本文關(guān)鍵詞：高一學生化學問題解決負遷移的診斷與矯正　出處：《福建師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 化學 問題解決 負遷移 診斷

【摘要】：“終身教育”已成為現(xiàn)代教育的基本理念,教學的目的是教給學生“能帶走的能力”。然而,目睹中國教育之現(xiàn)狀,應(yīng)試教育的弊端催生了大量負遷移的發(fā)生,學生的問題解決能力更是不容樂觀。為此,本課題編制出高一學生化學問題解決負遷移的診斷性調(diào)查問卷,從學生的認知水平、學習能力、元認知水平及教師因素四個維度對學生進行全面性診斷,并對問卷的信度和效度進行評估。根據(jù)分析結(jié)果并編制出診斷性試卷對學生的問題解決能力進行全面性診斷,經(jīng)研究診斷出問題解決負遷移的病因,學生層面表現(xiàn)為膚淺性負遷移、知識性負遷移、定勢性負遷移、相異構(gòu)想性負遷移和心理性負遷移,教師層面表現(xiàn)在教導策略的缺失和過度訓練導致學生思維僵化等方面。而并根據(jù)診斷結(jié)果對學生層面采用問題分解策略、類比策略及反思策略進行矯治,教師層面采用重視雙基教育、注重實驗教學、強化變式訓練、形成認知沖突、共性歸納演繹,特性強化教導等策略進行矯治。該課題對學生化學問題解決負遷移的各個方面進行了研究,以幫助學習者提高化學問題解決的效率。
[Abstract]:"Lifelong education" has become the basic concept of modern education, the purpose of teaching is to teach the students "ability" can take away. However, the status quo Chinese witnessed education, exam oriented education system has spawned a lot of negative transfer, problem-solving ability of students is not optimistic. Therefore, this paper developed a high the students of chemical problem solving of the negative transfer of diagnostic questionnaire, from the cognitive level, learning ability of students, a comprehensive diagnosis of students four dimensions of metacognition level and teachers' factors, and the reliability and validity of evaluation. According to the results of the analysis and the preparation of the diagnostic test of the ability of students to solve problems comprehensively the diagnosis, the etiology of diagnosis to solve the problem of negative transfer, the level of students is superficial negative transfer, negative transfer of knowledge, thinking of negative transfer, negative transfer and alternative conceptions of Psychology Negative transfer, the level of teachers in teaching strategies and lack of overtraining causes students to rigid thinking etc. according to the diagnosis results of the level of students using problem decomposition strategy, analogy strategy and reflection strategy forcorrection, teachers using the double base education, the experimental teaching, strengthen variant training, the formation of cognitive conflict, common induction and deduction, strengthen the teaching strategy forcorrection characteristics. The research on problem solving aspects of negative transfer, in order to help learners to improve the efficiency of problem solving.

【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.8

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本文編號：1383795