本文選題：ICU護(hù)士 + 角色壓力　； 參考：《遵義醫(yī)學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:分析ICU護(hù)士角色壓力的現(xiàn)狀;研究ICU護(hù)士角色壓力的影響因素并提出應(yīng)對(duì)措施。方法:本研究采用定量研究與定性研究相結(jié)合的實(shí)證方法對(duì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探究。首先,以分層抽樣的方法選取貴州省遵義市兩所綜合性三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院的ICU護(hù)士作為研究對(duì)象。共發(fā)放問(wèn)卷250份,回收有效問(wèn)卷229份,有效回收率為91.6%。研究工具為一般人口學(xué)調(diào)查資料和ICU護(hù)士角色壓力量表。所收集的數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,統(tǒng)計(jì)方法包括描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、t檢驗(yàn)和方差分析。然后,運(yùn)用目的性抽樣方法從已經(jīng)參與前期調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的250名ICU護(hù)士選取訪談對(duì)象進(jìn)行半結(jié)構(gòu)式深入訪談了解其角色壓力的影響因素,本研究按照飽和原則共訪談10位ICU護(hù)士。對(duì)訪談內(nèi)容進(jìn)行整理、分析并提煉出相關(guān)的主題,再對(duì)主題進(jìn)行歸類,升華為ICU護(hù)士角色壓力的影響因素的主題概念。結(jié)果:1、ICU護(hù)士的角色壓力總分為(73.56±11.49)分,角色壓力均分為(3.06±0.48)分。角色壓力的三個(gè)維度中角色負(fù)荷均分最高(3.48±0.63),角色沖突得分其次(3.27±0.63),角色模糊得分最低(2.09±0.52)。2、t檢驗(yàn)及方差分析結(jié)果顯示,ICU護(hù)士角色壓力在不同婚姻狀況、收入水平、科室得分有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均0.05)。3、半結(jié)構(gòu)式深入訪談結(jié)果可提煉影響ICU護(hù)士角色壓力的因素包括城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生資源分配不均、ICU護(hù)理人力資源短缺、ICU患者及家屬的特點(diǎn)和附屬醫(yī)院發(fā)展需要的社會(huì)性因素;醫(yī)院組織的雙重管理及雙重權(quán)威、醫(yī)院組織上下級(jí)溝通不暢、醫(yī)院組織內(nèi)群體期望的分歧的組織因素;ICU醫(yī)護(hù)關(guān)系不協(xié)調(diào)的人際關(guān)系因素;ICU護(hù)士個(gè)人角色扮演能力不足的個(gè)人因素。結(jié)論:1、ICU護(hù)士的角色負(fù)荷和角色沖突是其角色壓力的主要方面。2、ICU護(hù)士的角色壓力受社會(huì)、醫(yī)院組織的客觀因素的影響。因而政府應(yīng)在城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生資源的分配上切實(shí)履行宏觀調(diào)控的職責(zé)和加強(qiáng)對(duì)放棄治療的指導(dǎo),醫(yī)院應(yīng)完善ICU3、護(hù)理人才的管理、完善上下級(jí)溝通制度、合理分配管理權(quán)限、加強(qiáng)對(duì)ICU護(hù)士的人文關(guān)懷和社會(huì)支持。3、ICU護(hù)士的角色壓力也受人際關(guān)系和其個(gè)人特性等的主觀因素的影響。一方面,ICU醫(yī)生與護(hù)士應(yīng)共同建立平等、融洽的人際關(guān)系,ICU患者及家屬也應(yīng)樹(shù)立對(duì)疾病理性的認(rèn)知。另一方面,各科室ICU護(hù)士自身應(yīng)加強(qiáng)角色學(xué)習(xí),如良好的溝通能力、合理的時(shí)間分配能力等角色技能以勝任角色要求,學(xué)會(huì)利用各種社會(huì)支持系統(tǒng)及自我調(diào)整進(jìn)行減壓。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the status quo of ICU nurses' role stress, to study the influencing factors of ICU nurses' role stress and to put forward countermeasures. Methods: in this study, quantitative and qualitative studies were used to explore the related problems. Firstly, ICU nurses from two comprehensive Grade 3A hospitals in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, were selected by stratified sampling. A total of 250 questionnaires were sent out, 229 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 91.6%. The research tools were the general demographic survey data and the ICU Nurses role stress scale. The collected data are analyzed by SPSS19.0 software. The statistical methods include descriptive statistical analysis and variance analysis. Then, 250 ICU nurses who had participated in the pre-survey questionnaire were selected to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews to find out the influencing factors of their role stress. According to the saturation principle, 10 ICU nurses were interviewed in this study. The contents of the interview were sorted out, the relevant themes were analyzed and abstracted, then the themes were classified and sublimated as the theme concept of the influencing factors of ICU nurses' role stress. Results the total score of role stress was 73.56 鹵11.49, and the score of role stress was 3.06 鹵0.48. Among the three dimensions of role stress, the average score of role load was the highest (3.48 鹵0.63), the score of role conflict was 3.27 鹵0.63, the score of role ambiguity was the lowest (2.09 鹵0.52) and the result of ANOVA showed that the role stress of ICU nurses had different marital status and income level. The scores of departments had significant P values of 0.05 and 3.The results of semi-structured in-depth interviews could refine the factors affecting the role stress of ICU nurses, including the characteristics of patients and their families who were suffering from the shortage of nursing human resources in urban and rural areas and the lack of nursing human resources in ICU. Social factors of the development needs of affiliated hospitals; The dual management and authority of the hospital organization, the communication between the higher and lower levels of the hospital organization is not smooth, The organizational factors of different expectations in hospital organization are the incongruous interpersonal factors in ICU nursing care relationship and the personal factors of lack of individual role-playing ability of ICU nurses. Conclusion the role load and role conflict of ICU nurses are the main aspects of role stress. 2. The role stress of ICU nurses is affected by the objective factors of society and hospital organization. Therefore, the government should fulfill the responsibility of macro-control and strengthen the guidance of giving up treatment in the allocation of urban and rural health resources. The hospital should perfect ICU3, the management of nursing talents, the communication system between superior and subordinate, and the rational distribution of management authority. To strengthen humanistic care and social support for nurses in ICU, the role stress of nurses was also influenced by subjective factors such as interpersonal relationship and personal characteristics. On the one hand, ICU doctors and nurses should work together to establish equality and harmonious interpersonal relationship between ICU patients and their families should also establish a rational understanding of disease. On the other hand, ICU nurses in each department should strengthen their role learning, such as good communication ability, reasonable time allocation ability and other role skills to meet the requirements of the role, and learn to use various social support systems and self-adjustment to decompress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遵義醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R47

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