本文選題：開發(fā)性金融 + 支持��； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)面臨的歷史性任務(wù),也是中國現(xiàn)代化的必由之路。中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化是以中國特色社會(huì)主義理論為指導(dǎo),尊重國際社會(huì)城市化發(fā)展的一般規(guī)律,但不照搬國外城市化的模式,因時(shí)因地制宜,實(shí)事求是,符合中國國情、區(qū)情和發(fā)展階段實(shí)情的城鎮(zhèn)化。當(dāng)前,中國實(shí)施城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略,是我國擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的重要途徑。在破除“城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)”,提高農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平、促進(jìn)我國區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展等方面起到積極作用。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)化的科學(xué)發(fā)展,我們必須落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀以人為本的理念,以產(chǎn)業(yè)為支撐,構(gòu)建大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的城市體系,推進(jìn)戶籍制度、行政制度、土地制度和社會(huì)保障制度等方面的改革,走低碳城市化之路。同時(shí),中國的城鎮(zhèn)化要加快新農(nóng)村建設(shè),以新型工業(yè)化和新型城鎮(zhèn)化推動(dòng)我國城鄉(xiāng)一體化發(fā)展,構(gòu)建新型的城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系。李克強(qiáng)總理指出,城鎮(zhèn)化是現(xiàn)代化的必然趨勢(shì),也是廣大農(nóng)民的普遍愿望,它不僅可以帶動(dòng)巨大的消費(fèi)和投資需求,創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),其直接作用還是富裕農(nóng)民、造福人民。推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化,資金需求規(guī)模大、期限長、主體多元、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,現(xiàn)行投資嚴(yán)重不足,急需金融擔(dān)當(dāng)重任,作為政府的開發(fā)性金融機(jī)構(gòu),國家開發(fā)銀行(以下簡稱國開行)將積極發(fā)揮開發(fā)性金融的核心作用,做好資金供給和資源引導(dǎo)配置,積極穩(wěn)妥支持新型城鎮(zhèn)化。 論文在回顧了世界和我國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展階段的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)地分析了我國城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與政策要求,闡明了國開行的總體定位及發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,并提出開發(fā)性金融全面支持新型城鎮(zhèn)化的政策建議。 論文第一部分回顧了新型城鎮(zhèn)化的內(nèi)涵及其發(fā)展規(guī)律。本文首先明確了城鎮(zhèn)化的基本概念,提出人類已進(jìn)入城市時(shí)代�？v觀全球的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程,經(jīng)歷了從西歐發(fā)端,逐步向歐洲其他國家、美洲、澳洲擴(kuò)展,進(jìn)而波及亞洲和非洲的發(fā)展過程,表現(xiàn)為四波浪潮。城鎮(zhèn)化是人類從農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)向工業(yè)社會(huì)發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生的一種聚居方式變化現(xiàn)象,是一種社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的自然發(fā)展過程,不是人為的“推動(dòng)”。受技術(shù)進(jìn)步、不同國情條件等影響,世界主要國家城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)加速趨勢(shì)。目前,城鎮(zhèn)化促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,促進(jìn)科技進(jìn)步,促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代文明的“得”常被提及,而拉美和非洲國家城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程快,發(fā)展不均衡的過度城鎮(zhèn)化的“失”卻被忽視。因此,我們也應(yīng)該對(duì)全球“城鎮(zhèn)化熱”進(jìn)行冷思考,什么才是“好的城鎮(zhèn)化”和“壞的城鎮(zhèn)化”,筆者認(rèn)為,“好的城鎮(zhèn)化”是有就業(yè),生產(chǎn)力水平提高,技術(shù)進(jìn)步同步,人居環(huán)境建設(shè)水平不斷提高的城鎮(zhèn)化；“壞的城鎮(zhèn)化”是農(nóng)民失地、就業(yè)不落實(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平低下,人居環(huán)境條件差的城鎮(zhèn)化。 論文第二部分闡述了我國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展中的成就、問題與質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)。城鎮(zhèn)化是中國現(xiàn)代化的必由之路,從我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的長期目標(biāo)來看,城市化水平的提高應(yīng)該是我國第三步戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的重要內(nèi)容之一。改革開放以來,我國城鎮(zhèn)化分為工業(yè)化推動(dòng)下的城鎮(zhèn)化較快發(fā)展階段,大起大落之后陷入長期停滯階段,改革開放東南沿海城鎮(zhèn)化率先發(fā)展階段,市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展階段等四個(gè)階段,并取得了積極進(jìn)展。本章總結(jié)分析了中國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的主要特點(diǎn),分別為：大國城鎮(zhèn)化、“候鳥式”城鎮(zhèn)化、政府主導(dǎo)的城鎮(zhèn)化、“三農(nóng)”問題高度敏感條件下的城鎮(zhèn)化。我國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展取得了巨大成就,有力推動(dòng)了國家的工業(yè)化和現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,解決了大量農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力的就業(yè)問題,城市面貌發(fā)生巨大變化,形成了一批具有國際競爭力的中心城市和專業(yè)化城鎮(zhèn),城市在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中的主導(dǎo)作用更加突出。