教班級嘗試對比使用多種評價方式,通過觀察和學生訪談得出學生自評和互評的評價方式效果較好。分析教學個案,尋找提高生物教學指導的辦法并得出結論：利用實驗報告和微課視頻指導學生實驗預習能提高學生預習的有效性。教師適時、適量、選擇合適的多媒體對實驗教學指導有輔助作用,微課視頻和多媒體課件是兩種較好的載體。啟發(fā)指導,培養(yǎng)學生良好的實驗操作習慣。采取多元評價,指導學生自評和互評。為便于論文結論中的一些方法應用到具體的生物實驗課堂中,提出建議。
[Abstract]:Biological experiment in senior high school is an important part of biology teaching. It is a way to cultivate students' scientific experimental skills, deepen knowledge and cultivate scientific spirit. The concept of new curriculum emphasizes the construction of students' active meaning to knowledge. Only when teachers guide students to carry out biological experiments from students' experience, can they achieve the experimental goal effectively. The degree of attention and the implementation of biological experiment teaching in practical teaching are not ideal. The phenomenon of "two low" exists in biology experiment teaching: the experiment opening rate is low and the experiment efficiency is low. In order to improve the effectiveness of biological experiments, the most important thing is to improve the effectiveness of teachers' experimental guidance. In this paper, the second grade students of Tianjin Middle School are selected as the research objects, and the questionnaire and interview methods are used to investigate the experimental teaching situation of the grade. Using the method of data statistics to analyze the results of investigation, it is found that the satisfaction of teachers and students to the experimental preview effect is not high, the students' needs are diversified modern teaching aids, and the current experimental evaluation is mostly teachers' evaluation. The evaluation method is relatively simple and so on. The author tries to use a variety of evaluation methods in the teaching classes, and through observation and student interviews, it is concluded that the evaluation methods of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation are better. This paper analyzes the teaching cases, finds out the ways to improve the guidance of biology teaching, and draws a conclusion: using the experimental report and the video of the micro-course to guide the students' experimental preview can improve the effectiveness of the students' preview. Teachers in good time and right amount choose appropriate multimedia to guide experimental teaching. Microcourse video and multimedia courseware are two better carriers. Enlighten and guide, cultivate students good experimental operation habits. Take multiple evaluation to guide students to self-evaluation and mutual evaluation. In order to facilitate the application of some methods in the conclusion of the paper to the specific biology experiment classroom, some suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.91

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