本文選題：民間金融　切入點：中小企業(yè)　出處：《河南大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：民間金融在中國存在時間久遠，地域分布廣闊遍布全國各地，誕生于民間有著根深蒂固的地緣、親緣發(fā)展優(yōu)勢，存在形式多樣，從不同方面滿足了廣大民眾的需求。民間金融的蓬勃發(fā)展是歷史的產(chǎn)物。在中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的改革初期，對非公有制經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展起到重大作用，為大批民營企業(yè)提供資金支持，也帶動了整個國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。其次，在解決中小企業(yè)融資問題上，民間金融彌補了正規(guī)金融資金供給不足的缺陷，通過收集和調(diào)動民間資本，支持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展，緩解了中小企業(yè)的融資壓力。在農(nóng)村，面對正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)的萎縮和城鄉(xiāng)分布失衡導致的農(nóng)民借貸無門，民間金融向農(nóng)民提供小數(shù)額的貸款，在解決了農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)、生活困難的基礎上，給予他們小型創(chuàng)業(yè)的資金支持，幫助了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。 民間金融和正規(guī)金融的關系也很緊密。首先，民間金融對正規(guī)金融造成壓力，隨著民間金融的靈活性和利率高彈性大等優(yōu)勢匯聚了大量的民間閑散資金，占領了越來越多的金融市場份額。同時，民間金融極強的競爭力，也促使正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)自身的改革：提高經(jīng)營效率、拓展服務范圍、豐富產(chǎn)品類型等，對完善和豐富正規(guī)金融、彌補其不足也起到了極大的作用。 在民間金融明顯的優(yōu)勢下，我們也不得不看到它暴露出來的問題。一方面，大量的資金循環(huán)在金融體系之外，難以準確統(tǒng)計其數(shù)量、控制其用途，不利于國家進行宏觀調(diào)控。另一方面，民間金融自身缺乏法律嚴格的規(guī)范和監(jiān)督，經(jīng)營模式不夠正規(guī)，風險較高，在利益的誘惑下，易導致違法犯罪活動，擾亂經(jīng)濟秩序、破壞社會穩(wěn)定。 民間金融不僅在我國盛行，在其他國家和地區(qū)也有良好的發(fā)展。文章分析了臺灣和孟加拉國的民間金融成功發(fā)展的出發(fā)點和方式，結(jié)合我國的實際國情，吸取他們對民間金融改革的經(jīng)驗，尋找一條適合我國民間金融生存和發(fā)展的道路。 溫州的民間金融改革試點讓我們看到了一道曙光，我們期待這次改革能為民間金融的摸索出一條健康的發(fā)展道路。最后，本文對我國民間金融的發(fā)展提出了一些建議：我國民間金融亟需陽光化、法制化、規(guī)范化。首先，要對民間金融和正規(guī)金融平等對待，給予他們正式的身份和合法的地位，讓民間金融有一個良好的發(fā)展平臺。第二，又要對民間金融“特殊”對待，對民間金融的規(guī)范化過程要適度，在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)讓其自由發(fā)展，過多的干預和控制必然會扼殺民間金融的天性和優(yōu)勢。第三，對民間金融的規(guī)定要具體法制化。細致、嚴格的準入和準出制度，具體操作過程中的規(guī)范制度，專門的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)對民間金融的審查監(jiān)督制度，以及配套的存款保險、擔保制度等，都必不可少。只有給了民間金融平等的待遇，優(yōu)惠的政策，合法的地位，并適當?shù)囊?guī)范和引導，才能保證其健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展，為我國經(jīng)濟建設提供更多的支持。
[Abstract]:There are Chinese folk finance in the long time, broad geographical distribution throughout the country, was born in the folk have ingrained geopolitical, phylogenetic development advantages, existing in various forms, from different aspects to meet the needs of the majority of the population. Rapid development of folk finance is a product of history. In Chinese economic development at the beginning of the reform, the development of non-public economy play a major role in providing financial support for a large number of private enterprises, but also led to the development of the entire national economy. Secondly, to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises, private finance compensate for lack of formal financial supply of funds, through the collection and transfer of private capital to support the development of SMEs, to ease the pressure on the financing of small and medium enterprises in the rural areas, in the face of the formal financial institutions and urban and rural distribution imbalance leads to the shrinking of farmers to obtain loans, private finance provides a small amount to farmers The loan, on the basis of solving the farmers' production and living difficulties, gave them the fund support of small businesses and helped the development of the rural economy.
The relationship between informal finance and formal finance is also very close. First of all, the folk financial pressure on the formal finance, with private financial flexibility and high interest rate elasticity and other advantages brought together a large number of civil idle funds, occupy more and more financial market share. At the same time, the financial competitiveness, also contributed to the reform of the formal the financial institutions themselves: improve business efficiency, expand the scope of services, rich product types, to improve and enrich the formal finance, make up for its shortcomings also played a great role.
In the folk financial advantage, we also have to see it exposed the problem. On the one hand, a large amount of money in circulation outside the financial system, it is difficult to accurately control the number of statistics, its use is not conducive to the national macro-control. On the other hand, the folk finance itself the lack of legal norms and strict supervision and management the model is not normal, the risk is higher, in the interests of the temptation, easily lead to illegal activities, disturb the economic order, undermine social stability.
Private finance is not only popular in China, is developing well in other countries and regions. This paper analyzes the starting point and the way of Taiwan and the successful development of private finance in Bangladesh, combined with China's actual situation, learn from their experience of the folk financial reform, to find a suitable for the survival and development of informal finance in China the road.
Wenzhou folk financial reform pilot allows us to see the dawn, we expect this reform to private finance and find out a healthy development road. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the development of informal finance in China: the sun to our country folk finance, legalization and standardization. First of all, to treatment of informal Finance and formal finance equality, give them a formal identity and legal status, so that private finance has a good development platform. Second, but also to the folk finance special treatment, the folk financial standardization process to moderate, let it develop freely within the scope of the law, the inevitable the intervention and control too much will kill the folk financial nature and advantages. Third, the provisions of private finance to the specific legal system. Meticulous, strict access and out of the system, the specific operation process specification system, specifically The regulators of the folk financial examination and supervision system, as well as supporting the deposit insurance guarantee system, etc., are indispensable. Only to private finance equal treatment, preferential policies, legal status, and regulate and guide appropriate, in order to ensure the healthy and stable development, provide more support for the economy of our country construction.

【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35

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相關期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1704065