當(dāng)然,我國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展也存在一些突出問題,比如城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模式粗放,區(qū)域發(fā)展差距大,城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)仍然突出,大中小城市發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào),農(nóng)民工市民化進(jìn)程緩慢等,存在低成本、高成效、低質(zhì)量、高代價(jià)的問題。因此,下一步需要我們立足中國國情、借鑒國際城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),充分運(yùn)用開發(fā)性金融在中國的探索成果,充分發(fā)揮開發(fā)性金融在我國推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展改革的獨(dú)特作用。 論文第三部分分析了開發(fā)性金融支持城鎮(zhèn)化的實(shí)踐探索。在支持全國城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)過程中,國開行以富有特色的金融服務(wù)體系多方位地滿足城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)需求,區(qū)別于一般性的商業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu),充分體現(xiàn)出開發(fā)性金融的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì),發(fā)揮著不可替代的金融支持作用。國開行是促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的主力銀行。1998年以來,國開行堅(jiān)持開發(fā)性金融實(shí)踐,融資推動(dòng)公路、鐵路、市政等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),積極支持“三農(nóng)”、保障性住房、教育等領(lǐng)域發(fā)展,提升了城鎮(zhèn)化的綜合承載能力和發(fā)展質(zhì)量。國開行支持城鎮(zhèn)化的原則是：銀政合作,雪中送炭；規(guī)劃先行,科學(xué)發(fā)展；市場建設(shè),創(chuàng)新模式;先鋒先導(dǎo),融資支持；防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn),穩(wěn)健運(yùn)作。同時(shí),本文以**市為例,就國開行從2003年開始探索以城鄉(xiāng)一體化為主要內(nèi)容支持其新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)取得的成效進(jìn)行了分析。 論文第四部分提出了開發(fā)性金融支持新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的思考。本章通過對(duì)我國城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與政策要求的分析,提出了開發(fā)性金融支持新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的總體戰(zhàn)略,即堅(jiān)持將政府組織協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)勢(shì)與開發(fā)性金融融資優(yōu)勢(shì)相結(jié)合,發(fā)揮“投、貸、債、租、證”綜合優(yōu)勢(shì),加強(qiáng)投融資機(jī)制體制建設(shè),積極探索開發(fā)性金融支持新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的“開行模式”,成為助推新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的主力銀行、引領(lǐng)銀行和創(chuàng)新銀行。具體政策措施如下： 一是堅(jiān)持規(guī)劃先行,積極參與城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)規(guī)劃,提供“融資+融智”的復(fù)合型服務(wù)；對(duì)新型城鎮(zhèn)化相關(guān)規(guī)劃中的重大項(xiàng)目納入規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目庫進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)管理；與政府部門構(gòu)建對(duì)接機(jī)制。二是執(zhí)行差異化的信貸政策,實(shí)現(xiàn)信貸資源優(yōu)化配置。一方面拓展信貸業(yè)務(wù)范圍,執(zhí)行差異化信貸政策。另一方面提升信貸服務(wù)水平,實(shí)現(xiàn)各方面的新突破。三是規(guī)范融資平臺(tái),創(chuàng)新合作模式�！叭谫Y十融智”支持平臺(tái)規(guī)范建設(shè),同時(shí)協(xié)助融資主體市場化改革。四是推行綜合營銷,開展“投、貸、債、租、證”綜合經(jīng)營試點(diǎn)。打造差異化運(yùn)營模式,提高綜合金融服務(wù)能力。五是創(chuàng)新融資產(chǎn)品,多路徑支持城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)。整合企業(yè)信用資源,積極推進(jìn)集合信托或發(fā)債。積極組建和擴(kuò)資村鎮(zhèn)銀行,加強(qiáng)支持新農(nóng)村建設(shè)力度。開展無擔(dān)保的聯(lián)保、擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù)。積極探索發(fā)行城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)債券。推動(dòng)城市發(fā)展基金和重點(diǎn)小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)資金設(shè)立。六是參與金融生態(tài)建設(shè),發(fā)展和諧金融。倡導(dǎo)金融誠信文化,推動(dòng)地方信用建設(shè)。七是拓展金融產(chǎn)品,服務(wù)城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌。發(fā)展股權(quán)基金投資業(yè)務(wù),大力發(fā)展直接融資業(yè)務(wù),推動(dòng)金融租賃業(yè)務(wù)。八是加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理,提升金融服務(wù)能力。建立和完善切實(shí)可行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范措施,實(shí)行全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is a historic task facing China's modernization and the only way for China's modernization. The urbanization of Chinese characteristics is guided by the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, respecting the general law of the development of the urbanization of the international society, but it does not copy the mode of the foreign urbanization. At present, the implementation of urbanization strategy in China is an important way for China to expand domestic demand, adjust the industrial structure and change the way of economic development. It plays an active role in breaking the "two yuan structure of urban and rural", improving the level of agricultural modernization and promoting the coordinated development of our country.
