本文關(guān)鍵詞：直銷銀行法律規(guī)制問(wèn)題研究　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 直銷銀行 法律規(guī)制 監(jiān)管模式 配套機(jī)制

【摘要】：直銷銀行這一概念有宏觀和微觀之分。宏觀的直銷銀行指的是一種非實(shí)體化的銀行運(yùn)作模式,即不依賴于實(shí)體網(wǎng)點(diǎn),甚至不發(fā)放實(shí)體銀行卡,以手機(jī)、電腦、自助設(shè)備等遠(yuǎn)程終端為載體,以電話、手機(jī)app、網(wǎng)頁(yè)、電子郵件以及非人工的電子化智能柜臺(tái)為渠道的新型銀行營(yíng)銷模式;微觀的直銷銀行存在于實(shí)體化的層面,是指運(yùn)作上述這種新型營(yíng)銷模式的獨(dú)立的銀行機(jī)構(gòu)或非獨(dú)立的銀行事業(yè)部。為了避免廣義和狹義的混淆,本文會(huì)將非實(shí)體化層面的直銷銀行表述為直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù),從而加以區(qū)分。1965年,設(shè)立于德國(guó)法蘭克福的儲(chǔ)蓄與財(cái)富銀行(BSV)通過(guò)電話營(yíng)銷的方式開(kāi)展了直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)的先例,從20世紀(jì)90年代末開(kāi)始,借助于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的成熟,直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)在歐美發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。在過(guò)去20年左右的時(shí)間內(nèi),設(shè)立于北美和歐洲的直銷銀行經(jīng)受住了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫和金融危機(jī)的考驗(yàn),不斷累積成熟的商業(yè)模式,在北美和歐洲當(dāng)?shù)劂y行業(yè)內(nèi)的市場(chǎng)份額已經(jīng)超過(guò)10%(比例仍在不斷擴(kuò)大),已然成為全球金融市場(chǎng)中不可分割的重要組成部分。2015年9月,民生銀行和北京銀行先后確定開(kāi)通直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù),這標(biāo)志著我國(guó)銀行業(yè)進(jìn)入了直銷銀行元年。借勢(shì)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的浪潮,一年之內(nèi),我國(guó)包括大型國(guó)有銀行、股份制銀行、地方性銀行以及其他中小銀行在內(nèi)的60余家銀行機(jī)構(gòu)都開(kāi)展了直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)。直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)在我國(guó)的發(fā)展速度驚人,這得益于我國(guó)銀行業(yè)的逐步完善以及金融創(chuàng)新的利好所激發(fā)的內(nèi)、外在動(dòng)力,但是由于背靠著銀行這一我國(guó)行政級(jí)別最高的企業(yè),因此對(duì)于我國(guó)的直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)而言,穩(wěn)定和可持續(xù)的發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)比拓張的速度重要。作為銀行業(yè)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融產(chǎn)業(yè)融合之下的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)物,直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)除了具備傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)務(wù)中的系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、商譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之外,還兼具互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),因此,相較于一般的傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)務(wù)而言,其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的誘因更多,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的難度更大,相應(yīng)的問(wèn)題就是我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的銀行業(yè)法律、法規(guī)并不能完全適用于直銷銀行以及直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)。為了規(guī)避直銷銀行運(yùn)作中的市場(chǎng)失靈或其他負(fù)面情況,我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)填補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有的《中華人民共和國(guó)商業(yè)銀行法》以及其他商業(yè)銀行法律、法規(guī)中與直銷銀行和直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)有關(guān)的法律空白,并落實(shí)相應(yīng)的配套規(guī)制機(jī)制,以盡快完善與直銷銀行相關(guān)的法律規(guī)制。由于直銷銀行業(yè)務(wù)起源并成熟于歐美發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,因此本文認(rèn)為,應(yīng)當(dāng)在進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的比較法研究之后,總結(jié)出發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家可推廣、可復(fù)制的規(guī)制經(jīng)驗(yàn),從而完成進(jìn)一步的吸收和本土化。本文以問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向,從三個(gè)方面出發(fā),研究并總結(jié)出我國(guó)直銷銀行法律規(guī)制的完善路徑:首先,在監(jiān)管模式方面,我國(guó)應(yīng)在直銷銀行法律規(guī)制中引入混業(yè)監(jiān)管模式和負(fù)面清單模式;其次,在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方面,我國(guó)應(yīng)在《商業(yè)銀行法》的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)直銷銀行進(jìn)行資本率、杠桿率的特別規(guī)制;最后,在配套規(guī)制機(jī)制方面,我國(guó)應(yīng)落實(shí)個(gè)人征信體系、個(gè)人存款保險(xiǎn)制度以及電子證據(jù)制度。
