本文選題：全壽命周期 + 成本管理　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：進入21世紀以來，我國居民收入水平差距逐漸增大，同時因廉租房、棚戶區(qū)改造等保障性住房項目覆蓋面過窄，且大中城市商品房住宅價格上漲速度過快等原因,使新就業(yè)職工為代表的中低收入群體出現(xiàn)住房難題。自2010年以來，國家大力推行公租房建設(shè)，逐年加大對公租房建設(shè)投入。但是公租房建設(shè)仍面臨建設(shè)資金不足、缺乏合適建設(shè)用地和配租標準不清等問題，因此對公租房全壽命周期成本構(gòu)成的分析與控制對提高公租房建設(shè)水平和效率具有重要意義。 本文從公租房定位和公租房自身特點入手，運用全壽命周期理論，首先對公租房全壽命周期成本構(gòu)成進行了分析，提出了公租房全壽命周期成本應由公租房的資金成本、社會成本和環(huán)境成本構(gòu)成，重點研究了公租房全壽命周期成本的確定思路和方法。其次以公租房全壽命周期內(nèi)不同階段的工作內(nèi)容為出發(fā)點，對公租房全壽命周期各個階段成本控制問題進行了較為深入的分析，公租房決策階段應合理定位，設(shè)計階段選用優(yōu)良設(shè)計方案，施工階段在工期合理前提下按時保質(zhì)完成施工任務避免工程變更，運營階段制訂合理運營管理制度。第三，以西安一公租房項目為例，對其全壽命周期成本進行了估算，并對其成本控制進行了針對性分析，驗證了本文理論研究的可行性。最后在理論和實證研究的基礎(chǔ)上，針對影響公租房全壽命周期成本因素提出了成本控制建議。 通過研究，本文得出的主要結(jié)論包括：公租房具有雙重性，政府主導性，適用對象特定性和長期性的特征。公租房全壽命周期成本具有多主體、多階段性、復雜性和系統(tǒng)性特點。利用全壽命周期成本理論，公租房的全壽命周期成本可由資金成本、環(huán)境成本和社會成本三類構(gòu)成。從政府提高公租房建設(shè)效率的需要出發(fā)，應對公租房項目全壽命周期成本進行系統(tǒng)、全面的估算。在合理估算公租房全壽命周期成本基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合公租房全壽命周期各階段建設(shè)與管理的工作內(nèi)容，公租房全壽命周期各階段具有不同的成本控制重點�；诠夥咳珘勖芷诔杀究刂乒芾砉ぷ鞯暮诵氖呛侠硪�(guī)劃公租房壽命年限和定位公租房，，且需要完備的公租房運營準入和退出機制，公租房建設(shè)形勢應趨向于小區(qū)小型化，戶型小型化，積極引導居民住宅實用意識。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, the income gap of Chinese residents has gradually increased. At the same time, due to the narrow coverage of affordable housing projects, such as low-rent housing, shantytown reconstruction and so on, the price of commercial housing in large and medium-sized cities has risen too fast, and so on. So that the new employment of low-and middle-income groups represented by the housing problem. Since 2010, the government has vigorously promoted the construction of public rental housing, increasing investment in the construction of public rental housing year by year. However, the construction of public rental housing is still faced with insufficient construction funds, lack of suitable construction land and unclear standards of rent allocation, so it is of great significance to analyze and control the life-cycle cost of public rental housing to improve the level and efficiency of public rental housing construction. Based on the positioning of public housing and the characteristics of public housing, this paper analyzes the structure of life cycle cost of public housing by using the life-cycle theory, and puts forward that the whole life cycle cost of public rental housing should be financed by the cost of public rental housing. The social cost and the environmental cost constitute, focused on the public rental housing life cycle cost determination ideas and methods. Secondly, based on the work contents of different stages in the whole life cycle of public rental housing, the cost control problem in each stage of the life cycle of public rental housing is analyzed deeply, and the decision-making stage of public rental housing should be reasonably positioned. In the design stage, the excellent design scheme is selected, the construction period is reasonable, the construction task is completed on time and quality, and the project change is avoided, and the reasonable operation management system is worked out in the operation phase. Thirdly, taking Xi'an public rental housing project as an example, this paper estimates the whole life cycle cost, analyzes its cost control, and verifies the feasibility of this paper. Finally, on the basis of theoretical and empirical research, the paper puts forward some suggestions on cost control in view of the factors affecting the life cycle cost of public housing. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: public rental housing has the characteristics of duality, government dominance, applicability to specific and long-term characteristics. The life-cycle cost of public housing is multi-subject, multi-stage, complex and systematic. Using the life-cycle cost theory, the life-cycle cost of public rental housing can be composed of three types: capital cost, environmental cost and social cost. In order to improve the efficiency of public rental housing construction, it is necessary to estimate the whole life cycle cost of public rental housing project systematically and comprehensively. On the basis of reasonable estimation of the cost of the whole life cycle of public housing, combined with the contents of construction and management in each stage of the life cycle of public housing, different cost control emphases are found in each stage of the life cycle of public housing. Based on the whole life cycle cost control and management of public rental housing, the core of the management is to reasonably plan the life span of public rental housing and positioning public rental housing, and need a complete public rental housing operation access and exit mechanism, the construction situation of public rental housing should tend to the miniaturization of the community. Household miniaturization, actively guide the residents of practical awareness of housing.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F299.23;F234

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