In order to realize the scientific development of urbanization, we must carry out the concept of "Scientific Outlook on Development people based", support the industry as the support, construct the urban system of the coordinated development of small and medium-sized cities and small towns, promote the reform of the household registration system, the administrative system, the land system and the social security system and so on, and reduce the road of carbon urbanization. Urbanization should speed up the construction of new rural areas, promote the integration of urban and rural areas with new industrialization and new urbanization, and build a new relationship between urban and rural areas. Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that urbanization is the inevitable trend of modernization and the universal desire of the vast majority of farmers. It can not only bring huge consumption and investment needs, but also create more employment. The opportunity is the direct role of the rich peasants and the benefit of the people. To promote the new urbanization, the capital demand scale is large, the time limit is long, the main body is multiple, the structure is complex, the current investment is serious and the financial responsibility is badly needed. As a development financial institution of the government, the National Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as the national opening bank) will actively play the core of the development finance. We should make good use of our capital to provide funds and resources, and actively and reliably support new urbanization.
On the basis of the review of the world and the development stage of China's urbanization, the paper systematically analyzes the development trend and policy requirements of urbanization in China, clarifies the overall positioning and development strategy of the National Bank of China, and puts forward the policy proposals for the comprehensive support of the new urbanization in the development of the development finance.
The first part of the paper reviews the connotation of the new urbanization and the law of its development. Firstly, this article clarifies the basic concept of urbanization and puts forward that human beings have entered the urban era. The process of urbanization in the world has experienced the development process from the beginning of Western Europe, gradually to the rest of Europe, the Americas, Australia, and then to Asia and Africa. The urbanization is a wave of four waves. Urbanization is a phenomenon of human settlement from agricultural society to industrial society. It is a natural development process of social economy. It is not an artificial "promotion". Influenced by technological progress and different conditions, the development of urbanization in the main countries of the world is accelerating. To promote economic development, promote scientific and technological progress and promote the "gains" of modern civilization is often mentioned, while the urbanization process of Latin America and African countries is fast, and the "loss" of unbalanced development of urbanization is ignored. Therefore, we should also think cold about the global "urbanization heat", what is "good urbanization" and "bad city" The author believes that "good urbanization" is a urbanization with employment, increasing productivity, synchronization of technological progress, and continuous improvement in the level of construction of human settlements; "bad urbanization" is a urbanization of farmers' lost land, employment, low economic development and poor living conditions.
