本文關鍵詞：物理體感實驗對促進視力障礙學生學習物理的實踐研究　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 初中物理 物理體感實驗 視力障礙學生 實踐研究

【摘要】：目前我國教育水平不斷提高,教育制度逐步完善,但在特殊教育方面的研究起步較晚,作為特殊教育主體之一的視障學生的物理教學更是少有學者研究。新課程改革的教育理念很早就應用在普通學校的教學過程中,但視障學生的物理教學研究到目前還沒有形成完整的理論體系,因此,開展對視障學生物理教學的實踐研究更具有現(xiàn)實意義。眾所周知,物理是一門實驗學科,而由于視障學生生理上的特殊性,讓多數(shù)一線物理教師在對視障學生的教學過程中陷入“兩難”狀態(tài),為了更好地幫助視障學生學習物理,在此,筆者把張偉教授提出的“物理體感實驗”引入到視障學生的物理教學中來,讓視障學生通過膚覺或肌覺來感知某一物理現(xiàn)象或者物理量的變化趨勢,促進視障學生對物理概念及規(guī)律的理解與掌握,培養(yǎng)視障學生的科學探索精神。本研究以建構主義學習理論、多元智能理論、以及全納教育為指導,以開展多樣化的“物理體感實驗”教學為突破口,將“物理體感實驗”有效的應用到視障學生的物理教學過程中,探索和解決視障學生由于身體缺陷而引起的學習積極性不高、物理概念模糊不清等問題。本次研究把“物理體感實驗”應用在視障學生的物理教學過程中,并對其產(chǎn)生的教學功能進行探討,依據(jù)視障學生的身心特點概括總結出針對視障學生的“物理體感實驗”的方案設計原則,并設計了“視障生物理體感實驗”教學案例,同時開展了實踐研究,在研究過程中不斷開發(fā)并改進教學過程。筆者選擇呼和浩特市的一所特殊教育學校的視障班作為研究對象,研究對象僅有10人,這十人中又分為兩種類型,7人全盲,沒有感光性,3人是低視力障礙,有些許感光性。為了更有效的進行相關研究,筆者對本班的10位視障學生通過調(diào)查問卷、訪談、考試成績縱向?qū)Ρ鹊姆绞竭M行考察、研究,主要看其對物理學習的興趣、物理概念掌握的準確度以及動手實驗探究能力等方面是否發(fā)生顯著變化。實踐研究表明,通過對視障學生開展“物理體感實驗”教學,視障學生在知識的理解與掌握、探究過程的體驗與感受和積極情感方面都有顯著效果�！拔锢眢w感實驗”不僅可以調(diào)動視障學生學習物理的積極性,幫助視障學生對物理現(xiàn)象和變化的理解,還可以提高學生應用所學知識解決生活現(xiàn)象的能力,因此把“物理體感實驗”應用在視障學生的教學實踐中是有效、可行的。本次研究可為視力障礙學生的物理教學和學習提供參考依據(jù)。筆者通過對視力障礙學生教學實踐研究的反思,認為本研究還存在許多不足之處,在論文的最后提出了幾點建議和進一步完善研究的設想。
[Abstract]:At present, the level of education in our country is constantly improving, and the educational system is gradually improved, but the research on special education started late. As one of the subjects of special education, the physics teaching of visually impaired students is seldom studied by scholars. The educational concept of the new curriculum reform has been applied in the teaching process of ordinary schools for a long time. However, the research on physics teaching of visually impaired students has not yet formed a complete theoretical system. Therefore, it is of practical significance to carry out practical research on physics teaching for visually impaired students. As we all know, physics is an experimental subject. Because of the physiological particularity of the visually impaired students, most first-line physics teachers are in a dilemma in the teaching process of the visually impaired students. In order to better help the visually impaired students to study physics, here. The author introduces the experiment of physical somatosensory put forward by Professor Zhang Wei into the physics teaching of visually impaired students, so that the visually impaired students can perceive a certain physical phenomenon or the change trend of physical quantity through skin or muscle perception. This study is guided by constructivist learning theory, multiple intelligences theory and inclusive education. In order to carry out a variety of "physical sense experiment" teaching as a breakthrough, the "physical sense experiment" is effectively applied to the physical teaching process of visually impaired students. Exploring and solving the problems of students with visual impairment caused by the lack of enthusiasm for learning physical concepts vague. This study applied "physical sense experiment" in the process of physics teaching of visually impaired students. The teaching function is discussed, and the design principle of "physical sense experiment" for visually impaired students is summarized according to the physical and mental characteristics of visually impaired students. At the same time, the author designed a teaching case of "physical sense experiment of visually impaired students", and carried out practical research at the same time. In the course of the research, we develop and improve the teaching process. The author chooses the visually impaired class of a special education school in Hohhot city as the research object. The research object is only 10 people, and the ten students are divided into two types. 7 cases were totally blind, 3 cases without photosensitive disorder were low vision disorder, some light sensitivity. In order to carry on the related research more effectively, the author conducted questionnaire and interview to 10 visually impaired students in this class. The way of longitudinal contrast of test scores is to investigate and study, mainly to see its interest in physics learning. Whether or not the accuracy of grasping physical concepts and the ability of hands-on experiment exploration have changed significantly. The practical research shows that the teaching of "physical sense experiment" is carried out for visually impaired students. Students with visual impairment have remarkable effects in understanding and mastering knowledge, experience and feeling in the process of inquiry and positive emotion. "physical sense experiment" can not only arouse the enthusiasm of visually impaired students in learning physics. Helping the visually impaired students to understand the physical phenomena and changes can also improve the ability of the students to use the knowledge they have learned to solve the life phenomena, so it is effective to apply the "physical understanding experiment" to the teaching practice of the visually impaired students. Feasible. This study can provide a reference for the physical teaching and learning of students with visual impairment. Through reflection on the teaching practice of the students with visual impairment, the author thinks that there are still many shortcomings in this study. At the end of the paper, several suggestions and suggestions for further improvement of the research are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.7

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本文編號：1406441