“虐童”事件的防控及“反虐童”救助體系的構建
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 01:13
【摘要】：“兒童”不僅是國家的未來,同時還是社會的弱勢群體,切實保護兒童的生命安全、創(chuàng)造有利于兒童健康成長的家庭和社會環(huán)境,應該成為全世界不同國家共同努力地方向。但是在現實生活中“虐童”事件已不再是典型個案,依據聯合國兒童基金會的報道,“虐童”在全世界范圍內都時有發(fā)生,“虐童”已經發(fā)展成為威脅世界兒童生存的嚴重問題之一。已有的研究顯示“虐待”兒童的后果非常嚴重,“虐待”很有可能會導致受虐兒童在認知和情緒方面的發(fā)展落后于正常兒童,會使兒童遭受嚴重的身體和精神創(chuàng)傷,進而直接導致兒童認知方面的缺陷,并引起個體行為偏差,甚至會誤入歧途�！芭巴�,是一個全世界范圍的社會問題,西方國家關注的較早,多年研究及實踐的積累,已經形成了相對完善的“反虐童”法律保護體系、公共部門保障救助體系、社會多方參與體系等一系列行之有效的制度和方法。為保護兒童免遭“虐待”建立了屏障,為已經遭受“虐待”的兒童提供了救助渠道。反觀我國,由于東西方在對待孩子的問題上存在著巨大的觀念差異,在我國關于“虐童”的界定還不是很清晰。中國傳統(tǒng)文化中“子不教,父之過”、“棍棒之下出孝子”的理念,嚴重制約和影響著中國人對“兒童權益”的認識,兒童的主體性常常被忽略,兒童往往以家庭的附屬品形式存在,這就直接導致了“虐童”事件在我國很多時候被等同于“家庭內部事件”,并具有了“隱蔽性”的特征,最終導致了我國“虐童”事件：事前難以被發(fā)現、事中難以被制止、事后受虐兒童難以被救助的結果。在我國,由于“虐童”問題的法律規(guī)制不夠明確、公共部門因缺少法律和政策依據無法完全有效的介入“虐童”事件、社會組織參與度較低等原因,造成了“虐童”事件頻發(fā)的現狀。本課題試圖通過分析我國“虐童”的現狀,歸納我國“虐童”事件的特點,依托人權理論、社會公正理論,研究我國現有的關于保障兒童權益、救助受虐兒童的理論和實際做法,總結我國當下在應對“虐童”事件、構建“反虐童”救助體系方面取得的成績及存在的不足,通過學習國外“虐童”問題的相關理論,借鑒其應對“虐童”事件的實踐經驗,為我國“虐童”事件的有效防控及“反虐童”救助體系的構建提供思路,從而減少兒童受虐事件的發(fā)生,使兒童的權益得到真正的全面的保護。
[Abstract]:"Children" is not only the future of a country, but also a vulnerable group in society. To protect the life safety of children and to create a family and social environment conducive to the healthy growth of children should become the joint efforts of different countries all over the world. But in real life, "child abuse" is no longer a typical case, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), "child abuse" occurs all over the world. Child abuse has developed into one of the serious problems threatening the survival of children in the world. Existing studies have shown that the consequences of "abuse" of children are very serious, and that "abuse" is likely to lead to the cognitive and emotional development of abused children lagging behind that of normal children and to causing severe physical and mental trauma to children, This will directly lead to children's cognitive defects, and lead to individual behavior deviation, and even go astray. "Child abuse" is a worldwide social problem. Western countries have paid attention to the early years of research and practice accumulation, has formed a relatively perfect "anti-child abuse" legal protection system, the public sector protection system. Social participation system and a series of effective systems and methods. A barrier is established to protect children from abuse, and a relief channel is provided for children who have been abused. On the other hand, the definition of "child abuse" in our country is not very clear because of the great differences of ideas between the East and the West in the treatment of children. In the traditional Chinese culture, the concept of "son does not teach, father is wrong" and "filial piety comes from the stick" seriously restricts and influences the Chinese people's understanding of "children's rights and interests", and the subjectivity of children is often ignored. Children often exist in the form of family accessories, which directly leads to the "child abuse" incident in our country is often equated with "internal family events", and has the characteristics of "concealment". Finally, it leads to child abuse in China: it is difficult to be detected beforehand, difficult to stop in the incident, and difficult to be rescued after the incident. In our country, because the legal regulation of "child abuse" problem is not clear enough, the public sector is unable to intervene in the "child abuse" incident completely and effectively because of the lack of legal and policy basis, and the participation of social organizations is low, and so on. This has resulted in the frequent occurrence of child abuse incidents. This subject attempts to analyze the current situation of child abuse in China, sum up the characteristics of child abuse in China, and study the existing rights and interests of children in China, relying on the theory of human rights and social justice. The theory and practice of rescuing abused children, summing up the achievements and shortcomings of our country in dealing with the "child abuse" incident, constructing the "anti-child abuse" relief system, and learning the relevant theories of "child abuse" in foreign countries. Drawing on its practical experience in dealing with "child abuse" incident, it provides ideas for the effective prevention and control of child abuse incident and the construction of "anti-child abuse" relief system in China, so as to reduce the occurrence of child abuse incident. The protection of children's rights and interests is truly comprehensive.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.1