The second part of the paper expounds the achievements, problems and quality evaluation in the development of urbanization in China. Urbanization is the only way for China's modernization. From the long-term goal of China's national economy and social development, the improvement of the level of urbanization should be one of the important contents of the third step of our country's strategic goal. Since the reform and opening up, China's cities and towns It is divided into the rapid development stage of urbanization driven by industrialization, the period of long-term stagnation after the great rise and fall, the first stage of urbanization in the southeast coast of the southeast, the four stages of the rapid development stage of urbanization, and the positive development of the market economic system reform. This chapter summarizes and analyzes the main development of China's urbanization. The characteristics are as follows: the urbanization of great powers, the urbanization of "migratory birds", the urbanization of the government led by the government, and the urbanization under the highly sensitive condition of the "three rural" problems. The development of urbanization in China has made great achievements, vigorously promoted the process of industrialization and modernization of the country, solved the problem of employment of a large number of rural surplus labor, and the face of the city. Great changes have taken place in the formation of a number of central cities and specialized towns with international competitiveness, and the leading role of the city in the national economy and social development is more prominent. Of course, there are some outstanding problems in the development of urbanization in China, such as the extensive development pattern of urbanization, the large gap in regional development and the two yuan structure in urban and rural areas, The development of large and medium cities is not coordinated, the process of the citizenization of migrant workers is slow and so on. There is a low cost, high efficiency, low quality and high cost. Therefore, the next step needs to be based on the national conditions of China, draw lessons from the development of International Urbanization, fully utilize the exploration results of development finance in China, and give full play to the development finance in China. Promote the unique role of the development and reform of the new urbanization.
The third part of the paper analyzes the practice and exploration of the urbanization of developing financial support. In the process of supporting the national urbanization construction, the national opening bank is different from the general commercial financial institutions, which is different from the general commercial financial institutions, and gives full play to the characteristics and advantages of the development finance. Since.1998, the state Kai bank is the main bank to promote the construction of urbanization. The bank has insisted on developing financial practice, promoting the construction of highway, railway and municipal infrastructure, and actively supporting the development of "three rural", guarantee housing, education and other fields, and promoted the comprehensive carrying capacity and development quality of urbanization. At the same time, the principles of the bank's support for urbanization are: the cooperation of the silver government, the delivery of carbon in the snow, the planning advance, the scientific development, the market construction, the innovation model, the pioneer and the financing support, the risk prevention and the steady operation. The achievements made in the construction are analyzed.
The fourth part of the paper puts forward the thinking of the development of the new urbanization in the development of financial support. Through the analysis of the development trend and the policy requirements of the urbanization in China, this chapter puts forward the overall strategy of the development of the new urbanization in the development of financial support, that is, to combine the advantages of the coordination of government organizations with the advantages of the developing financial financing. "Investment, loan, debt, rent, certificate" comprehensive advantages, strengthen the system construction of investment and financing mechanism, actively explore the development of financial support for the new urbanization construction "opening mode", to be the main bank to boost the new urbanization construction, leading banks and innovative banks. The concrete policy measures are as follows:
First, we should adhere to the planning first, actively participate in the planning of urbanization and provide a compound service of "financing and melting"; the dynamic management of the major projects in the related planning of the new urbanization and the construction of the docking mechanism with the government. Two is the implementation of the differentiated credit policy and the realization of the optimal allocation of credit resources. On the one hand, expand credit business scope, implement differential credit policy. On the other hand, improve credit service level and realize new breakthroughs in all aspects. Three is standard financing platform, innovation cooperation mode, "financing ten finance" support platform standard construction, and help financing main body market reform. Four is to carry out comprehensive marketing, to carry out "investment, loan," Five is innovative financing products, multi path support for urban construction, integration of enterprise credit resources, active promotion of collective trust or debt issuance, active formation and expansion of village and town banks, strong support for the construction of new rural areas, unsecured joint insurance, Guarantee business. Actively explore the issue of urbanization construction bonds. Promote urban development fund and key small towns construction funds. Six is to participate in financial ecological construction, develop harmonious finance, promote financial integrity culture, promote local credit construction. Seven is to expand financial products, serve urban and township co-ordination. Develop equity fund investment business, energetically. Direct financing business to promote financial leasing business. Eight is to strengthen risk management, improve financial service capacity, establish and improve practical risk prevention measures, the implementation of comprehensive risk management.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F299.21;F832

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 汪光燾;走中國特色的城鎮(zhèn)化道路[J];求是;2003年16期

2 張文宏;雷開春;;城市新移民社會(huì)融合的結(jié)構(gòu)、現(xiàn)狀與影響因素分析[J];社會(huì)學(xué)研究;2008年05期

3 ;中國特色的城鎮(zhèn)化道路“特”在何處——建設(shè)部副部長仇保興解讀十六大報(bào)告[J];小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè);2002年12期

，

本文編號(hào)：1858608