本文選題：初中生 + 非正式群體��； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：學(xué)校班級中正式群體與非正式群體共同構(gòu)成了班級人際關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。非正式群體一旦形成便客觀存在于班級正式群體中,是影響班級和諧發(fā)展及個體健康成長的重要因素。首先,非正式群體對校風(fēng)、班風(fēng)的建設(shè)以及教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量的提高有重要的影響;其次它在初中生社會化過程中扮演著重要角色,它影響著初中生的價值觀、人生觀、行為習(xí)慣、學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度和為人處世的方式等。如何正確認(rèn)識、行之有效的引導(dǎo)非正式群體健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展是教育工作者尤其是班主任進行班級管理時要面對的重要課題。本文選取新疆石河子市S中八(1)班37名學(xué)生作為實地調(diào)查研究的對象,采用莫里諾的社會測量法,探明非正式群體在班級中的存在情況以及非正式群體成員的相互交往模式和人際交往狀況。研究中還使用訪談法和觀察法來深度了解非正式群體的現(xiàn)狀,對非正式群體的特點、類型、影響及形成原因等做了深度的剖析。研究結(jié)果顯示非正式群體存在以下兩個方面的問題。群體方面:1.非正式群體和正式群體易產(chǎn)生沖突影響班級團結(jié);2.非正式群體內(nèi)凝聚力強弱化班級凝聚力。個體方面:1.非正式群體成員重情義行為缺少理性指導(dǎo);2.非正式群體成員地位不平等影響心理健康。在此基礎(chǔ)上以初中非正式群體和群體中個體的健康發(fā)展為目的,分別從群體和個體這兩個不同的維度提出行之有效的管理對策。群體方面:1.正確認(rèn)識非正式群體;2.強化正式群體的內(nèi)聚力利用非正式群體來鞏固正式群體;3.創(chuàng)設(shè)情境開展豐富多彩的活動增強集體榮譽感。個體方面:1.非正式群體中核心人物的管理策略,首先對核心人物積極引導(dǎo)向正式群體靠攏;其次要鼓勵核心人物發(fā)揮自身的優(yōu)勢特長;最后,讓核心人物在班級中發(fā)揮“鯰魚效應(yīng)”。2.非正式群體中的一般個體的管理策略,首先,利用核心人物的影響力,帶動個體發(fā)展;其次,合理調(diào)整班級的座位排序;最后,鼓勵學(xué)生健康交往,淡化群體觀念。以往研究中往往關(guān)注非正式群體中群體本身和群體中的核心人物,較少關(guān)注非正式群體中一般個體的發(fā)展問題,本研究通過新疆石河子市S中非正式群體現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查與分析,從群體和群體中的個體發(fā)展角度出發(fā)分析存在的問題并提出行之有效的解決方法,以期為班級管理提供有效的借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:Formal and informal groups form the basis of class interpersonal relationship.Once the informal group is formed, it exists objectively in the class formal group, which is an important factor that affects the harmonious development of the class and the healthy growth of the individual.First of all, informal groups play an important role in the socialization of junior high school students, which affects the values, outlook on life, behavior habits of junior high school students, which has an important impact on the construction of school spirit, class style and the quality of education and teaching, and second, it plays an important role in the socialization process of junior high school students.Learning attitude and the way of dealing with people, etc.How to correctly understand and effectively guide the healthy and stable development of informal groups is an important subject that educators, especially class teachers, have to face when carrying out class management.In this paper, 37 students of S Middle School No. 1) in Shihezi City, Xinjiang, are selected as the objects of field investigation, and Morino's social measurement method is used.To find out the existence of informal group in class and the interaction mode and interpersonal status of informal group members.In the study, interview and observation are used to deeply understand the current situation of informal group, and the characteristics, types, influence and formation reasons of informal group are deeply analyzed.The results show that there are two problems in informal groups.On the group side: 1.Informal groups and formal groups are prone to conflict affecting class unity. 2.Cohesion in informal groups weakens class cohesion.The individual aspect is 1: 1.Lack of rational guidance on affective behavior of informal group members.Unequal membership of informal groups affects mental health.On this basis, aiming at the healthy development of individuals in informal groups and groups in junior high schools, effective management countermeasures are put forward from the two different dimensions of group and individual.On the group side: 1.A correct understanding of informal groups.Strengthen the cohesion of formal groups and use informal groups to consolidate formal groups.Create situations to develop rich and colorful activities to enhance the sense of collective honor.The individual aspect is 1: 1.In the informal group, the management strategy of the core character, first of all, to guide the core person to the formal group actively; secondly, to encourage the core person to give play to their own advantages and strong points; finally, to let the core character play the "catfish effect" .2. in the class.The general individual management strategy in the informal group, first, use the influence of the key characters to promote the individual development; secondly, adjust the class seat ranking rationally; finally, encourage the students to communicate healthily and desalinate the group concept.Previous studies often focus on the informal group itself and the core characters of the group, and less on the development of the general individual in the informal group. This study is based on the investigation and analysis of the status quo of the informal group in Shihezi, Xinjiang, through the investigation and analysis of the status quo of the informal group.This paper analyzes the existing problems from the angle of individual development in groups and groups and puts forward effective solutions in order to provide effective reference and reference for class management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G635.1

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