【摘要】：當(dāng)前,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)高速發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程加快,但隨之帶來的環(huán)境污染問題也日益嚴(yán)重。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),目前我國近三分之二的城市面臨著“垃圾圍城”的局面,超過二分之一的城市存在水資源短缺問題。此外,環(huán)境污染事故每年高達(dá)2000多次,且呈逐年上升趨勢(shì),己成為危害人類健康及社會(huì)安定的重要隱患,引起了政府的高度重視,并加大了對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的投資力度。根據(jù)中國統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒,“九五”期間我國環(huán)境保護(hù)投資總額約3600億元,占GDP的0.91%；“十五”期間投資高達(dá)8400億元,占GDP的1.18%；“十一五”期間全社會(huì)環(huán)保投資約為1.37萬億,占GDP的比重達(dá)1.6%。隨著我國環(huán)保力度的不斷增強(qiáng),這一比重還會(huì)逐年上升。國務(wù)院下發(fā)的《國家環(huán)境保護(hù)“十二五”規(guī)劃》預(yù)測(cè)至2015年我國環(huán)保投資需求約為3.4萬億元,然而目前的財(cái)政預(yù)算支出難以滿足如此巨大的資金缺口,因此環(huán)保資金供求矛盾已成為制約我國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的首要問題。解決環(huán)境保護(hù)的融資問題不僅關(guān)乎我國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的未來走向,也是緩解政府財(cái)政壓力的重要途徑。 論文主要分為四部分,首先介紹了環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的相關(guān)概念和發(fā)展理論及項(xiàng)目融資的有關(guān)理論,在此基礎(chǔ)上闡述了公共物品理論和外部性理論以此作為環(huán)保項(xiàng)目市場(chǎng)化融資的理論依據(jù)；其次從融資規(guī)模、融資渠道、資金利用結(jié)構(gòu)等角度分析了我國目前環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)目前存在的問題如融資渠道狹窄、融資總量不足、資金利用結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、資金利用效率低下等問題；再次提出了構(gòu)建我國環(huán)保融資新體系的設(shè)想,主要從完善政府財(cái)政政策性融資、加快金融機(jī)構(gòu)間接融資、多層次的資本市場(chǎng)融資、創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目融資模式、鼓勵(lì)其它融資方式等方面入手,重點(diǎn)介紹了環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的財(cái)政政策性融資體系、環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的間接融資渠道和直接融資渠道,其中財(cái)政政策性融資體系主要包括完善的財(cái)稅政策、加大國債支持力度、加快國有資產(chǎn)變現(xiàn)及建立政策性環(huán)保服務(wù)體系等幾個(gè)方面；最后針對(duì)目前我國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)存在的問題提出了建設(shè)性意見,以促進(jìn)我國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,其中第二部分和第三部分是本文的寫作重點(diǎn)。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)相關(guān)原理,對(duì)我國目前環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題進(jìn)行了全面、系統(tǒng)分析,在借鑒國外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了構(gòu)建環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)融資新體系的設(shè)想,主要包括環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)財(cái)政政策性融資、環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)的間接融資和直接融資、環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)項(xiàng)目融資等方面。此外,本文還對(duì)各種融資方式及渠道進(jìn)行了分析比對(duì),最終認(rèn)為市場(chǎng)化手段是解決目前我國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)融資困境的重要途徑。論文對(duì)環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)融資問題研究及各種融資方式的分析比較部分缺乏相關(guān)定量分析,說服力不強(qiáng)。與此同時(shí),本文主要局限于理論層面的分析上,在科學(xué)性和可操作性方面尚存在欠缺。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. According to statistics, nearly 2/3 of the cities in China are facing the situation of "garbage besieging", and more than 1/2 of the cities have the problem of shortage of water resources. In addition, environmental pollution accidents are as high as 2000 times a year, and show an upward trend year by year, which has become an important hidden danger that endangers human health and social stability, has aroused great attention by the government, and increased investment in environmental protection. According to the Statistical Yearbook of China, the total investment in environmental protection in China during the Ninth five-year Plan period was about 360 billion yuan, accounting for 0.91% of GDP, and the investment during the 10th five-year Plan period was as high as 840 billion yuan, accounting for 1.18% of GDP. During the Eleventh five-year Plan period, the investment in environmental protection of the whole society was about 1.37 trillion, accounting for 1.6% of GDP. With the continuous enhancement of environmental protection in China, this proportion will rise year by year. The 12th five-year Plan for National Environmental Protection issued by the State Council forecasts that China's investment demand for environmental protection will be about 3.4 trillion yuan by 2015. However, the current budget expenditure is difficult to meet such a huge funding gap. Therefore, the contradiction between supply and demand of environmental protection funds has become the primary problem restricting the development of environmental protection industry in our country. Solving the financing problem of environmental protection is not only related to the future trend of environmental protection industry in China, but also an important way to alleviate the financial pressure of the government. The paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, it introduces the related concepts and development theories of environmental protection industry and the related theories of project financing. On this basis, this paper expounds the theory of public goods and externality as the theoretical basis of market-oriented financing of environmental protection projects. Secondly, from the perspective of financing scale, financing channels, capital utilization structure and so on, this paper analyzes the current financing situation of environmental protection industry in China, and on this basis, puts forward the existing problems of environmental protection industry, such as narrow financing channels and insufficient total amount of financing. The structure of fund utilization is unreasonable and the efficiency of fund utilization is low. This paper puts forward again the idea of constructing a new environmental protection financing system in China, mainly from perfecting the government financial policy financing, speeding up the indirect financing of financial institutions, multi-level capital market financing, and innovating the project financing mode. To encourage other financing methods, this paper focuses on the financial policy financing system of the environmental protection industry, the indirect financing channels and the direct financing channels of the environmental protection industry, in which the fiscal policy financing system mainly includes the perfect fiscal and tax policies. Strengthen the support of national debt, speed up the realization of state-owned assets and the establishment of policy environmental protection service system and so on; Finally, some constructive suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry in order to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry. The second part and the third part are the focus of this paper. The innovation of this paper lies in the comprehensive and systematic analysis of the current financing situation and existing problems of environmental protection industry in China by using the relevant principles of economics, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries. This paper puts forward the idea of constructing a new financing system of environmental protection industry, including financial policy financing of environmental protection industry, indirect financing and direct financing of environmental protection industry, project financing of environmental protection industry and so on. In addition, this paper also analyzes and compares all kinds of financing methods and channels, and finally holds that marketization is an important way to solve the financing predicament of environmental protection industry in our country at present. In this paper, the research on financing problems of environmental protection industry and the analysis and comparison of various financing methods are lack of quantitative analysis, which is not persuasive. At the same time, this paper is mainly limited to the theoretical analysis, there is still a lack of science and maneuverability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：X324;F832.4

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本文編號(hào)：2488431