本文選題：中國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè) + 東部地區(qū)��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：典當(dāng)行以當(dāng)戶對(duì)其動(dòng)產(chǎn)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利進(jìn)行質(zhì)押典當(dāng)或?qū)ζ浞康禺a(chǎn)進(jìn)行抵押典當(dāng)作為前提條件和最終還款來源,向當(dāng)戶發(fā)放典當(dāng)融資,實(shí)際上是一類經(jīng)營(yíng)貨幣信貸的非正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu),其以短期、靈便、快捷作為經(jīng)營(yíng)特點(diǎn)在滿足居民應(yīng)急需要和緩解中小企業(yè)短期融資需求方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。但是由于典當(dāng)業(yè)產(chǎn)生的歷史悠久、利率較高、經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)特殊的關(guān)系,我國(guó)民眾對(duì)其多存在歷史偏見,典當(dāng)行業(yè)在我國(guó)金融體系中也一度被邊緣化。 隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展以及市場(chǎng)主體融資需求的迅速增加,正規(guī)銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)向社會(huì)投放的信貸額度出現(xiàn)了供不應(yīng)求的局面。加之中小企業(yè)由于自身規(guī)模的限制,其短期融資需求越來越難以從銀行系統(tǒng)得到有效滿足,此時(shí)典當(dāng)融資以方便、快捷的業(yè)務(wù)特點(diǎn)吸引了一大批中小企業(yè)的關(guān)注,并日益成為不少中小企業(yè)難以缺少的短期融資選擇。在此過程中,我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)形成了有別于國(guó)外同行的業(yè)務(wù)特色——業(yè)務(wù)重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向中小企業(yè)融資。這不僅有利于緩解我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的短期融資壓力,也有利于促進(jìn)我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。但是我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)面臨的問題也較為突出,本文結(jié)合東部省份相關(guān)案例分析了我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)在發(fā)展過程中面臨的困境。具體表現(xiàn)為資本規(guī)模的不足導(dǎo)致典當(dāng)行易于出現(xiàn)流動(dòng)性不足的局面、典當(dāng)業(yè)目前缺乏一部行政法規(guī)位階之上的法律對(duì)其業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行規(guī)范、房地產(chǎn)抵押典當(dāng)業(yè)務(wù)和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利質(zhì)押典當(dāng)業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)暴露過高、典當(dāng)業(yè)監(jiān)管體系尚不完善、典當(dāng)業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的作用發(fā)揮有限,這些問題都會(huì)制約我國(guó)典當(dāng)企業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行調(diào)整和解決。 本文通過對(duì)比分析和案例分析的方法,以我國(guó)現(xiàn)代典當(dāng)業(yè)所具有的特殊性為出發(fā)點(diǎn)結(jié)合東部省份的相關(guān)案例展開研究,旨在找到解決我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)發(fā)展困境的對(duì)策。在具體內(nèi)容上,本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外典當(dāng)業(yè)研究的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和論著進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性的回顧和梳理,對(duì)典當(dāng)業(yè)研究狀況進(jìn)行適當(dāng)評(píng)述,總結(jié)出當(dāng)前典當(dāng)研究所取得的成果和尚存的不足；其次,通過橫向比較和縱向梳理相結(jié)合的方式,分析我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程和典型特征,得出我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)在業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)上所具有的獨(dú)特性,即以服務(wù)中小企業(yè)作為行業(yè)定位；最后,結(jié)合東部省份典當(dāng)業(yè)發(fā)展的實(shí)際狀況,分析我國(guó)典當(dāng)業(yè)目前的發(fā)展困境和業(yè)務(wù)局限,并針對(duì)這些問題分別提出改進(jìn)措施,建議典當(dāng)行拓寬短期融資渠道、調(diào)整業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)、完善內(nèi)控機(jī)制、對(duì)房地產(chǎn)抵押典當(dāng)業(yè)務(wù)及財(cái)產(chǎn)質(zhì)押典當(dāng)業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行更加謹(jǐn)慎的業(yè)務(wù)處理、防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)過度集中、并建議國(guó)家適當(dāng)加快典當(dāng)業(yè)的立法進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:Pawnshop pawns pawn their movable property and property rights or pawn their real estate as a prerequisite and final source of repayment to issue pawn financing to them. In fact, it is a kind of informal financial institution operating money and credit, which plays an important role in meeting the emergency needs of residents and alleviating the short-term financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises with the characteristics of short-term, convenient and quick operation. However, because of the long history of pawnbroking, high interest rate and special business relationship, there are many historical prejudices against pawn industry in China, and the pawnbroker industry was once marginalized in the financial system of our country. With the rapid development of our country's economy and the rapid increase of the financing demand of the main body of the market, the amount of credit extended to the society by the financial institutions of the formal banking has been in short supply. In addition, because of the limitation of their own scale, it is more and more difficult for SMEs to meet their short-term financing needs effectively from the banking system. At this time, the characteristics of pawn financing are convenient and quick to attract the attention of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises. And increasingly become a lot of small and medium-sized enterprises difficult to lack of short-term financing options. In this process, the pawnbroking industry of our country has formed the business characteristic different from the foreign counterparts-the business emphasis turns to the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises. This is not only helpful to alleviate the short-term financing pressure of our small and medium-sized enterprises, but also to promote the rapid development of our pawnbroking industry. However, the problems of pawnbroking industry in China are more prominent. This paper analyzes the dilemma of pawnbroking industry in the course of development with the relevant cases of eastern provinces. The concrete manifestation is that the shortage of capital makes the pawnbroker prone to lack of liquidity, and the pawnbroker lacks a law which is above the rank of administrative regulations to regulate its business. The risk of real estate mortgage pawn business and property rights pledge pawn business is too high, the supervision system of pawn industry is not perfect, and the role of pawnbroker association is limited. These problems will restrict the further development of pawn enterprises in our country. It needs to be adjusted and resolved. By means of comparative analysis and case analysis, this paper takes the particularity of modern pawnbroking in China as the starting point and studies the relevant cases in the eastern provinces in order to find out the countermeasures to solve the dilemma of the pawnbroking industry in China. In the specific content, this article first carries on the systematic review and the comb to the domestic and foreign pawn industry research related literature and the treatise, carries on the appropriate comment to the pawn industry research situation, summarizes the current pawn research achievement and the remaining insufficiency; Secondly, through the combination of horizontal comparison and vertical combing, this paper analyzes the development process and typical characteristics of China's pawnbroking industry, and points out the unique characteristics of the pawn industry in our country, that is, to serve the small and medium-sized enterprises as the industry orientation; Finally, according to the actual situation of pawnbroking development in eastern provinces, this paper analyzes the current difficulties and business limitations of pawnbroking industry in China, and puts forward some improvement measures for these problems, and suggests that pawnbrokers should broaden the short-term financing channels and adjust the business structure. To perfect the internal control mechanism, to deal with the real estate mortgage pawn business and the property pledge pawn business more carefully, to prevent the excessive concentration of risks, and to suggest that the state should speed up the legislative process of pawnbroking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.38

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本文編號(hào)：1786720