發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-10 12:47

【摘要】：隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，小微企業(yè)近年來得到了國家政府的大力支持，為此小微金融成為我國商業(yè)銀行必不可少的一部分。我國小型金融現(xiàn)在剛剛起步，我國特有的政治環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境促使政府需要綜合我國特殊國情對(duì)新型小微金融發(fā)展的資金需求、機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)管和制度建設(shè)進(jìn)行深入探討研究，深入尋求我國小型金融機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)的道路。自從2011年我國商業(yè)銀行嚴(yán)重受到持續(xù)不斷提升的存貸率和存款準(zhǔn)備金率監(jiān)管的影響，其經(jīng)營發(fā)展受到嚴(yán)重制約。根據(jù)金融統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2011年全年人民幣貸款增加7.47萬億元同比減增3901億元信貸投放額度，無法滿足商業(yè)銀行傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營需求。商業(yè)銀行因?yàn)槭艿劫Y金的持續(xù)壓力其經(jīng)營利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)嚴(yán)重下滑，，由此商業(yè)銀行必須轉(zhuǎn)型為集約化的經(jīng)營方式。從商業(yè)銀行零售業(yè)務(wù)來看，自從樓市調(diào)控開始個(gè)人房貸將直接影響到銀行的貸款收入。我國絕大多數(shù)商業(yè)銀行受去年樓市的持續(xù)調(diào)控開始了自身經(jīng)營結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)置，大家都開始瞄向小微金融市場(chǎng)。鑒于此，筆者對(duì)我國商業(yè)銀行小微金融機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了深入的理論探討和實(shí)證分析，試圖得出一些有益的結(jié)論和啟示。 這篇文章結(jié)合我國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際情況及需求，借鑒中國民生銀行、北京銀行、中國光大銀行和招商銀行小微金融發(fā)展的成功案例，全方位探索建立小微金融機(jī)構(gòu)的制度基礎(chǔ)和發(fā)展條件。受我國經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的影響，我國小微金融得到了國家金融財(cái)稅政策、地方政府各類政策的大力支持，在未來的發(fā)展中得到了強(qiáng)有力的后盾，同時(shí)小微金融的發(fā)展為我國商業(yè)銀行的零售業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)造了新的突破。文章中針對(duì)目前我國小微金融機(jī)構(gòu)所面臨的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)，提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。由此可見小微金融的發(fā)展空間很大，有望將成為我國商業(yè)銀行發(fā)展的重要支柱力量。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of market economy, small and micro enterprises have been strongly supported by the national government in recent years, so small and micro finance has become an indispensable part of commercial banks in China. China's small-scale finance has just started. The unique political and economic environment of our country urges the government to synthesize the special national conditions of our country to carry on the thorough discussion and research to the fund demand, the institutional supervision and the system construction of the new small and micro-finance development, and to seek the road of the construction of the small-scale financial institution in our country. Since 2011, China's commercial banks have been seriously affected by the continuous improvement of deposit and loan ratio and deposit reserve ratio supervision, and their business development has been seriously restricted. According to financial statistics, RMB loans increased by 7.47 trillion yuan in 2011 compared with the same period last year, and the credit line decreased by 390.1 billion yuan, which could not meet the traditional business needs of commercial banks. Due to the continuous pressure of funds, the growth of operating profits of commercial banks has declined seriously, so commercial banks must be transformed into intensive business mode. From the point of view of retail business of commercial banks, personal housing loans will directly affect the loan income of banks since the regulation and control of the property market. Most of the commercial banks in China began to set up their own business structure by the continuous regulation and control of the property market last year, and everyone began to aim at the small and micro financial market. In view of this, the author makes a deep theoretical discussion and empirical analysis on the development of small and micro financial institutions of commercial banks in China, and tries to draw some useful conclusions and enlightenment. This article combines the actual situation and demand of political, economic and financial structure of our country, draws lessons from the successful cases of the development of small and micro finance of Minsheng Bank of China, Beijing Bank, Everbright Bank of China and China Merchants Bank, and explores the institutional basis and development conditions of establishing small and micro financial institutions in an all-round way. Under the influence of China's economic environment, China's small and micro finance has been strongly supported by the national financial finance and taxation policy, the local government's various policies, and has received a strong backing in the future development. at the same time, the development of small and micro finance has created a new breakthrough for the retail business of commercial banks in our country. In view of the opportunities and challenges faced by small and micro financial institutions in China at present, this paper puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Thus it can be seen that there is a lot of room for the development of small and micro finance, which is expected to become an important pillar of the development of commercial banks in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.33

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