本文選題：農村金融 + 微型金融機構　； 參考：《中南大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：摘要：20世紀70年代以來,微型金融通過制度設計降低農村小額信貸的成本和風險,探索了農村金融機構的可持續(xù)發(fā)展模式,利用民間信息和社會資本約束機制,開發(fā)了連帶責任、橫向監(jiān)督、動態(tài)博弈等信貸技術,有效化解了農村金融市場的信息不對稱風險。 論文研究了農村微型金融機構的信息不對稱釋緩機制、抵押品替代機制和風險補償機制,從增長方式、信貸機制、營運體制和盈利模式的角度,剖析了國外農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展的原因與制度條件。在借鑒國際經驗的基礎上,對我國不同類型農村微型金融機構的發(fā)展現狀及特點進行了分類研究,較為全面地闡述了我國農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展的機理及影響因素,分別構建了我國福利性農村微型金融機構和商業(yè)性農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力評價指標體系。 結合我國福利性農村微型金融機構財務制度不健全的實際情況、以及商業(yè)性農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力評估過程中所面臨的信息不完全性,論文分別建立了基于不確定型層次分析法(UTAHP)的福利性農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力評價模型和基于多屬性群體決策方法的不完全信息條件下村鎮(zhèn)銀行可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力評價模型,選取了2004-2012年中國扶貧基金會小額信貸項目數據和全國20家村鎮(zhèn)銀行的數據分別展開實證研究。研究結果表明：客戶信息及信貸經驗的積累、治理結構的完善、資金來源的充沛對福利性農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有積極的促進作用。而有效的信貸創(chuàng)新、成本削減、內控及人力資源管理能夠提升村鎮(zhèn)銀行等商業(yè)性農村微型金融機構的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力,市場認可度、金融監(jiān)管環(huán)境和政府行為對村鎮(zhèn)銀行可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要影響。 在實證分析的基礎上,論文提出了針對性的政策建議。從微觀角度來看,農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展的能力需要從信貸機制創(chuàng)新、法人治理結構完善、提高利率定價水平等方面提升；就中觀角度而言,農村微型金融機構作為市場主體,其可持續(xù)發(fā)展與農村金融市場環(huán)境密切相關,建議從建立適度監(jiān)管框架、完善利率市場價格機制、加強農村金融基礎設施建設等方面優(yōu)化；從宏觀角度來看,政府角色定位對農村微型金融機構的可持續(xù)發(fā)展至關重要,建議從健全法制環(huán)境、整合財稅政策、加強信用文化建設等方面構建農村微型金融機構可持續(xù)發(fā)展的外部支持體系。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, microfinance has reduced the cost and risk of rural microfinance through institutional design, explored the sustainable development model of rural financial institutions, and made use of private information and social capital constraint mechanisms. Several credit techniques, such as joint liability, horizontal supervision and dynamic game, are developed to effectively resolve the information asymmetry risk in rural financial markets. In this paper, the information asymmetry release mechanism, collateral substitution mechanism and risk compensation mechanism of rural micro-financial institutions are studied, from the perspective of growth mode, credit mechanism, operating system and profit model. This paper analyzes the reasons and institutional conditions for the sustainable development of rural microfinance institutions in foreign countries. On the basis of drawing lessons from international experience, the development status and characteristics of different types of rural microfinance institutions in China are classified, and the mechanism and influencing factors of sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions in China are expounded comprehensively. The evaluation index system of sustainable development ability of welfare rural micro-financial institutions and commercial rural micro-financial institutions in China is constructed respectively. Combined with the imperfect financial system of welfare rural micro-financial institutions in China, and the incomplete information in the process of evaluating the ability of sustainable development of commercial rural micro-financial institutions, This paper establishes the evaluation model of the sustainable development ability of welfare rural micro-financial institutions based on the uncertain Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the incomplete information condition of the village bank based on the multi-attribute group decision method. Capacity development assessment model, The data of China Poverty Alleviation Foundation Microcredit Project from 2004 to 2012 and the data of 20 village banks from China were selected to carry out empirical research. The results show that the accumulation of customer information and credit experience, the improvement of governance structure, and the abundant sources of funds have a positive effect on the sustainable development of welfare rural micro-financial institutions. And effective credit innovation, cost reduction, internal control and human resource management can enhance the sustainable development ability and market acceptance of commercial rural micro-financial institutions such as village banks. Financial regulatory environment and government behavior have an important impact on the sustainable development of village banks. On the basis of empirical analysis, the paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations. From a micro perspective, the ability of rural microfinance institutions to develop sustainably needs to be improved from the aspects of credit mechanism innovation, corporate governance structure improvement and interest rate pricing level. As the main body of the market, the sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions is closely related to the rural financial market environment. It is suggested that the appropriate regulatory framework should be established, the market price mechanism of interest rate should be improved, and the construction of rural financial infrastructure should be strengthened. From the macro point of view, the role of government is very important to the sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions. It is suggested that fiscal and taxation policies should be integrated from a sound legal environment. Strengthen the construction of credit culture and other aspects to build rural micro-financial institutions sustainable development of external support system.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35

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