本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中國(guó) 美國(guó) 化學(xué)教材 比較研究　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著課程改革的進(jìn)行和教育事業(yè)的日益發(fā)展,教材的比較分析研究逐漸成為熱點(diǎn),為了保證在教材編寫質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)上拓展國(guó)際視野,有必要借鑒發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家教材的編寫理念,為我國(guó)教材編制更加完善有所啟示。依據(jù)教材的典型代表性和使用地域的廣泛性以及知識(shí)模塊的重要性,本文以中國(guó)人民教育出版社出版的高中化學(xué)教材和美國(guó)Glencoe公司出版的《Chemistry:Concepts and Applications》(化學(xué)：概念與應(yīng)用)作為分析對(duì)象通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)綜述法、比較分析法對(duì)“電解質(zhì)溶液理論”在兩國(guó)的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的規(guī)定、內(nèi)容的編排特點(diǎn)及內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)方式等方面進(jìn)行比較分析研究,在此過(guò)程中會(huì)有以下發(fā)現(xiàn)：二者都將以提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)作為課程改革的基本理念,并以學(xué)科為中心作為教材的編排思想,且注重化學(xué)與生活和社會(huì)間的聯(lián)系,不同的是我國(guó)教材在編寫過(guò)程中較美版來(lái)說(shuō)在內(nèi)容呈現(xiàn)方式(欄目、插圖和習(xí)題)方面數(shù)量過(guò)少、實(shí)驗(yàn)欄目形式較單一、圖片的顏色過(guò)于暗淡等,綜合分析筆者將給出以下建議：一是注重學(xué)生化學(xué)興趣的培養(yǎng)方面�？梢酝ㄟ^(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)欄目中多引入家庭實(shí)驗(yàn),激發(fā)學(xué)生的化學(xué)興趣,或者是化學(xué)知識(shí)多與生活和社會(huì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題相結(jié)合,使學(xué)生感受到化學(xué)的無(wú)處不在,再者通過(guò)描述化學(xué)工作者的工作內(nèi)容和對(duì)社會(huì)的意義以及介紹高科技化學(xué)設(shè)備的工作原理,使學(xué)生建立對(duì)化學(xué)的好奇和形成強(qiáng)烈的社會(huì)責(zé)任感；二是注重與化學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)結(jié)合的方式。通過(guò)增加欄目插圖的數(shù)量以便更好地對(duì)化學(xué)知識(shí)解讀,也可以利用色彩艷麗畫面清晰的插圖還原反應(yīng)現(xiàn)象,以便達(dá)到圖文并茂的效果。三是注重學(xué)生理性思維的培養(yǎng)。在例題講解要有明確的分析、方案、實(shí)施和檢查四步驟,形成良好的解題習(xí)慣,課后習(xí)題考察的知識(shí)點(diǎn)要靈活全面。
[Abstract]:With the development of curriculum reform and education, the comparative analysis of teaching materials has gradually become a hot spot. In order to ensure the further optimization of the quality of textbook compilation, the international perspective is expanded. It is necessary to draw lessons from the idea of compiling textbooks in developed countries, so as to provide some enlightenment for the compilation of textbooks in our country. According to the typical representativeness of textbooks, the wide range of using regions and the importance of knowledge modules, This paper takes the senior high school chemistry textbook published by the Chinese people's Education Publishing House and Chemistry:Concepts and Applications (Chemistry: concept and Application) published by Glencoe Company of the United States as the analysis object through the literature review method. Comparative analysis is carried out on the provisions of the electrolyte solution theory in the curriculum standards of the two countries, the characteristics of the content arrangement and the presentation of the content, etc. In this process, the following findings will be made: both will take the improvement of students' scientific literacy as the basic idea of curriculum reform, and the discipline as the center of the arrangement of teaching materials, and pay attention to the relationship between chemistry and life and society. The difference is that the number of content presentation methods (columns, illustrations and exercises) is too small, the form of experimental columns is relatively simple, and the color of the pictures is too dim. Comprehensive analysis the author will give the following suggestions: first, pay attention to the cultivation of students' interest in chemistry. We can introduce more family experiments into the experimental column to stimulate students' interest in chemistry. Or if chemistry knowledge is combined with life and social problems, students can feel that chemistry is everywhere. Furthermore, by describing the work content and social significance of chemical workers and introducing the working principle of high-tech chemical equipment, To make students become curious about chemistry and form a strong sense of social responsibility; second, to focus on the combination of chemical knowledge points. By increasing the number of column illustrations in order to better understand chemical knowledge, It is also possible to use clear illustrations of colorful pictures to reduce the reaction phenomenon in order to achieve the effect of juxtaposition of pictures and texts. Third, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultivation of students' rational thinking. In the explanation of examples, it is necessary to have clear analysis, plan, implementation and inspection four steps. Form a good habit of problem-solving, after-class exercise to investigate the knowledge points to be flexible and comprehensive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G633.8

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本文編號(hào)：1510738