[Abstract]:The concept of direct bank in macroscopic and microcosmic points. Macro direct bank refers to the mode of operation of the bank a non entity, that is not dependent on physical outlets, even no bank card issuing entity, mobile phone, computer, remote terminal self-service equipment as the carrier, by telephone, mobile phone app, ". E-mail and non electronic intelligent artificial counter for the new marketing model of micro channel; direct bank in entity level, refers to the operation of the new marketing mode of the independent banking institutions or non independent bank business department. In order to avoid the broad and narrow confusion, this paper will be non hypostatization the level of expression for direct bank direct banking business, so as to distinguish between.1965 years, savings and wealth bank established in Frankfurt Germany (BSV) through the telephone marketing way to carry out a direct banking precedent From the beginning, at the end of 1990s, with the help of Internet technology, direct banking business has been developing rapidly in western developed countries. In the past 20 years, set up in the North American and European direct bank withstood the Internet bubble and the financial crisis has accumulated a mature business model, in more than 10% the Bank of North America and Europe, the local industry's market share has (the ratio is still expanding), the global financial market has become an important part of.2015 in the year September, Minsheng Bank and the Bank of Beijing to determine after the opening of direct banking business, which marks China's banking industry has entered the first year. Taking advantage of the Internet direct bank the financial tide, within a year, including China's large state-owned banks, joint-stock banks, local banks and other small and medium-sized banks, more than 60 banking institutions are carried out The direct banking business. Direct banking business in China's development speed is amazing, thanks to China's banking industry is gradually perfect and inspired by the favorable financial innovation, external power, but because the enterprise of our country administrative levels of the highest back to the bank, so for our country's direct banking business, stable and sustainable development is far more important than the extension speed. As an innovative product of banking and Internet banking industry integration under the direct banking business in addition to systemic risk, the traditional banking business operation risk, credit risk, risk and risk beyond the goodwill, but also has the risk of network security, Internet banking in the the technical risk, therefore, compared with the traditional banking business, the incentives of risk more risk management more difficult, the corresponding legal problem is existing in China Banking industry, Laws and regulations are not fully suitable for direct banking and direct banking business. In order to avoid direct bank in the operation of market failure or other negative situation, our country should fill the "People's Republic of China Commercial Bank Law" and other existing commercial bank law, legal gaps associated with direct banking and direct banking business regulations, and implement the supporting mechanism of regulation accordingly, in order to as soon as possible to improve the relevant legal regulation and direct banks. Due to the origin of direct banking business and mature in developed countries, therefore, should be in the corresponding ratio after more research, summarizes the developed countries can promote replicable regulation experience, thus completing the absorption and localization. In order to further the problem oriented, starting from the three aspects of the research, and summarizes the path to improve the direct legal regulation of banks in China: first, in the mode of supervision Hand, China should introduce mixed supervision mode and negative list mode in the direct banking legal regulation; secondly, in terms of risk control, our country should be the foundation of Commercial Bank Law > < on direct bank capital ratios, leverage the special regulation; finally, in the aspect of supporting the regulation mechanism, China should carry out personal credit system, personal deposit insurance system and evidence system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.294

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