發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-12 08:38

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國 中小學(xué) 午餐供給　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,在教育公平以及素質(zhì)教育的大背景下,學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)和膳食營養(yǎng)受到了越來越多的關(guān)注和重視,改善義務(wù)教育階段內(nèi)的兒童營養(yǎng)狀況已納入我國國家戰(zhàn)略,建立與完善義務(wù)教育階段內(nèi)的學(xué)校供餐體系已迫在眉睫。本研究著眼于美國中小學(xué)午餐供給這一供餐體系,采用歷史研究法、文獻(xiàn)研究法以及案例研究法系統(tǒng)研究美國中小學(xué)午餐供給的具體實(shí)施辦法并總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗(yàn),從而提出我國目前校餐供給方面的改進(jìn)之處。本文以以下三方面為重點(diǎn)對美國中小學(xué)午餐供給進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。首先,系統(tǒng)梳理美國中小學(xué)午餐供給的發(fā)展歷程,并以重要事件為節(jié)點(diǎn)將美國中小學(xué)午餐供給的發(fā)展歷程劃分階段。從階段劃分中可以看出,美國中小學(xué)午餐供給體系的建立是漫長而曲折的。其次,全面整理對美國中小學(xué)午餐供給影響重大的法律法規(guī)和政策文件,并對其內(nèi)容進(jìn)行簡要介紹。從中可以看出健全的法律與政策保障是美國中小學(xué)午餐供給最大的特色。再次,詳細(xì)介紹美國中小學(xué)午餐供給的實(shí)施,包括監(jiān)管體系及財(cái)政支持、申請資格及申請流程、營養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及供餐形式,并以美國加利福尼亞州的戴維斯學(xué)區(qū)為案例,對其具體實(shí)施事宜進(jìn)行深入研究。從這部分研究中可以看出美國對中小學(xué)的午餐供給十分重視,在實(shí)施過程中特別注重公平且因地制宜、注重與地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相結(jié)合,此外,其嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)谋O(jiān)管程序也是它的特色。然而,其實(shí)施過程也存在問題,如午餐成本難以保障、午餐食物浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重、營養(yǎng)教育效果欠佳。通過系統(tǒng)的研究及所得結(jié)論,本文為我國“農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育學(xué)生營養(yǎng)改善計(jì)劃”總結(jié)出五點(diǎn)改善建議:堅(jiān)持國家主導(dǎo),加大政府財(cái)政投入;加強(qiáng)立法工作,健全法律體系;逐步擴(kuò)大覆蓋范圍;嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管程序,公開監(jiān)管信息;制定統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),因地制宜,與地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相結(jié)合。
[Abstract]:In recent years, under the background of educational equity and quality-oriented education, more and more attention has been paid to the students' physical quality and dietary nutrition. Improving the nutritional status of children in the compulsory education stage has been incorporated into our national strategy. It is urgent to establish and perfect the school feeding system in the compulsory education stage. Literature research method and case study method systematically study the specific implementation methods of lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools and summarize their experiences. This paper focuses on the following three aspects: the systematic study of the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools. First, the development of lunch supply in primary and secondary schools in the United States is systematically reviewed. Taking important events as the node, the paper divides the development process of American primary and middle school lunch supply into stages. From the stage division, we can see that the establishment of American primary and middle school lunch supply system is long and tortuous. Secondly, A comprehensive review of the laws, regulations and policy documents that have a significant impact on the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools, and a brief introduction of its contents. From this, we can see that sound legal and policy protection is the most important feature of the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools. Again, This paper introduces the implementation of lunch service in primary and secondary schools in the United States, including the regulatory system and financial support, application qualification and application process, nutrition standards and the form of meals, and takes Davis School District, California, USA as a case study. From this part of the study, we can see that the United States attaches great importance to the provision of lunch for primary and secondary schools, pays special attention to fairness and local conditions in the implementation process, and emphasizes combining with local economic development. Its strict supervision procedure is also its characteristic. However, there are some problems in its implementation, such as the difficulty of ensuring the cost of lunch, the serious waste of lunch food, and the poor effect of nutrition education. This paper sums up five suggestions for improving the nutrition of rural compulsory education students in our country: adhere to the state leading, increase the government financial input, strengthen the legislative work, perfect the legal system, gradually expand the coverage, strictly supervise the procedure, Open regulatory information; formulate unified standards, according to local conditions, and local economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G639.712

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