發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-10 15:10

【摘要】：金融作為現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的核心要素,它對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。特別是進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)后,在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的背景下,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)金融化和金融自由化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn),金融在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中所發(fā)揮的作用日益凸顯,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)金融發(fā)展促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)己成為全球性論題。金融結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化調(diào)整和金融效率提升既是金融發(fā)展的題中之意,也是實(shí)現(xiàn)金融發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵途徑,二者正越來(lái)越受到國(guó)內(nèi)外研究者們的廣泛關(guān)注。 我國(guó)作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家,金融結(jié)構(gòu)變遷和金融效率提升的發(fā)展過(guò)程有著自身的特殊性。在20世紀(jì)80年代以前,我國(guó)的金融體系發(fā)展緩慢,對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)能力也十分有限；直到改革開(kāi)放以后,金融業(yè)的發(fā)展才引起國(guó)家的重視,并自此逐步進(jìn)入了加速發(fā)展的快車道。經(jīng)過(guò)30多年的改革和發(fā)展,不僅金融資產(chǎn)在規(guī)模和數(shù)量上得到了極大的擴(kuò)張,而且整個(gè)金融體系的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能也日趨完善,金融行業(yè)取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。但是由于受到經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、空間地理和歷史因素等的限制,我國(guó)目前金融體系運(yùn)作過(guò)程中仍然暴露出諸多問(wèn)題：金融工具結(jié)構(gòu)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)和金融市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,地區(qū)金融發(fā)展不均衡,金融體系服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)能力弱,宏觀金融運(yùn)作效率低下等。這些都是我國(guó)金融發(fā)展過(guò)程中所亟待解決的問(wèn)題。 本文基于金融學(xué)研究視角,將金融結(jié)構(gòu)和金融效率的關(guān)聯(lián)性作為研究重點(diǎn),不僅對(duì)金融結(jié)構(gòu)和金融效率的概念、構(gòu)成和影響因素等進(jìn)行了全面的理論探究,還利用大量的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)我國(guó)金融結(jié)構(gòu)和金融效率進(jìn)行了多層次的現(xiàn)狀分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用因子分析和回歸分析等計(jì)量模型對(duì)二者的關(guān)聯(lián)作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行了深入的實(shí)證研究。研究結(jié)果表明：對(duì)我國(guó)金融結(jié)構(gòu)影響最為顯著的因子為金融資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)、金融市場(chǎng)功能結(jié)構(gòu)和金融工具結(jié)構(gòu)；對(duì)我國(guó)金融效率影響最為顯著的因子為金融對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)效率、金融體系儲(chǔ)蓄動(dòng)員效率和金融行業(yè)自身的發(fā)展效率；金融結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化和金融效率提升之間存在著明顯的正相關(guān)關(guān)系,且量化比例關(guān)系約為0.8,二者之間存在著相互促進(jìn)的耦合作用機(jī)制。 筆者根據(jù)本文的研究結(jié)論并充分結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際給出了一些實(shí)現(xiàn)金融發(fā)展促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的政策建議：進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)并深化金融體制改革,大力發(fā)展多元化金融機(jī)構(gòu)體系和立體化金融市場(chǎng)體系,并積極優(yōu)化金融體系資產(chǎn)負(fù)債結(jié)構(gòu)；鼓勵(lì)金融創(chuàng)新與加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管并重,推動(dòng)金融工具、金融機(jī)構(gòu)和金融市場(chǎng)等多種金融要素的全方位創(chuàng)新,促進(jìn)宏觀金融效率提升；積極轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)從金融體系的直接控制者向著宏觀調(diào)控者轉(zhuǎn)變,推動(dòng)金融體系發(fā)展走向市場(chǎng)化,讓市場(chǎng)機(jī)制來(lái)進(jìn)行我國(guó)金融結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和金融效率優(yōu)化的路徑和模式選擇。
[Abstract]:As the core element of modern market economy, finance plays an irreplaceable role in realizing long-term and stable economic growth. Especially after entering the new century, under the background of economic globalization, with the continuous progress of economic financialization and financial liberalization, the role of finance in the process of economic development has become increasingly prominent. How to achieve financial development and promote economic growth has become a global topic. The optimization and adjustment of financial structure and the improvement of financial efficiency are not only the meaning of financial development, but also the key way to realize financial development. they are attracting more and more attention from researchers at home and abroad. As the largest developing country in the world, the development process of financial structure change and financial efficiency improvement has its own particularity. Before the 1980s, China's financial system developed slowly and its ability to contribute to economic growth was very limited. It was not until the reform and opening up that the development of the financial industry attracted the attention of the state, and has gradually entered the fast lane of accelerating development. After more than 30 years of reform and development, not only the scale and quantity of financial assets have been greatly expanded, but also the structure and function of the whole financial system have become more and more perfect, and the financial industry has made great progress and development. However, due to the limitations of economic base, spatial geography and historical factors, there are still many problems in the operation of the financial system in our country: the structure of financial instruments, the structure of financial institutions and the structure of financial market are unreasonable, the regional financial development is uneven, the real economic capacity of financial system is weak, the efficiency of macro-financial operation is low, and so on. These are the urgent problems to be solved in the process of financial development in our country. Based on the perspective of finance research, this paper focuses on the relationship between financial structure and financial efficiency. It not only makes a comprehensive theoretical study on the concept, composition and influencing factors of financial structure and financial efficiency, but also makes a multi-level analysis of the current situation of financial structure and financial efficiency in China by using a large number of statistical data. On this basis, factor analysis and regression analysis and other econometric models are used to make an in-depth empirical study on the relationship mechanism between the two models. The results show that the most significant factors affecting the financial structure of our country are the structure of financial assets, the functional structure of financial market and the structure of financial instruments, and the most significant factors affecting the financial efficiency of our country are the contribution efficiency of finance to economic development, the efficiency of saving mobilization of financial system and the development efficiency of financial industry itself. There is an obvious positive correlation between the optimization of financial structure and the improvement of financial efficiency, and the quantitative proportional relationship is about 0.8. There is a coupling mechanism between them. According to the research conclusions of this paper and fully combined with the actual situation of our country, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to realize financial development and promote economic growth: further promote and deepen the reform of financial system, vigorously develop diversified financial institution system and three-dimensional financial market system, and actively optimize the asset-liability structure of financial system; Encourage financial innovation and strengthen financial supervision, promote the all-round innovation of various financial elements, such as financial instruments, financial institutions and financial markets, and promote the improvement of macro-financial efficiency; We should actively change the functions of the government, gradually realize the transformation from the direct controller of the financial system to the macro-controller, promote the development of the financial system to marketization, and let the market mechanism carry out the path and mode choice of the adjustment of China's financial structure and the optimization of financial efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.3

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