【摘要】：成年人監(jiān)護(hù)是對(duì)由于精神、身體和智力狀況等原因在法律上需要特別保護(hù)的成年人給予幫助的法律制度。成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度始于羅馬法，至今已有一千多年的歷史。成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度雖然是一項(xiàng)古老的制度，但它和羅馬法許多其它的規(guī)定一樣，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)仍然發(fā)揮著重要的規(guī)范作用。 近年來，，隨著全球人口老齡化趨勢(shì)的加劇、社會(huì)生活復(fù)雜度的增加、社會(huì)文明的不斷發(fā)展，成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度的原有規(guī)定已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的需要。因此，世界主要發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家先后對(duì)其成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度進(jìn)行了改革和完善。這些改革出現(xiàn)了一系列共同趨勢(shì)：法律更全面地介入監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系，更多地尊重被監(jiān)護(hù)人的意志，更細(xì)致地區(qū)分被監(jiān)護(hù)人的需求，為生活中的弱者提供更人性化的保護(hù)和支持，確保他們與其他人平等地實(shí)現(xiàn)法律賦予的權(quán)利等等。歐美等國(guó)和日本已相繼廢止了禁治產(chǎn)宣告制度，并配合各國(guó)的實(shí)情，吸收“保護(hù)知能障礙者本人”、“尊重本人的自己決定權(quán)”、及“維持本人生活正�；�(normalization)”等新理念，修改并制定了新的成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度。這些都體現(xiàn)了二十一世紀(jì)先進(jìn)的立法趨勢(shì)，即更加注重對(duì)人權(quán)的尊重與保護(hù)。 新中國(guó)關(guān)于成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度的規(guī)定始于1986年，我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律就成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度的規(guī)定主要體現(xiàn)在《民法通則》第16—19條和《最高人民法院關(guān)于貫徹執(zhí)行民法通則若干問題意見(試行)》的相關(guān)條文中。這些規(guī)定構(gòu)成了監(jiān)護(hù)制度的基本內(nèi)容，包括對(duì)監(jiān)護(hù)人的范圍和順序的確定、監(jiān)護(hù)人的職責(zé)等。這些規(guī)定近二十年來沒有太多變化。不可否認(rèn)，這些規(guī)定在制定之初起到了很好的規(guī)范與指導(dǎo)作用。但是隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步、社會(huì)生活情況的變化，我國(guó)關(guān)于成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度的現(xiàn)行規(guī)定已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足人們的要求。其突出表現(xiàn)是立法思路和立法技術(shù)落后、具體內(nèi)容不完整、有缺陷。對(duì)有精神障礙、年老、身體障
[Abstract]:Adult guardianship is a legal system that helps adults who require special legal protection due to mental, physical and mental conditions. The system of adult guardianship began in Roman law and has a history of more than one thousand years. Although the adult guardianship system is an ancient system, it still plays an important normative role in modern society like many other provisions of Roman law. In recent years, with the aggravation of the global population aging trend, the increasing complexity of social life and the continuous development of social civilization, the original provisions of adult guardianship system can no longer meet the needs of modern society. Therefore, the world's major developed countries have reformed and improved their adult guardianship system. These reforms have resulted in a series of common trends: more comprehensive legal involvement in guardianship, greater respect for the will of the ward, a more detailed division of the needs of the chaperoned, more humane protection and support for the weak in life, Ensure that they realize their rights under the law on an equal footing with others, etc. Countries such as Europe, America and Japan have abolished the proscription system of proscription of property one after another, and in keeping with the facts of other countries, they have absorbed new concepts such as "protecting the persons with knowledge and disability", "respecting their own decision-making power" and "maintaining their normal (normalization)". The new adult guardianship system has been revised and established. All these reflect the advanced legislative trend of 21 century, that is, pay more attention to the respect and protection of human rights. The regulations on adult guardianship in New China began in 1986. The provisions on adult guardianship system in the current law of our country are mainly embodied in articles 16-19 of the General principles of Civil Law and the opinions of the Supreme people's Court on the implementation of the general principles of civil law (on trial). These provisions constitute the basic contents of guardianship system, including the determination of the scope and order of the guardian, the duties of the guardian, etc. These regulations have not changed much in the last two decades. Undeniably, these regulations have played a very good role in the regulation and guidance at the beginning of the formulation. However, with the progress of the times and the changes of social life, the current regulations on adult guardianship system in China have been far from satisfying the requirements of people. Its outstanding manifestation is the legislation thought and the legislation technique backwardness, the concrete content is not complete, has the flaw. With mental disorders, old age, physical handicap.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D923

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 黃曉帆;論我國(guó)成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度的完善[D];廈門大學(xué);2008年

2 宋云明;論我國(guó)老年人的監(jiān)護(hù)制度[D];西南大學(xué);2009年

3 李穎;成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2009年

4 邱立偉;成年意定監(jiān)護(hù)制度研究[D];山東大學(xué);2009年

5 邢慧玲;論我國(guó)成年意定監(jiān)護(hù)制度的建構(gòu)[D];山東大學(xué);2012年

6 賈凱;我國(guó)精神病人監(jiān)護(hù)制度研究[D];甘肅政法學(xué)院;2012年

本文編號(hào)：2413591