[Abstract]:"Children" is not only the future of a country, but also a vulnerable group in society. To protect the life safety of children and to create a family and social environment conducive to the healthy growth of children should become the joint efforts of different countries all over the world. But in real life, "child abuse" is no longer a typical case, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), "child abuse" occurs all over the world. Child abuse has developed into one of the serious problems threatening the survival of children in the world. Existing studies have shown that the consequences of "abuse" of children are very serious, and that "abuse" is likely to lead to the cognitive and emotional development of abused children lagging behind that of normal children and to causing severe physical and mental trauma to children, This will directly lead to children's cognitive defects, and lead to individual behavior deviation, and even go astray. "Child abuse" is a worldwide social problem. Western countries have paid attention to the early years of research and practice accumulation, has formed a relatively perfect "anti-child abuse" legal protection system, the public sector protection system. Social participation system and a series of effective systems and methods. A barrier is established to protect children from abuse, and a relief channel is provided for children who have been abused. On the other hand, the definition of "child abuse" in our country is not very clear because of the great differences of ideas between the East and the West in the treatment of children. In the traditional Chinese culture, the concept of "son does not teach, father is wrong" and "filial piety comes from the stick" seriously restricts and influences the Chinese people's understanding of "children's rights and interests", and the subjectivity of children is often ignored. Children often exist in the form of family accessories, which directly leads to the "child abuse" incident in our country is often equated with "internal family events", and has the characteristics of "concealment". Finally, it leads to child abuse in China: it is difficult to be detected beforehand, difficult to stop in the incident, and difficult to be rescued after the incident. In our country, because the legal regulation of "child abuse" problem is not clear enough, the public sector is unable to intervene in the "child abuse" incident completely and effectively because of the lack of legal and policy basis, and the participation of social organizations is low, and so on. This has resulted in the frequent occurrence of child abuse incidents. This subject attempts to analyze the current situation of child abuse in China, sum up the characteristics of child abuse in China, and study the existing rights and interests of children in China, relying on the theory of human rights and social justice. The theory and practice of rescuing abused children, summing up the achievements and shortcomings of our country in dealing with the "child abuse" incident, constructing the "anti-child abuse" relief system, and learning the relevant theories of "child abuse" in foreign countries. Drawing on its practical experience in dealing with "child abuse" incident, it provides ideas for the effective prevention and control of child abuse incident and the construction of "anti-child abuse" relief system in China, so as to reduce the occurrence of child abuse incident. The protection of children's rights and interests is truly comprehensive.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.1
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